Climate Change in the Midwest: Impacts on Biodiversity
... current stressors, and adaptive responses will often be constrained by factors like habitat loss and lack of connectivity, invasive species, and hydrologic modifications. Direct effects of temperature increases are likely to be most critical for aquatic species that require cold to cool stream habit ...
... current stressors, and adaptive responses will often be constrained by factors like habitat loss and lack of connectivity, invasive species, and hydrologic modifications. Direct effects of temperature increases are likely to be most critical for aquatic species that require cold to cool stream habit ...
Initial NationalCommunication St. Kitts-Nevis
... The rural areas are characterized by ribbon developments, none of which can be said to have occurred as part of a planned physical development strategy, although there are a handful of locations where planned developments have been implemented. The major urban areas are Basseterre - the capital city ...
... The rural areas are characterized by ribbon developments, none of which can be said to have occurred as part of a planned physical development strategy, although there are a handful of locations where planned developments have been implemented. The major urban areas are Basseterre - the capital city ...
Regional Security Implications of Climate Change A
... organisations, which have stepped in where governments have failed – and which in turn has aroused suspicion of governments, leading in many instances to repressive actions. The global food crisis in 2008 witnessed riots in the Maghreb region. With agricultural production likely to decrease in the r ...
... organisations, which have stepped in where governments have failed – and which in turn has aroused suspicion of governments, leading in many instances to repressive actions. The global food crisis in 2008 witnessed riots in the Maghreb region. With agricultural production likely to decrease in the r ...
Conditional Cooperation and Climate Change
... and theoretical reasons. Concerns about climate change are mounting, and many now regard it as the major challenge confronting the international community. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has concluded that the earth is warming and attributes most of the trend to human activities— espe ...
... and theoretical reasons. Concerns about climate change are mounting, and many now regard it as the major challenge confronting the international community. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has concluded that the earth is warming and attributes most of the trend to human activities— espe ...
ieta - ghg market sentiment survey
... One result of the economic downturn has been the collapse of international oil prices which hovered between $110/bbl and $115/bbl during the week of the previous report’s launch before hitting an all time high of $147/bbl on 3 July 2008. By late December 2008 these prices had dipped below $40/bbl an ...
... One result of the economic downturn has been the collapse of international oil prices which hovered between $110/bbl and $115/bbl during the week of the previous report’s launch before hitting an all time high of $147/bbl on 3 July 2008. By late December 2008 these prices had dipped below $40/bbl an ...
Cloud feedback mechanisms and their representation in global
... forcing simulated by global climate models (GCMs). We review the main mechanisms for cloud feedbacks, and discuss their representation in climate models and the sources of inter-model spread. Global-mean cloud feedback in GCMs results from three main effects: (1 ...
... forcing simulated by global climate models (GCMs). We review the main mechanisms for cloud feedbacks, and discuss their representation in climate models and the sources of inter-model spread. Global-mean cloud feedback in GCMs results from three main effects: (1 ...
18 – 19 June 2014, Hôtel De Mille Collines Kigali - CDM
... submitted to the secretariat before the COP20 in Lima and more so before COP21 in Paris expected to coincide with the coming into force of the second agreement and commitment period of KP. Key concerns under this concept are; should contributions only be limited to mitigation or it can also take the ...
... submitted to the secretariat before the COP20 in Lima and more so before COP21 in Paris expected to coincide with the coming into force of the second agreement and commitment period of KP. Key concerns under this concept are; should contributions only be limited to mitigation or it can also take the ...
Fishermen`s Views of a Changing Ocean
... The profession of fishing is often multigenerational, with knowledge typically passed down from parent to child to grandchild. The combination of constant exposure to all kinds of weather; the consistent logging of data in the form of catch totals and locations; and a seemingly imperceptible unders ...
... The profession of fishing is often multigenerational, with knowledge typically passed down from parent to child to grandchild. The combination of constant exposure to all kinds of weather; the consistent logging of data in the form of catch totals and locations; and a seemingly imperceptible unders ...
The Missing Science from the Draft National Assessment on Climate Change
... that this is absolutely the worst of all. Virtually every sentence can be contested or does not represent a complete survey of a relevant literature… …There is an overwhelming amount of misleading material in the CCSP’s “Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.” It is immediately obvious ...
... that this is absolutely the worst of all. Virtually every sentence can be contested or does not represent a complete survey of a relevant literature… …There is an overwhelming amount of misleading material in the CCSP’s “Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.” It is immediately obvious ...
- Wiley Online Library
... hardwoods. Acer increases and associated mesophication in Quercus-Pinus systems were delayed until mid 20th century fire suppression. This led to significant warm to cool shifts in temperature class where cool-adapted Acer saccharum increased and temperature neutral changes where warm-adapted Acer r ...
... hardwoods. Acer increases and associated mesophication in Quercus-Pinus systems were delayed until mid 20th century fire suppression. This led to significant warm to cool shifts in temperature class where cool-adapted Acer saccharum increased and temperature neutral changes where warm-adapted Acer r ...
full publication
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing mankind this century. Unchecked, no one will remain immune from its consequences. Yet we each contribute to it. Every time we use electricity and gas at home, drive a car and get on an aeroplane we are emitting greenhouse gases that are warming ...
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing mankind this century. Unchecked, no one will remain immune from its consequences. Yet we each contribute to it. Every time we use electricity and gas at home, drive a car and get on an aeroplane we are emitting greenhouse gases that are warming ...
CATF, AG fires, 11/16 - Clean Air Task Force
... Regulations on agricultural burning have a poor rate of enforcement in many countries. Russia and Kazakhstan officially ban open-‐field burning at the Ministry level, yet fires frequently occur on agric ...
