combination oral contraceptive pill
... appear to be more potent than the estrane derivatives (smaller doses can be used), but otherwise differences between the estrane and gonane compounds are difficult to characterize. ...
... appear to be more potent than the estrane derivatives (smaller doses can be used), but otherwise differences between the estrane and gonane compounds are difficult to characterize. ...
biochemical pharmacology - WatCut
... average they are probably somewhat larger. Are there reasons for this? Large drug molecules are usually more difficult to obtain than small ones. Moreover, drug molecules need to reach their target sites in the human body, typically by diffusion. Diffusion through solution and particularly across an ...
... average they are probably somewhat larger. Are there reasons for this? Large drug molecules are usually more difficult to obtain than small ones. Moreover, drug molecules need to reach their target sites in the human body, typically by diffusion. Diffusion through solution and particularly across an ...
Xenobiotics must be metabolized before being excreted
... o The individual Cytochrome P450 is then denoted with a number following the letter. CYP3A1 is the 1st Cytochrome P450 of the A subfamily of the 3rd family o The nomenclature for the genes encoding the cytochrome p450 is identical to that describes above except that italics are used so the gene en ...
... o The individual Cytochrome P450 is then denoted with a number following the letter. CYP3A1 is the 1st Cytochrome P450 of the A subfamily of the 3rd family o The nomenclature for the genes encoding the cytochrome p450 is identical to that describes above except that italics are used so the gene en ...
Salvinorin A, an Active Component of the Hallucinogenic Sage
... using either G␣16 (A and B) or Gq-i5 (C and D). No responses were seen in untransfected cells or in cells transfected with hKOR alone (data not shown). Figure 2 also shows a representative dose-response study using Gq-i5 as the chimeric G protein. Because both methods seemed to yield equivalent resu ...
... using either G␣16 (A and B) or Gq-i5 (C and D). No responses were seen in untransfected cells or in cells transfected with hKOR alone (data not shown). Figure 2 also shows a representative dose-response study using Gq-i5 as the chimeric G protein. Because both methods seemed to yield equivalent resu ...
Seeing Through the MIST: Abundance Versus Percentage
... Types B, C, and D toxicities tend to be more related to mechanisms that are not for specific enzymes or receptors, but rather for non-selective effects. In many cases, the structural elements of metabolites that are associated with types B, C, and D toxicity involve the introduction of reactive elec ...
... Types B, C, and D toxicities tend to be more related to mechanisms that are not for specific enzymes or receptors, but rather for non-selective effects. In many cases, the structural elements of metabolites that are associated with types B, C, and D toxicity involve the introduction of reactive elec ...
Inhibition of Bladder Activity by 5 - Duke Statistical
... of discrete voiding contractions rather than the relatively slow increase of intravesical pressure that leads to dribbling incontinence as the compliance limits of the bladder are approached. Cystometry Methods. For transvesical cystometry, cats were anesthetized with isoflurane. Throughout the rema ...
... of discrete voiding contractions rather than the relatively slow increase of intravesical pressure that leads to dribbling incontinence as the compliance limits of the bladder are approached. Cystometry Methods. For transvesical cystometry, cats were anesthetized with isoflurane. Throughout the rema ...
Interspecific interactions in phytophagous insects revisited: a
... response variables to create a single composite effect size that assessed the overall consequence for each pair-wise species interaction. To do this, we performed a metaanalysis on all of the response variables measured and used the resulting effect size and variance as an estimate of the total herb ...
... response variables to create a single composite effect size that assessed the overall consequence for each pair-wise species interaction. To do this, we performed a metaanalysis on all of the response variables measured and used the resulting effect size and variance as an estimate of the total herb ...
The most important side effect of interferon gamma is
... (crossing of channel membranes) as a means of crossing through cellular membranes? a) Lipid solubility b) Water solubility c) Coefficienct of lipid/big water partition d) small pKa e) Affinity for a transportable system Name the way of the penetration through the membrane that needs the energy: a) F ...
