Cancer treatment–related bone loss: a review and synthesis of the
... level and can reduce the rate of bone remodelling and provide skeletal protection. Thus it is not the ideal standard against which to measure the skeletal effects of AIs. In postmenopausal women, tamoxifen has been shown to preserve bone density and to reduce the rate of fracture 10–12. In premenopa ...
... level and can reduce the rate of bone remodelling and provide skeletal protection. Thus it is not the ideal standard against which to measure the skeletal effects of AIs. In postmenopausal women, tamoxifen has been shown to preserve bone density and to reduce the rate of fracture 10–12. In premenopa ...
Environmental Assessment Tool for Private Aquaculture in the
... hopefully reduce distrust and some sources of conflict between regulators, aquaculturists and other users. This assessment tool is dynamic in that it will be periodically updated as new information is available. As stated earlier, this is not a regulatory document. To assist the user, however, links ...
... hopefully reduce distrust and some sources of conflict between regulators, aquaculturists and other users. This assessment tool is dynamic in that it will be periodically updated as new information is available. As stated earlier, this is not a regulatory document. To assist the user, however, links ...
Multiple mechanisms involved in the large-spectrum
... Intracerebroventricular administration of CBD facilitates extinction in a contextual aversive conditioning model [15]. In this same paradigm, it can also impair reconsolidation, resulting in the attenuation of the aversive memory trace. In this study, the impairment of contextual fear memory did not ...
... Intracerebroventricular administration of CBD facilitates extinction in a contextual aversive conditioning model [15]. In this same paradigm, it can also impair reconsolidation, resulting in the attenuation of the aversive memory trace. In this study, the impairment of contextual fear memory did not ...
Naturally Occurring and Related Synthetic Cannabinoids and their
... of natural (11), and that they can antagonize (1), the CB1/CB2 receptor agonist, in vivo. It is, however, important to realize that (4b) and (11) behave as agonists or antagonists in a dose dependant manner [14]. As an antiemetic, (4a) has activity equal to (1) [15]. Numerous synthetic analogs of (1 ...
... of natural (11), and that they can antagonize (1), the CB1/CB2 receptor agonist, in vivo. It is, however, important to realize that (4b) and (11) behave as agonists or antagonists in a dose dependant manner [14]. As an antiemetic, (4a) has activity equal to (1) [15]. Numerous synthetic analogs of (1 ...
Traditional Indian spices and their health significance
... National Institute of Nutrition, Taranaka, Hyderabad, AP, India India has been recognized all over the world for spices and medicinal plants. Both exhibit a wide range of physiological and pharmacological properties. Current biomedical efforts are focused on their scientific merits, to provide scien ...
... National Institute of Nutrition, Taranaka, Hyderabad, AP, India India has been recognized all over the world for spices and medicinal plants. Both exhibit a wide range of physiological and pharmacological properties. Current biomedical efforts are focused on their scientific merits, to provide scien ...
acetylcholine
... Alkaloid, selective for muscarinic receptors. Causes constriction of the constrictor pupillae muscles of the iris, allowing aqueous humour to drain into trabecular meshwork. ...
... Alkaloid, selective for muscarinic receptors. Causes constriction of the constrictor pupillae muscles of the iris, allowing aqueous humour to drain into trabecular meshwork. ...
Pharmacology Section - American Epilepsy Society
... • Generally slowed by food in stomach (carbamazepine may be exception) • Usually takes several hours (important for interpreting blood levels) ...
... • Generally slowed by food in stomach (carbamazepine may be exception) • Usually takes several hours (important for interpreting blood levels) ...
Ghboost is a unique growth hormone stimulating product in that it
... metabolism. It's also well known that insulin, 21 IGF-I, 22 and GH 23 each has acute, anabolic actions on skeletal muscle protein while the glucocorticoids (for example cortisol) have a catabolic effect. Increasing levels of GH, IGF-I and increasing insulin production and sensitivity (by the use of ...
... metabolism. It's also well known that insulin, 21 IGF-I, 22 and GH 23 each has acute, anabolic actions on skeletal muscle protein while the glucocorticoids (for example cortisol) have a catabolic effect. Increasing levels of GH, IGF-I and increasing insulin production and sensitivity (by the use of ...
