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Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 11 Notes: Stellar
Astronomy 112: The Physics of Stars Class 11 Notes: Stellar

... The classic example of an unstable system is a pencil standing on its point. If one could get the pencil to balance completely perfectly, it would be in equilibrium. However, any small perturbation that causes the pencil to tilt slightly will grow, and the pencil will fall over. We need to make sure ...
Physics Time-Line 585BC to 2000
Physics Time-Line 585BC to 2000

... 1574: Tycho Brahe, Observes that a comet is beyond the moon 1576: Tycho Brahe, constructs a planetary observatory 1576: Thomas Digges, illustration of an infinite universe surrounding a Copernican solar system 1577: Tycho Brahe, observes that a comet passes through the orbits of other planets 1581: ...
Star Types - College of Engineering and Computer Science
Star Types - College of Engineering and Computer Science

OSP2016Level 3 Map - Oregon Star Party
OSP2016Level 3 Map - Oregon Star Party

... What is it? V404 Cyg is a black hole (12+/- 3 solar masses) with late K or early G type stellar companion that’s slightly smaller than the Sun, orbiting each other in less than 6.5 days. They are approximately 7800 light years away. Why you want to see it: The stellar companion is distorted into a ...
Chapter 12
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The Interstellar Medium (ch. 18) Interstellar Dust Grains
The Interstellar Medium (ch. 18) Interstellar Dust Grains

... existence of “dark matter”), that the gas in our galaxy is highly turbulent (moving supersonically in more-or-less random directions), and often found in “supershells” of expanding gas driven by luminous young stars. The illustration on p. 479 shows how our solar system is actually located within a ...
Ursa Major, the Great Bear
Ursa Major, the Great Bear

... M101 is a splendid face-on galaxy, which shows a distinct asymmetry in long exposure photographs. The giant spiral disk of stars, dust, and gas is 170,000 light-years across, almost twice the size of our Milky Way Galaxy. M101 is estimated to contain at least one trillion stars.  M101 lies on the e ...
1 Introduction - University of Amsterdam
1 Introduction - University of Amsterdam

... A gaseous sphere starts out its life as a star once the temperature and density in its core have reached values high enough for thermonuclear burning to start, transforming hydrogen into helium. Over time, the internal structure of the star will change and mass and angular momentum may be lost. This ...
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81 - Armenian Astronomical Society
81 - Armenian Astronomical Society

... The IAU fully supports the involvement of the general public in the naming of astronomical objects, whether directly or through an independent organised vote, in the naming of planetary satellites, newly discovered exoplanets, and their host stars. This follows a well-established tradition for namin ...
Stellar Evolution
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... with a helium flash before the star is once again in equilibrium. • The star develops a non-burning carbon core, surrounded by shells burning helium and hydrogen. • The shell expands into a planetary nebula, and the core is visible as a white dwarf. ...
Formation of Globular Clusters: In and Out of Dwarf Galaxies
Formation of Globular Clusters: In and Out of Dwarf Galaxies

... The number of massive mergers declines with cosmic time, results in a spread of ages of red clusters of several Gyr ...
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer

... Collectively, SNRs can affect star formation and galactic evolution processes. Some massive star SNe appear to be related to Gamma Ray Bursts. Hubble Space Telescope has played a key role in understanding these objects. ...
CHAPTER 13 Neutron Stars and Black Holes Clickers
CHAPTER 13 Neutron Stars and Black Holes Clickers

... The equivalence between an accelerating windowless elevator in space and a stationary elevator in a gravity field is a prediction of Newton’s theory of gravity. explains why elevators don’t work in space. explains why E = mc2 is true. helps explain Einstein’s theory of gravity. e) All of the above a ...
Determining the Sizes of Stars Using the HR Diagram
Determining the Sizes of Stars Using the HR Diagram

... Stars are born with a wide variety of mass. The most massive stars are 100 times more massive than the Sun while the least massive ones are only 0.08 times the mass of the Sun. Most stars spend about 90% of their lifetimes shining due to nuclear fusion that goes on in their cores, but after awhile t ...
PC3692: Physics of Stellar Structure (and Evolution)
PC3692: Physics of Stellar Structure (and Evolution)

... magnitude in the Hipparcos passband. The I-band is a filter centred around 8000Å. One striking feature is there is a sequence of stars running from the top left to the bottom right. This sequence is called main sequence. You also see a clump of to the right of the main sequence, these stars are cal ...
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... • Every output class needs substantial representation in the training set. • Overlap between classes should be minimized. • Classifier accuracy can be improved with additional information (i.e., flux in different bandpass), but not always! ...
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... Evidence for the expansion of the Universe from a hot dense initial state comes from: 1. observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation, showing that the Universe has cooled as it expanded, 2. observations of the speed of recession of galaxies, from red-shifts of their spectra. The Big Ba ...
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AST1100 Lecture Notes

... Hydrogen burning ceases, the star contracts until the temperature again is high enough for hydrogen burning. The whole process repeats, the produced helium falls on to lower layers which finally start burning helium in another helium shell flash. The star is very unstable and the repeated helium fl ...
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... Q2: Most luminous? D M5 III ...
PHYS3380_111615_bw - The University of Texas at Dallas
PHYS3380_111615_bw - The University of Texas at Dallas

... - required some revisions to models of high mass stellar evolution, which had suggested that supernovae would result from red supergiants. Now believe star was chemically poor in elements heavier than He - contracted and heated up after phase as cool, red supergiant during which it lost much of its ...
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... • The Sun contains most of the mass in the solar system and is made up primarily of hydrogen and helium. • Astronomers learn about conditions inside the Sun by a combination of observation and theoretical models. • The Sun’s atmosphere consists of the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona. • ...
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VLT/FORS Surveys of Wolf-Rayet Stars beyond the

... In contrast, Crowther et al. (2002) proposed that late spectral types follow in metal-rich environments, and early types at low metallicity due to metallicity dependent WR winds. Indeed, WO stars (extreme WC early-types) are preferentially seen at low metallicity. Consequently, the representative WC ...
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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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