Comparing impacts of climate change on streamflow in four large
... calculated for these three regimes the perennial drainage density as a function of mean annual rainfall. By using six GCMs (not specified) to assess the projected changes in mean annual rainfall across Africa, they found that 25 % of the continent will be significantly affected by a decrease in stre ...
... calculated for these three regimes the perennial drainage density as a function of mean annual rainfall. By using six GCMs (not specified) to assess the projected changes in mean annual rainfall across Africa, they found that 25 % of the continent will be significantly affected by a decrease in stre ...
Synergies between adaptation and mitigation in a nutshell
... Forest mitigation projects can have positive impacts on local livelihoods and their adaptive capacity. They can increase the provision of local ecosystem services to local communities, diversify incomes and economic activities, develop infrastructure or social services, and strengthen local institut ...
... Forest mitigation projects can have positive impacts on local livelihoods and their adaptive capacity. They can increase the provision of local ecosystem services to local communities, diversify incomes and economic activities, develop infrastructure or social services, and strengthen local institut ...
Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Giant Panda Habitat
... habitat information with general climate models (GCMs) to predict future geographic distribution and fragmentation of giant panda habitat. Results support a major general prediction of climate change—a shift of habitats towards higher elevation and higher latitudes. Our models predict climate change ...
... habitat information with general climate models (GCMs) to predict future geographic distribution and fragmentation of giant panda habitat. Results support a major general prediction of climate change—a shift of habitats towards higher elevation and higher latitudes. Our models predict climate change ...
12 - Chinese Academy of Sciences
... years of locust outbreaks caused the peasant uprising and the destruction of West-Han Dynasty” (recorded in History of East-Han Dynasty, a book published circa 25–220 A.D), the first law of locust control in China was issued in 1075 A.D. and the second in 1182 A.D. by emperors of NorthSong Dynasty ( ...
... years of locust outbreaks caused the peasant uprising and the destruction of West-Han Dynasty” (recorded in History of East-Han Dynasty, a book published circa 25–220 A.D), the first law of locust control in China was issued in 1075 A.D. and the second in 1182 A.D. by emperors of NorthSong Dynasty ( ...
Australia - Met Office
... Water stress and drought.................................................................................................. 63 Pluvial flooding and rainfall ............................................................................................... 63 Fluvial flooding............................. ...
... Water stress and drought.................................................................................................. 63 Pluvial flooding and rainfall ............................................................................................... 63 Fluvial flooding............................. ...
Media coverage of climate change: current trends, strengths
... begun early stages of what was to become its rapid development. During that time, media growth faced constraints by a number of competing and contradictory factors, such as strong state-control over the public sphere, legacies of colonialism, low literacy rates and technological capacity challenges ...
... begun early stages of what was to become its rapid development. During that time, media growth faced constraints by a number of competing and contradictory factors, such as strong state-control over the public sphere, legacies of colonialism, low literacy rates and technological capacity challenges ...
Iyigun et al._2013_Clustering climate regions of
... period where the human activities also affect the climate has started for the first time. Therefore, nowadays, climate changes can be defined by considering the influence of human activities which lead to the increase in greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, also called global warming (Türkeş 2008a, 201 ...
... period where the human activities also affect the climate has started for the first time. Therefore, nowadays, climate changes can be defined by considering the influence of human activities which lead to the increase in greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, also called global warming (Türkeş 2008a, 201 ...
No Refuge from Warming - Defenders of Wildlife
... Alaska has warmed over 4oF over the past 50 years, and the northern part of the state where the Refuge is located is projected to warm faster than any part of the continent (USGCRP 2009). The area is experiencing more freezing rain events that encase vital food plants in a tough coating of ice. Coas ...
... Alaska has warmed over 4oF over the past 50 years, and the northern part of the state where the Refuge is located is projected to warm faster than any part of the continent (USGCRP 2009). The area is experiencing more freezing rain events that encase vital food plants in a tough coating of ice. Coas ...
Perceptions of Climate Change Adaptation from the Great Lakes
... reducing greenhouse-gas emissions!. Alternatively, as many resource managers have a background in the biological sciences, we also expected that climate change adaptation definitions might overlap with concepts of biological or evolutionary adaptation—that is, the gradual change in species that occu ...
... reducing greenhouse-gas emissions!. Alternatively, as many resource managers have a background in the biological sciences, we also expected that climate change adaptation definitions might overlap with concepts of biological or evolutionary adaptation—that is, the gradual change in species that occu ...
What do the Appendices to the Copenhagen Accord tell us about global greenhouse gas emissions and the prospects for avoiding a rise in global average temperature of more than 2°C? (436 kB) (opens in new window)
... The latest studies of the science and economics conclude that annual global emissions of greenhouse gases must peak and fall to around 40-48 billion tonnes3 of carbondioxide-equivalent4 in 2020 to be consistent with a reasonable (i.e. 50 per cent) chance of limiting the increase in global average te ...
... The latest studies of the science and economics conclude that annual global emissions of greenhouse gases must peak and fall to around 40-48 billion tonnes3 of carbondioxide-equivalent4 in 2020 to be consistent with a reasonable (i.e. 50 per cent) chance of limiting the increase in global average te ...
U. S. Senate Minority Report:
... skeptical scientists. The prestigious International Geological Congress, dubbed the geologists' equivalent of the Olympic Games, was held in Norway in August 2008 and prominently featured the voices of scientists skeptical of man-made global warming fears. [See Full report Here: & see: Skeptical sci ...
