Threats, Monitoring, and Policy to Present and Future Climate Change... Algonquin Park (Ontario, Canada) to the Adirondack Park (New York,
... climate have made it a challenge for parks and protected areas to respond to the potential negative impacts to ecological integrity. The predicted rate of climate change is forecasted to be faster than the rate of deglacial warming and a fragmented landscape between large protected areas further con ...
... climate have made it a challenge for parks and protected areas to respond to the potential negative impacts to ecological integrity. The predicted rate of climate change is forecasted to be faster than the rate of deglacial warming and a fragmented landscape between large protected areas further con ...
Ch4 Pre-release version - Arctic Climate Impact Assessment
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
... Increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) are very likely to have a larger effect on climate in the Arctic than anywhere else on the globe. Physically based, global coupled atmosphere-land-ocean climate models are used to project possible future climate change. Given a change i ...
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... semi-arid ecosystems where water is a limited resource [9,12–15]; however, it is unclear why temperature was not found to be an important factor in regulating vegetation in Xinjiang [9]. Higher temperatures can lead to higher productivity provided that other stresses do not intensify [27]. However, ...
... semi-arid ecosystems where water is a limited resource [9,12–15]; however, it is unclear why temperature was not found to be an important factor in regulating vegetation in Xinjiang [9]. Higher temperatures can lead to higher productivity provided that other stresses do not intensify [27]. However, ...
Sensitivity of terrestrial precipitation trends to the structural evolution
... intermodel differences in global mean SST, representative of differing global climate sensitivities, exert limited systematic influence on LSP patterns. These results highlight the importance to regional terrestrial precipitation changes of properly simulating the spatial distribution of large-scale, ...
... intermodel differences in global mean SST, representative of differing global climate sensitivities, exert limited systematic influence on LSP patterns. These results highlight the importance to regional terrestrial precipitation changes of properly simulating the spatial distribution of large-scale, ...
How Climate Change Uniquely Impacts the Physical, Social and
... 2.1 Effect of Climate Change on Access to Northern Communities and Transportation.....4 2.2 Effect of Climate Change on Water Quality and Quantity .............................................7 2.3 Effect of Climate Change on Energy Cost and Usage ................................................11 2 ...
... 2.1 Effect of Climate Change on Access to Northern Communities and Transportation.....4 2.2 Effect of Climate Change on Water Quality and Quantity .............................................7 2.3 Effect of Climate Change on Energy Cost and Usage ................................................11 2 ...
An Analysis of the Dismal Theorem - Yale Economics
... In a series of papers, Martin Weitzman has proposed what he calls a Dismal Theorem. He summarizes the theorem as follows: “[T]he catastrophe-insurance aspect of such a fat-tailed unlimited-exposure situation, which can never be fully learned away, can dominate the social-discounting aspect, the pure ...
... In a series of papers, Martin Weitzman has proposed what he calls a Dismal Theorem. He summarizes the theorem as follows: “[T]he catastrophe-insurance aspect of such a fat-tailed unlimited-exposure situation, which can never be fully learned away, can dominate the social-discounting aspect, the pure ...
Climate change inspector with intentionally biased bootstrapping
... precipitation exhibits a C–C relation for summer while showing super C–C scaling for winter. These relations are only focused on very short timescales (not more than daily) or generally retrieved from GCM outputs. The behavior of mean precipitation over long-term period such as months and seasons is ...
... precipitation exhibits a C–C relation for summer while showing super C–C scaling for winter. These relations are only focused on very short timescales (not more than daily) or generally retrieved from GCM outputs. The behavior of mean precipitation over long-term period such as months and seasons is ...
Climate Change
... scientific evidence indicates that the continuous accumulation of the GHGs in the atmosphere has prevented the absorbed heat from leaving the atmosphere. Some of this heat is being trapped, consequently creating the greenhouse effect. GHGs are only one source of climate change; aerosols such as blac ...