... Regulations on agricultural burning have a poor rate of enforcement in many countries. Russia and Kazakhstan officially ban open-‐field burning at the Ministry level, yet fires frequently occur on agric ...
The Potential Conseque
... species will be challenging,but reducing the pressures of development on ecosystems and removing barriers to migration could be the most effective strategies. Agriculture and Ranching • Higher CO2 concentrations and increased precipitation are likely to increase crop yields and decrease water demand ...
... species will be challenging,but reducing the pressures of development on ecosystems and removing barriers to migration could be the most effective strategies. Agriculture and Ranching • Higher CO2 concentrations and increased precipitation are likely to increase crop yields and decrease water demand ...
Draft Cars Model Story Line - Tufts Office of Sustainability
... bring us (With no “post 2050” reductions)? What if fossil fuel emissions flattened at 2007 levels? Sketch in the curve you think would result on the graph to the right. Fossil Fuel Emissions ...
... bring us (With no “post 2050” reductions)? What if fossil fuel emissions flattened at 2007 levels? Sketch in the curve you think would result on the graph to the right. Fossil Fuel Emissions ...
CLIMSAVE_Socio-economic_Scenarios_Presentation
... – Enables a very close link between stakeholder contribution and research through participatory integration of stakeholders in the research process; – Provides successful identification and selection of stakeholders; – Enables stakeholders to provide substantial insights and useful knowledge and per ...
... – Enables a very close link between stakeholder contribution and research through participatory integration of stakeholders in the research process; – Provides successful identification and selection of stakeholders; – Enables stakeholders to provide substantial insights and useful knowledge and per ...
PDF
... There was no basis for focusing on only one ‘best’ analogue location, because it is typically assumed that none of the GCMs is clearly superior to the others. Variability among scenarios was not very high for the mid-century projections, as indicated by the proximity of all corresponding analogue si ...
... There was no basis for focusing on only one ‘best’ analogue location, because it is typically assumed that none of the GCMs is clearly superior to the others. Variability among scenarios was not very high for the mid-century projections, as indicated by the proximity of all corresponding analogue si ...
Reconciling scientific reality with realpolitik: moving beyond carbon
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
Reconciling scientific reality with realpolitik: moving
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
... If a compulsory climate policy framework is to be applied to individuals, families and their homes, it is likely to receive far more scrutiny than present upstream approaches. In this context, the carbon pricing approach of treating all equal-sized emissions cuts as fungible can be expected to raise ...
Document
... bales of cotton. As a consequence, the cost of clothes production within the country will rise by 20%. With apparel buyers seeking to stock inventories for the Christmas sales, companies are concerned over the viability of the Pakistan supply chain to deliver sufficient volume on time and on budget. ...
... bales of cotton. As a consequence, the cost of clothes production within the country will rise by 20%. With apparel buyers seeking to stock inventories for the Christmas sales, companies are concerned over the viability of the Pakistan supply chain to deliver sufficient volume on time and on budget. ...
The challenges of building cosmopolitan climate expertise
... Convention on Climate Change (FCCC). Since being set up in 1988, the IPCC has produced four extremely wide-ranging assessment reports. The publication of the latest IPCC report in 2007 (AR4) demonstrates that the scientific evidence for global warming is now overwhelming, even if scientific predicti ...
... Convention on Climate Change (FCCC). Since being set up in 1988, the IPCC has produced four extremely wide-ranging assessment reports. The publication of the latest IPCC report in 2007 (AR4) demonstrates that the scientific evidence for global warming is now overwhelming, even if scientific predicti ...
Climate change and European forests: What do we know, what are
... adaptation. In this paper, recent developments in climate change observations and projections, observed and projected impacts on European forests and the associated uncertainties are reviewed and synthesised with a view to understanding the implications for forest management. Current impact assessme ...
... adaptation. In this paper, recent developments in climate change observations and projections, observed and projected impacts on European forests and the associated uncertainties are reviewed and synthesised with a view to understanding the implications for forest management. Current impact assessme ...
Ethics as the grounding of a new paradigm of ecological
... • Global temperature has risen by nearly 0.7°C since 1950, mostly due to CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use. • Boundary: atmospheric concentration no higher than 350 ppm CO2. • Current: 400 ppm CO2 and rising. • Future: OECD projections based on current use are 685 ppm. • Must keep under 450 ppm to ...
... • Global temperature has risen by nearly 0.7°C since 1950, mostly due to CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use. • Boundary: atmospheric concentration no higher than 350 ppm CO2. • Current: 400 ppm CO2 and rising. • Future: OECD projections based on current use are 685 ppm. • Must keep under 450 ppm to ...
CO2 emissions from biomass combustion for bioenergy
... ignore the CO2 flux within a bioenergy system, assuming that CO2 absorbed equals CO2 emitted, so giving a net flux balance of zero; these studies simply assign a global warming potential (GWP) equal to zero to direct CO2 emissions (e.g., Carpentieri et al., 2005; Petersen Raymer, 2006; Huo et al., 2 ...
... ignore the CO2 flux within a bioenergy system, assuming that CO2 absorbed equals CO2 emitted, so giving a net flux balance of zero; these studies simply assign a global warming potential (GWP) equal to zero to direct CO2 emissions (e.g., Carpentieri et al., 2005; Petersen Raymer, 2006; Huo et al., 2 ...
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... t Permanence: When accounting for credits, the length of the carbon storage and the risk of loss (natural or human disturbances, such as fire, flood or pest outbreak) are an important issue. Carbon is not stored indefinitely in forest biomass and soils, therefore, a separate temporary crediting sys ...
... t Permanence: When accounting for credits, the length of the carbon storage and the risk of loss (natural or human disturbances, such as fire, flood or pest outbreak) are an important issue. Carbon is not stored indefinitely in forest biomass and soils, therefore, a separate temporary crediting sys ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""