Pregnane X Receptor Up-Regulation of P
... treatment were processed without primary antibody, and these showed only background fluorescence. Immunofluorescence was visualized by confocal microscopy (model 510 laser scanning confocal microscope; Zeiss, Welwyn Garden City, UK). For quantitation of p-glycoprotein immunofluorescence, confocal im ...
... treatment were processed without primary antibody, and these showed only background fluorescence. Immunofluorescence was visualized by confocal microscopy (model 510 laser scanning confocal microscope; Zeiss, Welwyn Garden City, UK). For quantitation of p-glycoprotein immunofluorescence, confocal im ...
Minireview The Neurokinin-1 Receptor in Addictive Processes
... There is a large body of literature, and many excellent reviews, outlining the role of CRH in drug-seeking and drugtaking behaviors, and those are not outlined in detail here (see, for example, Sarnyai et al., 2001; Heilig and Koob, 2007; Koob, 2010; Koob and Zorrilla, 2010; Shalev et al., 2010). Gi ...
... There is a large body of literature, and many excellent reviews, outlining the role of CRH in drug-seeking and drugtaking behaviors, and those are not outlined in detail here (see, for example, Sarnyai et al., 2001; Heilig and Koob, 2007; Koob, 2010; Koob and Zorrilla, 2010; Shalev et al., 2010). Gi ...
Bar or Bargad Ficus benghalensis L.
... those who ate papaya at least once a week were less likely to have chronic infections with human papilloma virus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted disease. In laboratory studies, topical application of papain has also shown some antibacterial properties, which may be due to papain’s interference ...
... those who ate papaya at least once a week were less likely to have chronic infections with human papilloma virus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted disease. In laboratory studies, topical application of papain has also shown some antibacterial properties, which may be due to papain’s interference ...
Thyroid medication (desiccated )
... Hypothyroidism is the condition where your thyroid produces too few hormones and account for some 80 percent of all people with thyroid disease. Hyperthyroidism is the reverse problem, where your thyroid is overactive, producing too much thyroid hormone. ...
... Hypothyroidism is the condition where your thyroid produces too few hormones and account for some 80 percent of all people with thyroid disease. Hyperthyroidism is the reverse problem, where your thyroid is overactive, producing too much thyroid hormone. ...
5-hydroxytryptamine1a-like receptor activation in the bed nucleus of
... regions are reciprocally connected (Petit et al., 1995; Vertes et al., 1994), and serotonergic axons from the dorsal raphe nucleus preferentially target neurons of the anterior BNST (Commons et al., 2003; Phelix et al., 1992a,b). Moreover, 5-HT levels increase in forebrain regions in response to str ...
... regions are reciprocally connected (Petit et al., 1995; Vertes et al., 1994), and serotonergic axons from the dorsal raphe nucleus preferentially target neurons of the anterior BNST (Commons et al., 2003; Phelix et al., 1992a,b). Moreover, 5-HT levels increase in forebrain regions in response to str ...
Guide to Fisheries Science and Stock Assessments
... interstate fisheries management programs is the primary role of the Commission, with stock assessments forming the basis of these programs. The Commission assesses fish stocks to determine their status, to evaluate how they may be affected by potential management actions, and to forecast their futur ...
... interstate fisheries management programs is the primary role of the Commission, with stock assessments forming the basis of these programs. The Commission assesses fish stocks to determine their status, to evaluate how they may be affected by potential management actions, and to forecast their futur ...
IPEC EUROPE `HOW-TO׳ DOCUMENT Guidelines of 19 March
... However, implementation of the Guidelines poses a number of challenges. For example, it should be recognised that quality systems applied during the manufacture of pharmaceutical excipients are diverse and generally based on the material’s intended use which may not be primarily as a pharmaceutical ...
... However, implementation of the Guidelines poses a number of challenges. For example, it should be recognised that quality systems applied during the manufacture of pharmaceutical excipients are diverse and generally based on the material’s intended use which may not be primarily as a pharmaceutical ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... almost odorless. It mimics some of the actions of dopamine, although not readily metabolized as is dopamine. It is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 receptor agonist exerting an inhibitory effect on the turnover of serotonin in the central nervous system (1); it also acts as an inhibitor of prolactin secr ...