... skeptical scientists. The prestigious International Geological Congress, dubbed the geologists' equivalent of the Olympic Games, was held in Norway in August 2008 and prominently featured the voices of scientists skeptical of man-made global warming fears. [See Full report Here: & see: Skeptical sci ...
Projecting climate change impacts on species distributions in
... Abstract Increasing evidence shows that anthropogenic climate change is affecting biodiversity. Reducing or stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions may slow global warming, but past emissions will continue to contribute to further unavoidable warming for more than a century. With obvious signs of diffi ...
... Abstract Increasing evidence shows that anthropogenic climate change is affecting biodiversity. Reducing or stabilizing greenhouse gas emissions may slow global warming, but past emissions will continue to contribute to further unavoidable warming for more than a century. With obvious signs of diffi ...
UNFCCC First Ten Years
... to their 1990 levels by the year 2000 was achieved for those countries as a whole. However, for most individual countries, emissions of greenhouse gases are now increasing. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, a key measure of long-term success, have increased about 5 per cent in the past d ...
... to their 1990 levels by the year 2000 was achieved for those countries as a whole. However, for most individual countries, emissions of greenhouse gases are now increasing. Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, a key measure of long-term success, have increased about 5 per cent in the past d ...
Low-carbon resilient development in the least developed countries
... www.iied/org/users/susannah-fisher [email protected] ...
... www.iied/org/users/susannah-fisher [email protected] ...
PDF
... agriculture. Depending on the environmental, climatic, economic and socio-cultural niches they occupy, different types of agroforestry systems have arisen in different places. Some prominent examples that illustrate the diversity of agroforestry are the parkland systems of the Sahel, multistory home ...
... agriculture. Depending on the environmental, climatic, economic and socio-cultural niches they occupy, different types of agroforestry systems have arisen in different places. Some prominent examples that illustrate the diversity of agroforestry are the parkland systems of the Sahel, multistory home ...
Full CV
... Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment; doi:10.1890/100068 Chapin III, F. Stuart , McGuire, A. David , Ruess, Roger W. , Hollingsworth, Teresa N. (a), Mack, Michelle, C. (r), Johnstone, Jill F. (r), Kasischke, E.S., Euskirchen, Eugenie S. (r), Jones, Jeremy B. , Jorgenson, M.T., Kielland, Knut , K ...
... Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment; doi:10.1890/100068 Chapin III, F. Stuart , McGuire, A. David , Ruess, Roger W. , Hollingsworth, Teresa N. (a), Mack, Michelle, C. (r), Johnstone, Jill F. (r), Kasischke, E.S., Euskirchen, Eugenie S. (r), Jones, Jeremy B. , Jorgenson, M.T., Kielland, Knut , K ...
TEM simulated monthly net methane emissions
... We used a biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to examine the methane (CH4 ) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere in Northern Eurasia from 1971 to 2100. Multiple model simulations using various wetland extent datasets and climate change scenarios were ...
... We used a biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM), to examine the methane (CH4 ) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere in Northern Eurasia from 1971 to 2100. Multiple model simulations using various wetland extent datasets and climate change scenarios were ...
adaptation to climate change: international policy options
... Adaptation5 to climate is not a new phenomenon. Indeed, throughout human history, societies have adapted to natural climate variability by altering settlement and agricultural patterns and other facets of their economies and lifestyles. Human-induced climate change lends a complex new dimension to t ...
... Adaptation5 to climate is not a new phenomenon. Indeed, throughout human history, societies have adapted to natural climate variability by altering settlement and agricultural patterns and other facets of their economies and lifestyles. Human-induced climate change lends a complex new dimension to t ...
Climate change adaptation: challenges and opportunities for a smart
... Up to now, major efforts have been addressed to promote mitigation strategies, capable to reduce GHG emissions, paying less attention to adaptation strategies, aimed at improving cities’ capability to deal with the impacts of climate change. In Europe, which is considered one of the world leader in ...
... Up to now, major efforts have been addressed to promote mitigation strategies, capable to reduce GHG emissions, paying less attention to adaptation strategies, aimed at improving cities’ capability to deal with the impacts of climate change. In Europe, which is considered one of the world leader in ...
What do we know about the economics of adaptation?
... agent who implements it, whereas this agent receives only a part of the benefit. Individuals will therefore lack incentives to invest in a public good. The standard solution to this problem is to make agents cooperate and/or to leave the decision to a public body, which in our case means to make ada ...
... agent who implements it, whereas this agent receives only a part of the benefit. Individuals will therefore lack incentives to invest in a public good. The standard solution to this problem is to make agents cooperate and/or to leave the decision to a public body, which in our case means to make ada ...
Future Climate Change: Modeling and Scenarios
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
The costs of adaptation: Working Paper 7 (260 kB) (opens in new window)
... became clear that a certain amount of climate change, and therefore adaptation, was unavoidable and international support for adaptation became a key aspect of the new global deal on climate change. In response to this demand a handful of aggregate adaptation cost estimates emerged in quick successi ...
... became clear that a certain amount of climate change, and therefore adaptation, was unavoidable and international support for adaptation became a key aspect of the new global deal on climate change. In response to this demand a handful of aggregate adaptation cost estimates emerged in quick successi ...
Annual Report for Research Centers and Institutes
... provided were a contradiction to the phase I review and a blatant statement of small p political decision making. An adequate explanation has still not been provided to the U of M for this decision. CEOS is an active partner in the High Performance Computing Initiative being developed by Computer Sc ...
... provided were a contradiction to the phase I review and a blatant statement of small p political decision making. An adequate explanation has still not been provided to the U of M for this decision. CEOS is an active partner in the High Performance Computing Initiative being developed by Computer Sc ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""