... scientific evidence indicates that the continuous accumulation of the GHGs in the atmosphere has prevented the absorbed heat from leaving the atmosphere. Some of this heat is being trapped, consequently creating the greenhouse effect. GHGs are only one source of climate change; aerosols such as blac ...
Impact of climate change on waterborne diseases
... tropical regions, and in winter in the northern mid-latitudes. Heavy rainfalls associated with tropical cyclones are likely to increase with continued warming induced by enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations. There is high confidence that locations currently experiencing adverse impacts such as coa ...
... tropical regions, and in winter in the northern mid-latitudes. Heavy rainfalls associated with tropical cyclones are likely to increase with continued warming induced by enhanced greenhouse gas concentrations. There is high confidence that locations currently experiencing adverse impacts such as coa ...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS)
... Over the past 250 years, deforestation, combustion of fossil fuels, and production of agricultural commodities such as rice and livestock have caused atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and other green-house gases to rise significantly. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli ...
... Over the past 250 years, deforestation, combustion of fossil fuels, and production of agricultural commodities such as rice and livestock have caused atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and other green-house gases to rise significantly. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli ...
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... we will examine the current state of the tropical Pacific and how it might evolve over the next few months. We will then explore some current research issues including ENSO precursors, ENSO diversity if there are two (or more) types of events –and the potential impacts of ENSO beyond the tropical Pa ...
... we will examine the current state of the tropical Pacific and how it might evolve over the next few months. We will then explore some current research issues including ENSO precursors, ENSO diversity if there are two (or more) types of events –and the potential impacts of ENSO beyond the tropical Pa ...
Volcanoes and climate - South Dakota State University
... is short (a few days), due to efficient removal via precipitation.15,16 Therefore most tropospheric eruptions and degassing possess no significant potential for climate impact beyond the short-lived effect of ash clouds on local weather.9,14 Exceptionally large tropospheric eruptions may have some c ...
... is short (a few days), due to efficient removal via precipitation.15,16 Therefore most tropospheric eruptions and degassing possess no significant potential for climate impact beyond the short-lived effect of ash clouds on local weather.9,14 Exceptionally large tropospheric eruptions may have some c ...
Distinguishing the relative impacts of climate change and human
... for the Poyang Lake catchment, accounting for 105.0–212.1% of runoff changes relative to 1960s. However, human activities should be responsible for the decreased annual runoff of 5.4–56.3 mm in the other decades, accounting for 5.0% to 112.1% of runoff changes. It is noted that the effects of huma ...
... for the Poyang Lake catchment, accounting for 105.0–212.1% of runoff changes relative to 1960s. However, human activities should be responsible for the decreased annual runoff of 5.4–56.3 mm in the other decades, accounting for 5.0% to 112.1% of runoff changes. It is noted that the effects of huma ...
Provenance Trials in Alpine Range – Review and Perspectives for
... The impact of adaptive traits on forest management, conservation biology and genetics, and on climate adaptation is tremendous: for example, in forest management adaptive traits are the basis for the delineation of breeding zones and provenance regions, for ex‐ ample see [59, 60]. In conservation bi ...
... The impact of adaptive traits on forest management, conservation biology and genetics, and on climate adaptation is tremendous: for example, in forest management adaptive traits are the basis for the delineation of breeding zones and provenance regions, for ex‐ ample see [59, 60]. In conservation bi ...
Out of control: How we failed to adapt and suffered the consequences
... in millions of additional dollars spent on water treatment annually (IJC, 2014; Michalak et al., 2013). As the decade came to an end, the foundation for a dark future was laid. Government at all levels on both sides of the border had become so focused on dealing with their debts that other important ...
... in millions of additional dollars spent on water treatment annually (IJC, 2014; Michalak et al., 2013). As the decade came to an end, the foundation for a dark future was laid. Government at all levels on both sides of the border had become so focused on dealing with their debts that other important ...
515475 Alabama Law Review 62.5 R3.ps
... 17.4%.24 Despite warnings by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), “greenhouse gas emissions grew by 80 percent between 1970 and 2004 and could double again by 2030.”25 Because of the levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released into the Earth’s atmosphere today, aver ...