... almost odorless. It mimics some of the actions of dopamine, although not readily metabolized as is dopamine. It is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 receptor agonist exerting an inhibitory effect on the turnover of serotonin in the central nervous system (1); it also acts as an inhibitor of prolactin secr ...
Pharmacology GI – Cards
... Name: Famotidine (Pepcid) Class: H2 Receptor Antagonist Mech.: Competitive inhib. of the histamine H2 receptor, but not of the H1 receptor → inhib. of fasting and stim. acid secretion. No disruption of circadian rhythm of acid secretion. Inhib. of 80-90% of gastrin and vagal-stim. acid secretion. A ...
... Name: Famotidine (Pepcid) Class: H2 Receptor Antagonist Mech.: Competitive inhib. of the histamine H2 receptor, but not of the H1 receptor → inhib. of fasting and stim. acid secretion. No disruption of circadian rhythm of acid secretion. Inhib. of 80-90% of gastrin and vagal-stim. acid secretion. A ...
CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 IS THE MAJOR ENZYME RESPONSIBLE
... (unpublished results). Furthermore, the compound seems to be eliminated by metabolism, and both hydroxylated and demethylated products have been detected in urine from all the studied species. Hydroxylation and demethylation are reactions known to be catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes ( ...
... (unpublished results). Furthermore, the compound seems to be eliminated by metabolism, and both hydroxylated and demethylated products have been detected in urine from all the studied species. Hydroxylation and demethylation are reactions known to be catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes ( ...
Opioid Receptors and Legal Highs - The Salvia divinorum Research
... cord and brain. Stimulation of the kappa- receptor produces psychotomimesis, diuresis and spinal analgesia, but does not result in respiratory depression. Salvinorin A has been demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition ...
... cord and brain. Stimulation of the kappa- receptor produces psychotomimesis, diuresis and spinal analgesia, but does not result in respiratory depression. Salvinorin A has been demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition ...
Highly Toxic Ribbon Worm Cephalothrix simula Containing
... Nemerteans are mostly marine, soft-bodied, vermiform invertebrates distributed worldwide, often inhabiting under rocks, among sessile organisms or within various sediments along coastal areas [1]. With approximately 1200 known species [2], they comprise the phylum Nemertea, which is classified into ...
... Nemerteans are mostly marine, soft-bodied, vermiform invertebrates distributed worldwide, often inhabiting under rocks, among sessile organisms or within various sediments along coastal areas [1]. With approximately 1200 known species [2], they comprise the phylum Nemertea, which is classified into ...
Fluorine in medicine (PDF Available)
... molecules exercise an influence on their properties and activities. The replacement of a hydrogen atom and/or a hydroxyl group by a fluorine atom are common strategies in drug development (Alkorta et al. 2000). Fluorine substitution in a drug molecule can influence not only pharmacokinetic propertie ...
... molecules exercise an influence on their properties and activities. The replacement of a hydrogen atom and/or a hydroxyl group by a fluorine atom are common strategies in drug development (Alkorta et al. 2000). Fluorine substitution in a drug molecule can influence not only pharmacokinetic propertie ...
Volume 48 Number 4
... Toxicology. Those of you with email will receive an email when the election opens and will be given the link to use to access the ballot. You may also access the ballot from the Members Only section of the ASPET web site. Your email will list the Divisions in which you are eligible to vote. If you d ...
... Toxicology. Those of you with email will receive an email when the election opens and will be given the link to use to access the ballot. You may also access the ballot from the Members Only section of the ASPET web site. Your email will list the Divisions in which you are eligible to vote. If you d ...
Full text - FNWI (Science) Education Service Centre
... Migraine is a chronic condition of recurrent, throbbing headache generally felt on one side of the head but can also switch from one side to another. Migraines usually begin in early childhood adolescence or young adult life. The headache is characteristically accompanied by nausea, vomiting or loss ...
... Migraine is a chronic condition of recurrent, throbbing headache generally felt on one side of the head but can also switch from one side to another. Migraines usually begin in early childhood adolescence or young adult life. The headache is characteristically accompanied by nausea, vomiting or loss ...
Is there a role for EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in recurrent
... Cohort A will include 32 patients at first recurrence with EGFRVIII mutations. Cohort B will include 32 patients at first recurrence with EGFR gene amplification but no EGFRVIII mutation ...
