TOOLS IN ASTRONOMY SPECTROSCOPY
... 2. Understand how stellar spectra are classified as A, B, C, D, E and so on, based on prominent characteristics. 3. Understand how stellar spectra are related to composition and temperature. Introduction: Classifying stars based on brightness is somewhat problematic. A star’s apparent brightness can ...
... 2. Understand how stellar spectra are classified as A, B, C, D, E and so on, based on prominent characteristics. 3. Understand how stellar spectra are related to composition and temperature. Introduction: Classifying stars based on brightness is somewhat problematic. A star’s apparent brightness can ...
Part 2 - Aryabhat
... Capella is a fascinating star system comprised of two similar class G yellow giant stars and a pair of much fainter red dwarf stars. The brighter yellow giant, known as Aa, is 80 times more luminous and nearly three times more massive than our Sun. The fainter yellow giant, known as Ab, is 50 times ...
... Capella is a fascinating star system comprised of two similar class G yellow giant stars and a pair of much fainter red dwarf stars. The brighter yellow giant, known as Aa, is 80 times more luminous and nearly three times more massive than our Sun. The fainter yellow giant, known as Ab, is 50 times ...
Homework #2 1. There are two ways to estimate the energy carried
... longer than the gravitational free-fall time of the cloud, tf f ≈ 1/ Ghρi, where hρi is the mean density of the cloud. What happens if tKH < tf f ? b) Estimate the critical radius Rc (in R ) at which tKH ≈ tf f , i.e, at which KH contraction begins, for a given cloud of mass M (in M ). Assume, as ...
... longer than the gravitational free-fall time of the cloud, tf f ≈ 1/ Ghρi, where hρi is the mean density of the cloud. What happens if tKH < tf f ? b) Estimate the critical radius Rc (in R ) at which tKH ≈ tf f , i.e, at which KH contraction begins, for a given cloud of mass M (in M ). Assume, as ...
document
... • Gravity within a contracting gas cloud becomes stronger as the gas becomes denser. ...
... • Gravity within a contracting gas cloud becomes stronger as the gas becomes denser. ...
Practical cosmology with the Local Volume galaxies
... peculiar velocities within the Volume. A peculiar velocity map for the LV galaxies in the LG reference frame shows the local Hubble flow to be generally calm with peculiar velocity variations within ± 30 km/s. There is only a small area of negative peculiar velocities about - 250 km/s in direction t ...
... peculiar velocities within the Volume. A peculiar velocity map for the LV galaxies in the LG reference frame shows the local Hubble flow to be generally calm with peculiar velocity variations within ± 30 km/s. There is only a small area of negative peculiar velocities about - 250 km/s in direction t ...
Chapter 12
... sort of force stops contraction before the core temperature rises above 107 K. • Thermal pressure cannot stop contraction because the star is constantly losing thermal energy from its ...
... sort of force stops contraction before the core temperature rises above 107 K. • Thermal pressure cannot stop contraction because the star is constantly losing thermal energy from its ...
A rocky planet transiting a nearby low-mass star
... Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. ...
... Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. ...
Additional Cosmology Images
... clusters NGC 265 and NGC 290 in the Small Magellanic Cloud — two sparkling sets of gemstones in the southern sky. These images, taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, show a myriad of stars in crystal clear detail. The brilliant open star clusters are located about 200,000 lightyears away ...
... clusters NGC 265 and NGC 290 in the Small Magellanic Cloud — two sparkling sets of gemstones in the southern sky. These images, taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys, show a myriad of stars in crystal clear detail. The brilliant open star clusters are located about 200,000 lightyears away ...
FutureEnvironments
... normal gravity (1.0 g), low gravity (<1.0 g), high gravity (>1.0 g), and zero gravity (0 g). The following sections summarize the game effects for each type of environment. NORMAL GRAVITY “Normal gravity” equates to gravity on Earth. Environments with normal gravity impose no special modifiers on a ...
... normal gravity (1.0 g), low gravity (<1.0 g), high gravity (>1.0 g), and zero gravity (0 g). The following sections summarize the game effects for each type of environment. NORMAL GRAVITY “Normal gravity” equates to gravity on Earth. Environments with normal gravity impose no special modifiers on a ...
A Stars
... Diagram fainter than Main Sequence stars of the same Temperature. – Means they must be smaller in radius. – L-R-T Relation predicts: R ~ 0.01 Rsun (~ size of Earth!) ...
... Diagram fainter than Main Sequence stars of the same Temperature. – Means they must be smaller in radius. – L-R-T Relation predicts: R ~ 0.01 Rsun (~ size of Earth!) ...
PDF format
... Most of the material that makes up Earth and all life on Earth, including humans, was formed ...
... Most of the material that makes up Earth and all life on Earth, including humans, was formed ...
Document
... Abundance variations can also be caused by evolutionary changes in the stellar composition. An example is Lithium Lithium is destroyed at temperatures of T ≈ 2 x 106 K. The convection zone of the star brings Li to the deeper, hotter layers of the star where it is destroyed by conversion to He. It is ...