AMORPHOPHALLUS CAMPANULATUS AGAINST ACETAMINOPHENINDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS Research Article
... Acetaminophen is an extensively used analgesic and antipyretic drug and, though safe when used at therapeutic doses, is associated with significant hepatotoxicity when taken in overdose1. Under normal conditions, acetaminophen is primarily metabolized in the liver by glu ...
... Acetaminophen is an extensively used analgesic and antipyretic drug and, though safe when used at therapeutic doses, is associated with significant hepatotoxicity when taken in overdose1. Under normal conditions, acetaminophen is primarily metabolized in the liver by glu ...
contraindications table
... hypotensive effects QT prolonging medications (amiodarone, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants): May increase risk of prolonged QTc interval and arrhythmias CNS depressants ...
... hypotensive effects QT prolonging medications (amiodarone, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants): May increase risk of prolonged QTc interval and arrhythmias CNS depressants ...
Dextromethorphan (DXM)
... wort are all contraindicated. Medicines metabolised by the CYP2D6 enzyme, including bupropion, and medicines that bind to the NMDA receptor, including memantine, increase the risk of serious side effects. Data on interactions with illicit drugs and alcohol are not available or are very limited. It i ...
... wort are all contraindicated. Medicines metabolised by the CYP2D6 enzyme, including bupropion, and medicines that bind to the NMDA receptor, including memantine, increase the risk of serious side effects. Data on interactions with illicit drugs and alcohol are not available or are very limited. It i ...
Update on Marijuana and Cannabinoid
... All marijuana plant material, oils and resins are currently Schedule I under the US Controlled Substances Act. Schedule I includes non-pharmaceutical cannabidiol oil and plants with high CBD content (however, some CBD enthusiasts are working through a regulatory loop-hole right now) Medications cont ...
... All marijuana plant material, oils and resins are currently Schedule I under the US Controlled Substances Act. Schedule I includes non-pharmaceutical cannabidiol oil and plants with high CBD content (however, some CBD enthusiasts are working through a regulatory loop-hole right now) Medications cont ...
End Overfishing of Menhaden
... of menhaden along the East Coast. The population is now at record low levels. ...
... of menhaden along the East Coast. The population is now at record low levels. ...
The Pharmacological Basis of Cannabis Therapy for Epilepsy
... from various defects in neuronal networks in the brain that lead to recurrent seizures. Epileptic seizures are abnormal electrical discharges that can originate from a variety of brain regions and can cause alterations in behaviors, consciousness, and sensations. Epileptogenesis is the process by wh ...
... from various defects in neuronal networks in the brain that lead to recurrent seizures. Epileptic seizures are abnormal electrical discharges that can originate from a variety of brain regions and can cause alterations in behaviors, consciousness, and sensations. Epileptogenesis is the process by wh ...
article in press
... occurs when predators learn to avoid a signal with salient cues such as specific colours or patterns (or both), and then expand this aversion to other signals provided that they are similar enough to the one learnt in the first place (Darst and Cummings, 2006; Svádová et al., 2009; Ham et al., 2006). ...
... occurs when predators learn to avoid a signal with salient cues such as specific colours or patterns (or both), and then expand this aversion to other signals provided that they are similar enough to the one learnt in the first place (Darst and Cummings, 2006; Svádová et al., 2009; Ham et al., 2006). ...
BSN/Briefing 25 - British Society for Neuroendocrinology
... heroin? Probably not.” Is testosterone actually addictive in animals? Addiction is characterized by loss of control over use, such that subjects continue to seek out the drug despite adverse consequences. Other criteria to establish addiction include tolerance, withdrawal and sensitization. Thus far ...
... heroin? Probably not.” Is testosterone actually addictive in animals? Addiction is characterized by loss of control over use, such that subjects continue to seek out the drug despite adverse consequences. Other criteria to establish addiction include tolerance, withdrawal and sensitization. Thus far ...
metabolism, disposition, excretion, and pharmacokinetics of
... Chemicals. 14C-Radiolabeled levormeloxifene (3,4-trans-7-methoxy-2,2dimethyl-3-phenyl-4{4-[2-pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}chromane hydrogenfumarate) (Fig. 1) was synthesized at Amersham (Amersham, UK) and purified in the Department of Isotope Chemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S. The radiochemical purity wa ...
