Full-Text
... variables to fewer underlying dimensions viewed as representing more authentic measure of climate change perception factors [55,56]. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used as the data reduction method during the factor analysis to ensure that all the variability in the observed variables we ...
... variables to fewer underlying dimensions viewed as representing more authentic measure of climate change perception factors [55,56]. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used as the data reduction method during the factor analysis to ensure that all the variability in the observed variables we ...
East African mountain lakes - Mountain Research Initiative
... MBT/CBT indices, have been found to correlate to environmental temperature and pH (Weijers et al., 2007). We have investigated the distribution of these compounds in our 65-lake dataset, and found that these membrane lipids indeed respond to and can be used to predict temperature with considerable a ...
... MBT/CBT indices, have been found to correlate to environmental temperature and pH (Weijers et al., 2007). We have investigated the distribution of these compounds in our 65-lake dataset, and found that these membrane lipids indeed respond to and can be used to predict temperature with considerable a ...
Creating a Climate Smart DFID
... activities which are already going on such as, programmes under development for ICF funding, mainstreaming of climate change into existing programmes, analysis and understanding of climate change impacts in country, reductions made in use of water, energy and transport, active green team in place, o ...
... activities which are already going on such as, programmes under development for ICF funding, mainstreaming of climate change into existing programmes, analysis and understanding of climate change impacts in country, reductions made in use of water, energy and transport, active green team in place, o ...
PDF
... encompassing the whole catchment and cooperation projects should be set up to enhance expertise and mutual learning (Renn, 2006). The latter can be very beneficial and needs to be horizontal, involving people who share background and knowledge on the same issue in different places. However, mutual l ...
... encompassing the whole catchment and cooperation projects should be set up to enhance expertise and mutual learning (Renn, 2006). The latter can be very beneficial and needs to be horizontal, involving people who share background and knowledge on the same issue in different places. However, mutual l ...
The Missing Science from the Draft National Assessment on Climate Change
... value of equilibrium climate sensitivity. Without the addition of the new projections, the NCA will be obsolete on the day of its official release. ...
... value of equilibrium climate sensitivity. Without the addition of the new projections, the NCA will be obsolete on the day of its official release. ...
Fact Sheet: Arctic Warming - Center for American Progress
... • Black carbon pollution, or soot, is emitted by diesel cars and trucks, woodstoves, wildfires, agricultural burning, oil and gas production, and shipping. Black carbon is a short-lived climate pollutant that directly warms the Arctic by trapping heat in the atmosphere.29 • Black carbon’s warming ...
... • Black carbon pollution, or soot, is emitted by diesel cars and trucks, woodstoves, wildfires, agricultural burning, oil and gas production, and shipping. Black carbon is a short-lived climate pollutant that directly warms the Arctic by trapping heat in the atmosphere.29 • Black carbon’s warming ...
Anticipating the outcome of the 2015 Paris Climate Change
... negotiating Parties in Paris. There is already a lot of literature available on what these are; therefore, we highlight those that are more legal in nature. The legal form of the agreement One of the largest legal stumbling blocks awaiting negotiators in Paris is the question of the form that the in ...
... negotiating Parties in Paris. There is already a lot of literature available on what these are; therefore, we highlight those that are more legal in nature. The legal form of the agreement One of the largest legal stumbling blocks awaiting negotiators in Paris is the question of the form that the in ...
Climate Impacts on Energy Systems
... 3. Integrated risk based planning processes will be critical to address these impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. This will help to avoid locking in unsustainable practices today through investments in long lived infrastructure and associated consumption patterns. It can support ...
... 3. Integrated risk based planning processes will be critical to address these impacts and harmonize actions within and across sectors. This will help to avoid locking in unsustainable practices today through investments in long lived infrastructure and associated consumption patterns. It can support ...
The Non-Regulatory Alternatives to GHG Regulations
... "natural" level of ice in the Arctic, even with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels. By increasing the shading to fifty percent, and the ice shelves grow. Further, the restoration happens fast. Within five years, the temperature would drop by almost two degrees, stabilizing the ice, saving the pola ...