... 17.4%.24 Despite warnings by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), “greenhouse gas emissions grew by 80 percent between 1970 and 2004 and could double again by 2030.”25 Because of the levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released into the Earth’s atmosphere today, aver ...
Potential Climate Change Impacts on Marine Resources
... We explored the feasibility of linking a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model [the Parallel Ocean Climate Model (PCM)] with the Harvard Ocean Prediction System (HOPS) in an attempt to account for the effects of complex topographic features and finer-scale hydrographic features in the G ...
... We explored the feasibility of linking a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model [the Parallel Ocean Climate Model (PCM)] with the Harvard Ocean Prediction System (HOPS) in an attempt to account for the effects of complex topographic features and finer-scale hydrographic features in the G ...
Changes in Global Monsoon Circulations Since 1950 229 T. N. CHASE
... ENSO effects on rainfall in eastern Africa to be variable by season and by region though they found an overall drying during the JJAS season, particularly in central Kenya and the northern parts of Uganda. Bhatt (1989), and Nicholson and Kim (1997) found significant correlations between decreased ea ...
... ENSO effects on rainfall in eastern Africa to be variable by season and by region though they found an overall drying during the JJAS season, particularly in central Kenya and the northern parts of Uganda. Bhatt (1989), and Nicholson and Kim (1997) found significant correlations between decreased ea ...
US Senate Minority Report
... “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Autonomous Uni ...
... “The models and forecasts of the UN IPCC "are incorrect because they only are based on mathematical models and presented results at scenarios that do not include, for example, solar activity.” - Victor Manuel Velasco Herrera, a researcher at the Institute of Geophysics of the National Autonomous Uni ...
polar ice sheets and climate change: GLOBAL impActs
... ice sheet fluctuations in the past as revealed by ocean sediment and ice core records. For about the last one million years, these fluctuations have been dominated by ice age cycles lasting around 100 thousand years, with sea level falling more than 100 m below today’s levels during glacial times. T ...
... ice sheet fluctuations in the past as revealed by ocean sediment and ice core records. For about the last one million years, these fluctuations have been dominated by ice age cycles lasting around 100 thousand years, with sea level falling more than 100 m below today’s levels during glacial times. T ...
Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from US Agriculture
... In this paper we exploit variation in longer-term changes in temperature and precipitation across the US to identify the effect of climate change on agricultural productivity, and to quantify whether longer-run adjustment to changes in climate has indeed exceeded shorterrun adjustment. Recent change ...
... In this paper we exploit variation in longer-term changes in temperature and precipitation across the US to identify the effect of climate change on agricultural productivity, and to quantify whether longer-run adjustment to changes in climate has indeed exceeded shorterrun adjustment. Recent change ...
America`s Dirtiest Power Plants - Environment America Research
... for future generations unless we immediately and dramatically reduce the dangerous carbon pollution that is fueling the problem. Meeting that challenge can seem overwhelming, and it’s certainly not going to be easy. But the United States and the world can make a major down-payment toward those emiss ...
... for future generations unless we immediately and dramatically reduce the dangerous carbon pollution that is fueling the problem. Meeting that challenge can seem overwhelming, and it’s certainly not going to be easy. But the United States and the world can make a major down-payment toward those emiss ...
Coastal Climate Change Adaptive management of beaches and
... Tourists expect clean, safe and preferably sandy beaches. But whose responsibility is it to provide and maintain them? In Germany, for coastal protection the legal responsibility lies with public authorities such as the agencies for coastal protection of the federal states, or with environmental age ...
... Tourists expect clean, safe and preferably sandy beaches. But whose responsibility is it to provide and maintain them? In Germany, for coastal protection the legal responsibility lies with public authorities such as the agencies for coastal protection of the federal states, or with environmental age ...
Alpine strategy for adaptation to climate change in the field of natural
... Central estimate JJA ...
... Central estimate JJA ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""