... Chemicals. 14C-Radiolabeled levormeloxifene (3,4-trans-7-methoxy-2,2dimethyl-3-phenyl-4{4-[2-pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}chromane hydrogenfumarate) (Fig. 1) was synthesized at Amersham (Amersham, UK) and purified in the Department of Isotope Chemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S. The radiochemical purity wa ...
Trait-Mediated Effects in Rocky Intertidal Food Chains
... The invasive green crab, Carcinus maenas, is a voracious predator common to sheltered rocky intertidal shores in southern New England. This crab's broad diet includes the herbivorous snail Littorina littorea and the carnivorous snail Nucella lapillus, two species that can strongly influence the recr ...
... The invasive green crab, Carcinus maenas, is a voracious predator common to sheltered rocky intertidal shores in southern New England. This crab's broad diet includes the herbivorous snail Littorina littorea and the carnivorous snail Nucella lapillus, two species that can strongly influence the recr ...
Ecology 2002 Fisk G sharks
... type and rate of consumption of prey items, particularly when a large number of prey items with similar stableisotope values are present. There are only a limited number of studies examining the turnover of stable isotopes in different species (Gannes et al. 1997) and often a single rate is used acr ...
... type and rate of consumption of prey items, particularly when a large number of prey items with similar stableisotope values are present. There are only a limited number of studies examining the turnover of stable isotopes in different species (Gannes et al. 1997) and often a single rate is used acr ...
Serotonin 2A Receptors Differentially Contribute to Abuse
... maintained by the unit dose of cocaine that engendered the highest response rates (0.03 mg/kg/infusion). Each round of reinstatement testing consisted of extinguishing the behavior, a reinstatement test day, and subsequently re-establishing stable cocaine self-administration. Behavior was extinguish ...
... maintained by the unit dose of cocaine that engendered the highest response rates (0.03 mg/kg/infusion). Each round of reinstatement testing consisted of extinguishing the behavior, a reinstatement test day, and subsequently re-establishing stable cocaine self-administration. Behavior was extinguish ...
Pharm Chapter 24 [4-20
... In the SR, the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) and the calcium pump (sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, SERCA), are critical to regulate contractility Contraction needs both enough calcium release into the cytoplasm to stimulate contraction, and enough calcium reuptake into the ...
... In the SR, the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) and the calcium pump (sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase, SERCA), are critical to regulate contractility Contraction needs both enough calcium release into the cytoplasm to stimulate contraction, and enough calcium reuptake into the ...
Pharmacology Study Guide - Wright State University`s College of
... There is a bit of an overlap here with Principles of Pharmacology. These questions tend to be medication (or classification) specific. There are many medications on the test and many could be. As applicable, both brand and generic names are used. We recognize the attached grid is very lengthy, but h ...
... There is a bit of an overlap here with Principles of Pharmacology. These questions tend to be medication (or classification) specific. There are many medications on the test and many could be. As applicable, both brand and generic names are used. We recognize the attached grid is very lengthy, but h ...
Can`t I Just Take a Pill For It?
... can more easily respond to increased amounts of synaptic serotonin. The extra stimulation of the 5-HT1 receptors in turn stimulates upper airway muscles and reduces apneas. In June 2003 at the 2003 Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS) Conference in Chicago*, Carley and Radulovacki reported ...
... can more easily respond to increased amounts of synaptic serotonin. The extra stimulation of the 5-HT1 receptors in turn stimulates upper airway muscles and reduces apneas. In June 2003 at the 2003 Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS) Conference in Chicago*, Carley and Radulovacki reported ...
Unique Postsynaptic Signaling at the Hair Cell Efferent Synapse
... believed that the OHCs amplify the sound-evoked motion of the basilar membrane (for review, see Dallos, 1992). The afferent input to the brain is mostly from the inner hair cells, whereas the OHCs receive a prominent efferent innervation from the brainstem that is predominantly cholinergic (for revi ...
... believed that the OHCs amplify the sound-evoked motion of the basilar membrane (for review, see Dallos, 1992). The afferent input to the brain is mostly from the inner hair cells, whereas the OHCs receive a prominent efferent innervation from the brainstem that is predominantly cholinergic (for revi ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.