... (crossing of channel membranes) as a means of crossing through cellular membranes? a) Lipid solubility b) Water solubility c) Coefficienct of lipid/big water partition d) small pKa e) Affinity for a transportable system Name the way of the penetration through the membrane that needs the energy: a) F ...
The Haunting of Medical Journals: How Ghostwriting Sold ``HRT``
... Pharmacological Treatment Options. J Am Geriatr Soc. ...
... Pharmacological Treatment Options. J Am Geriatr Soc. ...
2000 - CiteSeerX
... which decreases with N in most models. The predator’s numerical response, f, increases with consumption rate per individual, g, and might be affected positively or negatively by predator density. The functional response g is usually assumed to increase with prey density, N, and decrease (or not chan ...
... which decreases with N in most models. The predator’s numerical response, f, increases with consumption rate per individual, g, and might be affected positively or negatively by predator density. The functional response g is usually assumed to increase with prey density, N, and decrease (or not chan ...
George O`Neill 1
... • 1996: Gerra, G. et al (1996) Intravenous flumazenil following prolonged exposure to lormetazepam in humans: lack of precipitated withdrawal. ...
... • 1996: Gerra, G. et al (1996) Intravenous flumazenil following prolonged exposure to lormetazepam in humans: lack of precipitated withdrawal. ...
Drug-induced hypo- and hyperprolactinemia: mechanisms, clinical
... hormones with major functions, for example, corticosteroids. Its secretion is increased during the sleeping period and decreases in the wakeful state. In the case of corticosteroids, the pattern is reversed, increasing from the first hours in the morning. Extensive proofs emphasize that the dopamine ...
... hormones with major functions, for example, corticosteroids. Its secretion is increased during the sleeping period and decreases in the wakeful state. In the case of corticosteroids, the pattern is reversed, increasing from the first hours in the morning. Extensive proofs emphasize that the dopamine ...
Pharmacokinetics
... Contra: MAOI's Precautions: children, elderly, seizure hx, pts w/ hx of mania, renal, hepatic disease Interactions: > bleeding w/ warfarin. No MAOI's, potentially fatal reaction. Cimetidine > paroxetine plasma levels. > agitation: L-tryptophan. Phenobarbital and phytoin SE's: h ...
... Contra: MAOI's Precautions: children, elderly, seizure hx, pts w/ hx of mania, renal, hepatic disease Interactions: > bleeding w/ warfarin. No MAOI's, potentially fatal reaction. Cimetidine > paroxetine plasma levels. > agitation: L-tryptophan. Phenobarbital and phytoin
How Marijuana Works article and questions
... bloodstream, THC typically reaches the brain within seconds after it is inhaled and begins to go to work. Marijuana users often describe the experience of smoking marijuana as initially relaxing and mellow, creating a feeling of haziness and light-headedness. The user's eyes may dilate, causing colo ...
... bloodstream, THC typically reaches the brain within seconds after it is inhaled and begins to go to work. Marijuana users often describe the experience of smoking marijuana as initially relaxing and mellow, creating a feeling of haziness and light-headedness. The user's eyes may dilate, causing colo ...
Data Sheet
... than, those of lignocaine. GX has a longer half-life (about 10 hours) than lignocaine and may accumulate during long-term administration. Approximately 90% of the lignocaine administrated intravenously is excreted in the form of various metabolites, and less than 10 % is excreted unchanged in the ur ...
... than, those of lignocaine. GX has a longer half-life (about 10 hours) than lignocaine and may accumulate during long-term administration. Approximately 90% of the lignocaine administrated intravenously is excreted in the form of various metabolites, and less than 10 % is excreted unchanged in the ur ...
CLENBUTEROL TABLETS 40mcg/tab
... Clenbuterol is a prescribed Asthma medication which is catabolic to fat and anabolic to muscle. Clenbuterol’s most valid application seems to be as a pre-contest, cutting drug. It is a Beta-2 adrenergic agonist. This means it acts just like adrenaline (epinephrine) at a certain type of receptor name ...