... "natural" level of ice in the Arctic, even with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels. By increasing the shading to fifty percent, and the ice shelves grow. Further, the restoration happens fast. Within five years, the temperature would drop by almost two degrees, stabilizing the ice, saving the pola ...
Public health and climate change in the Republic of Kiribati
... Island States (AOSIS), as they pushed for concrete actions to be taken by larger nations. Personal appeals from small island countries during the 62nd UNGASS general debates spoke to the importance of immediate action. In some cases, climate change would jeopardize territorial integrity, ultimately ...
... Island States (AOSIS), as they pushed for concrete actions to be taken by larger nations. Personal appeals from small island countries during the 62nd UNGASS general debates spoke to the importance of immediate action. In some cases, climate change would jeopardize territorial integrity, ultimately ...
Review of current monitoring efforts in coastal ecosystems
... The second objective is to estimate the distribution and rate of change of population, urbanization, and land use/land cover in the coastal zone. It is believed that using current datasets these rates can be estimated within 1 year. The third goal is to assess the vulnerability of ecosystems in ...
... The second objective is to estimate the distribution and rate of change of population, urbanization, and land use/land cover in the coastal zone. It is believed that using current datasets these rates can be estimated within 1 year. The third goal is to assess the vulnerability of ecosystems in ...
Climate Change and National Park Wildlife: A Survival
... Climate change is here and now, affecting the coral reefs in Florida at Biscayne National Park, lodgepole pines in Rocky Mountain National Park and animals that rely on snow in Yellowstone National Park. The danger signs are a clear call to action for the National Parks Conservation Association, a n ...
... Climate change is here and now, affecting the coral reefs in Florida at Biscayne National Park, lodgepole pines in Rocky Mountain National Park and animals that rely on snow in Yellowstone National Park. The danger signs are a clear call to action for the National Parks Conservation Association, a n ...
Bopp et al, 2013
... (Taylor et al., 2012). These simulations include four future scenarios referred to as RCPs (Moss et al., 2010; van Vuuren et al., 2011): RCP8.5, RCP6.0, RCP4.5 and RCP2.6. The RCPs are labeled according to the additional radiative forcing level in 2100 with CO2 concentrations reaching 936, 670, 538 ...
... (Taylor et al., 2012). These simulations include four future scenarios referred to as RCPs (Moss et al., 2010; van Vuuren et al., 2011): RCP8.5, RCP6.0, RCP4.5 and RCP2.6. The RCPs are labeled according to the additional radiative forcing level in 2100 with CO2 concentrations reaching 936, 670, 538 ...
Chapter 13 Thermodynamic Feedbacks in the Climate System
... The Earth’s climate varies over many time scales, ranging from interannual and interdecadal variations to changes on geological time scales associated with ice ages and continental drift. The climate can vary either because of alterations in the internal dynamics and exchanges of energy within the c ...
... The Earth’s climate varies over many time scales, ranging from interannual and interdecadal variations to changes on geological time scales associated with ice ages and continental drift. The climate can vary either because of alterations in the internal dynamics and exchanges of energy within the c ...
Revisiting the urban - Durham Research Online
... the Clinton Climate Initiative (CCI) and expanded its membership to include 40 of the largest cities in the world (Ostrom 2010). Through such networks, and also on their own initiative, there is evidence that a broader range of private sector interests are becoming involved in urban climate governan ...
... the Clinton Climate Initiative (CCI) and expanded its membership to include 40 of the largest cities in the world (Ostrom 2010). Through such networks, and also on their own initiative, there is evidence that a broader range of private sector interests are becoming involved in urban climate governan ...
IUCN TILCEPA COP18 Climate Negotiations Report
... ecosystems and associated economies. The precise meaning of Loss & Damage remains somewhat fluid but seems to be moving in the direction of who is responsible when mitigation fails and adaptation fails or does not get implemented – resulting in a catastrophic and unrecoverable type of climate-relate ...