... Cohort A will include 32 patients at first recurrence with EGFRVIII mutations. Cohort B will include 32 patients at first recurrence with EGFR gene amplification but no EGFRVIII mutation ...
melanoma Aspirin and other NSAIDs as chemoprevention agents in
... therapeutics, most patients with metastatic melanoma ultimately succumb to their disease (4). It is clear that melanoma prevention (or early detection) is favorable to melanoma therapy for advanced disease. Skin screening (i.e. secondary prevention) has traditionally been targeted to patients at hig ...
... therapeutics, most patients with metastatic melanoma ultimately succumb to their disease (4). It is clear that melanoma prevention (or early detection) is favorable to melanoma therapy for advanced disease. Skin screening (i.e. secondary prevention) has traditionally been targeted to patients at hig ...
Thyroid and Parathyroid Agents
... be the drug of choice because it has fewer adverse effects than the other agents and surgery. The patient should be monitored closely for the development of hypothyroidism, which usually occurs within a year after initiation of antithyroid therapy. Older adults may have dietary deficiencies related ...
... be the drug of choice because it has fewer adverse effects than the other agents and surgery. The patient should be monitored closely for the development of hypothyroidism, which usually occurs within a year after initiation of antithyroid therapy. Older adults may have dietary deficiencies related ...
Goyder Institute for Water Research Technical Report Series No. 15/45
... of the greatest challenges for condition assessment, particularly where attempting to detect departures from natural variation. This does not imply that atypical variation is necessarily detrimental, nor does it imply that it is always unnatural. Separating atypical from natural variation is imperat ...
... of the greatest challenges for condition assessment, particularly where attempting to detect departures from natural variation. This does not imply that atypical variation is necessarily detrimental, nor does it imply that it is always unnatural. Separating atypical from natural variation is imperat ...
LMX4 SmPC SOP FPL21 Appendix version-3
... should be used with caution in patients who may be more sensitive to the systemic effects of lidocaine including acutely ill, debilitated, or elderly patients. Lidocaine coming in contact with the eye should be avoided because animal studies have demonstrated severe eye irritation. Also the loss of ...
... should be used with caution in patients who may be more sensitive to the systemic effects of lidocaine including acutely ill, debilitated, or elderly patients. Lidocaine coming in contact with the eye should be avoided because animal studies have demonstrated severe eye irritation. Also the loss of ...
Hypoglossal Nerve Response to 5-HT3 Drugs Injected into the XII
... Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River) weighing 320-390g were used. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Pennsylvania. ...
... Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River) weighing 320-390g were used. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Pennsylvania. ...
Homebrew equipoise 200mg/ml for Muscle Builing Boldenone
... that of the various testosterones. Of course some sensitive individuals may still experience estrogenic effects (or those using extremely high doses). In this case the addition of Nolvadex should be considered - with Arimadex being a stronger option. ...
... that of the various testosterones. Of course some sensitive individuals may still experience estrogenic effects (or those using extremely high doses). In this case the addition of Nolvadex should be considered - with Arimadex being a stronger option. ...
RISK PROFILE of acetanilide
... Acetanilide is no longer used as a drug in its own right, but the success of its metabolite – paracetamol (acetaminophen) – is well known as a safer alternative (9). Thus, the following observations might be relevant for total exposure assessments. Using painkillers such as ibuprofen, aspirin and pa ...
... Acetanilide is no longer used as a drug in its own right, but the success of its metabolite – paracetamol (acetaminophen) – is well known as a safer alternative (9). Thus, the following observations might be relevant for total exposure assessments. Using painkillers such as ibuprofen, aspirin and pa ...
Pharmaceutical Water Screening Values Report (PDF)
... LTD calculation. Doses that were part of a gradual increase towards the target dose over a period of a few days to acclimate the individual to the API were also not considered for use in the LTD calculations. Doses were most often expressed as milligrams per day (mg/day) on the label. MDH converted ...
... LTD calculation. Doses that were part of a gradual increase towards the target dose over a period of a few days to acclimate the individual to the API were also not considered for use in the LTD calculations. Doses were most often expressed as milligrams per day (mg/day) on the label. MDH converted ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.