... Clenbuterol is a prescribed Asthma medication which is catabolic to fat and anabolic to muscle. Clenbuterol’s most valid application seems to be as a pre-contest, cutting drug. It is a Beta-2 adrenergic agonist. This means it acts just like adrenaline (epinephrine) at a certain type of receptor name ...
The Rational Use of Drugs - Part 4
... [D]free + EC50 The term “efficacy” refers to the maximal response of a drug. The greater the maximal response, the greater the efficacy. The more effectively a drug engages signal-transduction systems in a cell per unit receptor occupied, the greater is the efficacy of that drug. ...
... [D]free + EC50 The term “efficacy” refers to the maximal response of a drug. The greater the maximal response, the greater the efficacy. The more effectively a drug engages signal-transduction systems in a cell per unit receptor occupied, the greater is the efficacy of that drug. ...
Barbiturate
... While barbituric acid itself does not have any direct effect on the central nervous system, chemists have derived over 2,500 compounds from it that possess pharmacologically active qualities. The broad class of barbiturates is further broken down and classified according to speed of onset and durati ...
... While barbituric acid itself does not have any direct effect on the central nervous system, chemists have derived over 2,500 compounds from it that possess pharmacologically active qualities. The broad class of barbiturates is further broken down and classified according to speed of onset and durati ...
Phar 722 Pharmacy Practice III
... – Post-menopausal women are at increased risk from osteoporosis because they no longer are producing estrogen. ...
... – Post-menopausal women are at increased risk from osteoporosis because they no longer are producing estrogen. ...
Effects of ivermectin in dairy discharges on terrestrial and aquatic
... eprinomectin molecule is structurally very similar to that of ivermectin but is more potent against internal parasites and partitions away from fat, indicating that it is not associated with milk and therefore can be used in lactating cattle. In terms of its potential environmental impact on inverte ...
... eprinomectin molecule is structurally very similar to that of ivermectin but is more potent against internal parasites and partitions away from fat, indicating that it is not associated with milk and therefore can be used in lactating cattle. In terms of its potential environmental impact on inverte ...
- EJC Supplements
... evolve: In 1962, Jensen and Jacobson [8] demonstrated that [3H]oestradiol bound to oestrogen target tissue including uterus, vagina and pituitary gland in the female rat. Further work confirmed the oestrogen receptor’s (ER) role as a nuclear protein and transcripton factor [9–11]. More importantly fo ...
... evolve: In 1962, Jensen and Jacobson [8] demonstrated that [3H]oestradiol bound to oestrogen target tissue including uterus, vagina and pituitary gland in the female rat. Further work confirmed the oestrogen receptor’s (ER) role as a nuclear protein and transcripton factor [9–11]. More importantly fo ...
Drug-Induced Cardiomyopathies
... severe contractile dysfunction, and potentially fatal cardiac insufficiency (Zuppinger et al. 2007). Three distinct types of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity have been described (Shan et al. 1996). First, acute or subacute injury can occur immediately after treatment. This rare form of cardiotox ...
... severe contractile dysfunction, and potentially fatal cardiac insufficiency (Zuppinger et al. 2007). Three distinct types of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity have been described (Shan et al. 1996). First, acute or subacute injury can occur immediately after treatment. This rare form of cardiotox ...
11521/16 JV/tt 1 DGD 2C Following the Council`s request to conduct
... available information on MDMB-CHMICA, and in accordance with Article 5 of the Council Decision, on 14 April 2016 the EMCDDA and Europol submitted a Joint Report on MDMBCHMICA 6 to the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Taking into account ...
... available information on MDMB-CHMICA, and in accordance with Article 5 of the Council Decision, on 14 April 2016 the EMCDDA and Europol submitted a Joint Report on MDMBCHMICA 6 to the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Taking into account ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.