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129 DYNAMICAL STREAMS IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBOURHOOD B
129 DYNAMICAL STREAMS IN THE SOLAR NEIGHBOURHOOD B

... alone is not sufficient to create the observed streams. Nevertheless, De Simone et al. (2004) have shown that the structure of the local distribution function could well be due to a lumpy potential related to the presence of strong transient spiral waves. Besides those simulations, a recent model of ...
Chapter 14
Chapter 14

... 14.7 The Galactic Center These objects are very close to the galactic center. The orbit on the right is the best fit; it assumes a central black hole of 3.7 million solar masses. ...
Chap4-Timing
Chap4-Timing

...  Fate of planetary systems during the red giant phase.  All planets within the final extent of the red giant envelope will be engulfed and migrate inwards.  Planets further out will have greater chance of survival, migrating outwards as mass is lost from central star.  In mass is loss instantane ...
PDF format
PDF format

... a)  There won't be enough time for a star to form before gas is blown away by neighboring stars. b)  Gravity will be too weak to make the cloud collapse into a star. c)  It will never get hot enough for fusion to start. d)  The cloud will form planets instead of a star. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc ...
University of Groningen Mass loss and rotational CO emission
University of Groningen Mass loss and rotational CO emission

... which operates in the 790–840 GHz frequency range. A description of this new receiver is given in Sect. sec:Eband. The technical details and beam properties of the JCMT set up with the appropriate heterodyne receivers are summarized in Table tab:efficiencies. Observations with the B3- and W-receiver ...
Astrophysics notes
Astrophysics notes

... components of light and drawing inferences about the material that produced it. ...
EXPLORATION OF THE KUIPER BELT BY HIGH
EXPLORATION OF THE KUIPER BELT BY HIGH

... total mass of only 0.1 Mo (Gladman et al. 2001). In contrast, a simple extrapolation of the surface mass density of the solar system outside 35 AU yields several Earth masses. Moreover, KBO accretion models require an initial Kuiper Belt 100 times more massive than the currently observed belt and p ...
STEPHAN`S QUINTET
STEPHAN`S QUINTET

Lesson 3 - The Life Cycle of Stars - Hitchcock
Lesson 3 - The Life Cycle of Stars - Hitchcock

... How are stars plotted on the H-R diagram? • Astronomers refer to brightness as luminosity. Luminosity is a measure of the total amount of energy a star gives off each second. • When the surface temperatures of stars are plotted against their luminosity, a consistent pattern is revealed. • The graph ...
Life Cycle of a Star Vocabulary
Life Cycle of a Star Vocabulary

... • The core collapses and results in a giant explosion. © KeslerScience.com ...
What is the life cycle of a star?
What is the life cycle of a star?

... How are stars plotted on the H-R diagram? • Astronomers refer to brightness as luminosity. Luminosity is a measure of the total amount of energy a star gives off each second. • When the surface temperatures of stars are plotted against their luminosity, a consistent pattern is revealed. • The graph ...
Astrophysics - Cathkin High School
Astrophysics - Cathkin High School

... and that a small number of all H2 molecules will have a velocity greater than ve , it is not surprising to find that the rate of loss of hydrogen from the Earth’s atmosphere to outer space is considerable. In fact there is very little hydrogen remaining in the atmosphere. Oxygen molecules on the oth ...
GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION FROM ACCRETING NEUTRON STARS
GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION FROM ACCRETING NEUTRON STARS

... Continuous radiation from neutron stars has not received as much attention from theorists as have other sources, such as coalescing neutron star binaries [5]. It has long been recognised that non-axisymmetric irregularities in the crust of a neutron star (“lumps”) will radiate. The only observationa ...
Grade Nine Planetarium script
Grade Nine Planetarium script

... polaris is about 30 degrees from the near pointer star, or about three fists d) Cepheus is about 1.5 to 2 more fists past polaris e) Take a 90 degrees right turn at Cepheus, Cassiopeia is 1.5 fists in that direction. f) Draco's tail starts half way between the cups of the little and big dipper. Drac ...
Chapter 18 - Origin and Evolution of Stars Chapter Preview
Chapter 18 - Origin and Evolution of Stars Chapter Preview

... Figure 10. The Orion Nebula at different wavelengths and "magnifications". Panel A: The bright stars in Orion outline the hunter of Greek mythology (demarcated by lines). Dangling from Orion’s three-star belt is his sword. One of the bright sword stars is the Orion Nebula a noted site of recent and ...
Skynet
Skynet

... GRBs are the MOST POWERFUL EXPLOSIONS SINCE THE BIG BANG! ...
The Milky Way - The Independent School
The Milky Way - The Independent School

... are classified into different types, and that will lead you to insights into how galaxies form and evolve. In the next chapter, you will discover that some galaxies are violently active, and that will give you more clues to the evolution of galaxies. ...
Signals from the Beginnings of the World - Max-Planck
Signals from the Beginnings of the World - Max-Planck

... less than one to two seconds, and those that typically last between ten and one hundred seconds. The short events are possibly created during the fusion of two neutron stars that had been orbiting each other for some time; alternatively, such a remnant star might have an even more compact partner – ...
12. Nuclear Reactions in Nature
12. Nuclear Reactions in Nature

... percentage  by  mass  of  the  earth's  crust  and  as  a  percentage  by  mass  of  our  solar   system.  Notice  that  the  scale  is  logarithmic  and  the  data  spans  almost  eleven  orders   of  magnitude.  The  earth  is   ...
Star-S_Teacher_Guide - The University of Texas at Dallas
Star-S_Teacher_Guide - The University of Texas at Dallas

... comes from initially so that fusion can begin. The answer is gravity. As a forming star collapses, it heats up. When the core is sufficiently dense and hot, fusion begins. The energy released by fusion keeps the star from collapsing much further. Your students may also wonder what stars are made of; ...
Dr. Amanda Karakas and Prof. John Lattanzio
Dr. Amanda Karakas and Prof. John Lattanzio

... supernova (> 10 solar masses); 2.  Stars that evolve through the first and asymptotic giant branches (< 10 solar masses) ...
What makes stars tick?
What makes stars tick?

... Only about 1,000 years pass before carbon fusion ceases. In a star less than 8 M , the oxygenneon-magnesium core collapses and heats up, but not enough to initiate new fusion. The star loses all of its material (except its core) and forms a planetary nebula. ...
– 1 – 1. Historical Notes for Ay 123 1.1.
– 1 – 1. Historical Notes for Ay 123 1.1.

... with an amplitude of 0.5 milliarcsec (mas), while an Earth-like planet would have a wobble of only 0.3 mas. This is very small and impossible to measure without use of interferometry in space. The figure below, from planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/science/finding planets.cfm, shows the result from a model ...
HR Diagram Explorer Worksheet
HR Diagram Explorer Worksheet

... this equation to explain the results you found in the table of the previous question. Refer to the background material you have previously reviewed. ...
–1– 3. Equation of State In the stellar interior, as we shall see, the
–1– 3. Equation of State In the stellar interior, as we shall see, the

... Example 3.3 Early evolution of the Sun When a star just initiates the hydrogen nuclear burning, it is usually called a zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) star. For example, the Sun started out as a ZAMS star. Let us consider how the central density and temperature evolves as hydrogen is burned in the cor ...
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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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