... ecosystems and associated economies. The precise meaning of Loss & Damage remains somewhat fluid but seems to be moving in the direction of who is responsible when mitigation fails and adaptation fails or does not get implemented – resulting in a catastrophic and unrecoverable type of climate-relate ...
wetland news - Association of State Wetland Managers
... in conjunction with the Michigan Wetlands Association Annual Conference (August 30 – September 2, 2011 at the Grand Traverse Resort in Acme, MI) – the conference brought together over 150 scientists, policy makers, and agency staff from state, federal, local, and nonprofit organizations in a broad r ...
... in conjunction with the Michigan Wetlands Association Annual Conference (August 30 – September 2, 2011 at the Grand Traverse Resort in Acme, MI) – the conference brought together over 150 scientists, policy makers, and agency staff from state, federal, local, and nonprofit organizations in a broad r ...
Warm Words II
... most significant difference was in their means of addressing the individual. He or she was constructed as a (powerful) member of a real, physically located community; the action (s)he could take was framed as collective or communal; the voice used was playful, metaphorical, and moreover, collaborati ...
... most significant difference was in their means of addressing the individual. He or she was constructed as a (powerful) member of a real, physically located community; the action (s)he could take was framed as collective or communal; the voice used was playful, metaphorical, and moreover, collaborati ...
Harley b/l - CalCOFI.org
... oscillations such as El Niño Southern Oscillation events (Jones et al. 2001). These oscillations provide natural “experiments” that can serve as proxies for studying the impacts of long-term, nonoscillatory trends such as those predicted by anthropogenic warming scenarios (IPCC 2001). Long-term chan ...
... oscillations such as El Niño Southern Oscillation events (Jones et al. 2001). These oscillations provide natural “experiments” that can serve as proxies for studying the impacts of long-term, nonoscillatory trends such as those predicted by anthropogenic warming scenarios (IPCC 2001). Long-term chan ...
PDF
... combating such threats and these options – in turn – involve different kinds of public goods, which yield benefits on different geographical scales. Individual countries assign divergent relative priorities to the different environmental threats and hence to the benefits of environmental protection ...
... combating such threats and these options – in turn – involve different kinds of public goods, which yield benefits on different geographical scales. Individual countries assign divergent relative priorities to the different environmental threats and hence to the benefits of environmental protection ...
DISCUSSION PAPER Climate Policy in the United States
... change and have been deeply involved in climate initiatives. Given their long shared history, significant trade relations, and common interests in technological development, the opportunity for and importance of cooperation is that much greater. Since 2001, however, the two countries have been addre ...
... change and have been deeply involved in climate initiatives. Given their long shared history, significant trade relations, and common interests in technological development, the opportunity for and importance of cooperation is that much greater. Since 2001, however, the two countries have been addre ...
Extreme Events
... and predictably. Often these biases are caused by the model’s resolution. For example, the 10 km resolution of the Climate Futures for Tasmania simulations means that steep ridgelines may not be captured, so the resulting rain shadow on the downwind side of the ridge is not represented in the simula ...
... and predictably. Often these biases are caused by the model’s resolution. For example, the 10 km resolution of the Climate Futures for Tasmania simulations means that steep ridgelines may not be captured, so the resulting rain shadow on the downwind side of the ridge is not represented in the simula ...
2020: The Climate Turning Point
... GW and was roughly equal to the new capacity in coal and gas15. Even more positively, over the last seven years alone, solar PV costs have come down 85%, meaning it already outcompetes fossil fuel generation capacity in many regions of the world16. The International Energy Agency (IEA) calculates th ...
... GW and was roughly equal to the new capacity in coal and gas15. Even more positively, over the last seven years alone, solar PV costs have come down 85%, meaning it already outcompetes fossil fuel generation capacity in many regions of the world16. The International Energy Agency (IEA) calculates th ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).