... Abundance variations can also be caused by evolutionary changes in the stellar composition. An example is Lithium Lithium is destroyed at temperatures of T ≈ 2 x 106 K. The convection zone of the star brings Li to the deeper, hotter layers of the star where it is destroyed by conversion to He. It is ...
Document
... • Oxygen is the most abundant element not produced in the Big Bang, but its abundance is in dispute. In the past 20 years this value has dropped by 0.57. • Magnesium abundance is consistent with meteoritic value, but gf-values of Mg are „notoriously uncertain“ ...
... • Oxygen is the most abundant element not produced in the Big Bang, but its abundance is in dispute. In the past 20 years this value has dropped by 0.57. • Magnesium abundance is consistent with meteoritic value, but gf-values of Mg are „notoriously uncertain“ ...
16_Testbank
... inwards it converts gravitational potential energy to thermal energy and warms up. Once the cloud becomes so dense that the thermal radiation cannot escape, the temperature rises rapidly, nuclear fusion begins and the dense core becomes a protostar. As the cloud has collapsed from a large size to a ...
... inwards it converts gravitational potential energy to thermal energy and warms up. Once the cloud becomes so dense that the thermal radiation cannot escape, the temperature rises rapidly, nuclear fusion begins and the dense core becomes a protostar. As the cloud has collapsed from a large size to a ...
Life and Death of Stars - UM Research Repository
... massed stars from Red giant stage turns to Planetary Nebula when outer parts drifted off into space and cool down. They are not able to fuse carbon or heavier elements into their cores and ended their lives by expelling their outer layers and leaving behind a White Dwarf; or a carbon star. For massi ...
... massed stars from Red giant stage turns to Planetary Nebula when outer parts drifted off into space and cool down. They are not able to fuse carbon or heavier elements into their cores and ended their lives by expelling their outer layers and leaving behind a White Dwarf; or a carbon star. For massi ...
Correct!
... to far away to use other types of measurement and would make the numbers astronomical! ...
... to far away to use other types of measurement and would make the numbers astronomical! ...
doc
... certain point, the newly forming object becomes visible. At this stage the large luminous body is called a protostar. The other half of its gravitational energy remains within the protostar as heat. As contraction continues, the internal temperature of the protostar keeps rising, and when it reaches ...
... certain point, the newly forming object becomes visible. At this stage the large luminous body is called a protostar. The other half of its gravitational energy remains within the protostar as heat. As contraction continues, the internal temperature of the protostar keeps rising, and when it reaches ...
Doppler Effect Demo
... No. The overall expansion of the universe shows up only at great distances. Some galaxies that are close to the Milky Way actually move toward us and are blue-shifted. However, all galaxies beyond a certain distance are red-shifted. Is it possible to see any planets orbiting other stars? As of the t ...
... No. The overall expansion of the universe shows up only at great distances. Some galaxies that are close to the Milky Way actually move toward us and are blue-shifted. However, all galaxies beyond a certain distance are red-shifted. Is it possible to see any planets orbiting other stars? As of the t ...
Chapter 2 Surveying the stars 2.1 Star magnitudes
... As there are 31.536 million seconds in one year, it follows that one light year = speed of light × time in seconds for one year = 3.00 × 108 m s−1 × 3.15 × 107 s = 9.45 × 1015 m. The Sun and nearby stars are in a spiral arm of the Milky Way galaxy. The galaxy contains almost a million million stars. ...
... As there are 31.536 million seconds in one year, it follows that one light year = speed of light × time in seconds for one year = 3.00 × 108 m s−1 × 3.15 × 107 s = 9.45 × 1015 m. The Sun and nearby stars are in a spiral arm of the Milky Way galaxy. The galaxy contains almost a million million stars. ...
ASTR 104 - Wagner Homework 1
... What happens to the protostar if this event does not occur? 6. Explain the difference in the death of a low-mass and a high-mass star? 7. What circumstances are necessary for a binary star to produce a nova? Could one occur outside of a binary system? 8. What are the different phases that the sun wi ...
... What happens to the protostar if this event does not occur? 6. Explain the difference in the death of a low-mass and a high-mass star? 7. What circumstances are necessary for a binary star to produce a nova? Could one occur outside of a binary system? 8. What are the different phases that the sun wi ...
Chapter 2: Discovering the Universe for Yourself
... Because of precession, someday it will be summer everywhere on Earth at the same time. A. Yes, precession will naturally circularize Earth’s orbit. B. Yes, precession will eventually reduce Earth’s axis tilt. C. Yes, precession will make summers occur at the same time, but in what is now the norther ...
... Because of precession, someday it will be summer everywhere on Earth at the same time. A. Yes, precession will naturally circularize Earth’s orbit. B. Yes, precession will eventually reduce Earth’s axis tilt. C. Yes, precession will make summers occur at the same time, but in what is now the norther ...