Impact of amiodarone and cisapride on simulated human ventricular
... Both drugs show similar prolongation of the QT interval, although they present different electrophysiological properties in the single-cell as well as in tissue simulations of cardiac excitation propagation. These computer simulations help to better understand the underlying mechanisms responsible f ...
... Both drugs show similar prolongation of the QT interval, although they present different electrophysiological properties in the single-cell as well as in tissue simulations of cardiac excitation propagation. These computer simulations help to better understand the underlying mechanisms responsible f ...
Estriol - HormoneBalance.org
... 6 hours, thus causing less of an effect than the more stimulatory estradiol and estrone which bind to the ER for a longer period of time, 24 hours. Estriol acts as a weak estrogen in the breast, endometrium and liver while having full estrogenic responses in the vaginal and bladder epithelium (Kuhl ...
... 6 hours, thus causing less of an effect than the more stimulatory estradiol and estrone which bind to the ER for a longer period of time, 24 hours. Estriol acts as a weak estrogen in the breast, endometrium and liver while having full estrogenic responses in the vaginal and bladder epithelium (Kuhl ...
- University of Essex Research Repository
... kairomones, allelochemicals or pheromones play a crucial role in food web interactions. Such chemicals can be exploited by an individual in order to find prey or mates, or to avoid predators. Consequently, chemically mediated interactions can have a strong effect on community structure and population ...
... kairomones, allelochemicals or pheromones play a crucial role in food web interactions. Such chemicals can be exploited by an individual in order to find prey or mates, or to avoid predators. Consequently, chemically mediated interactions can have a strong effect on community structure and population ...
Traditional Chinese Medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis
... metabolism at high concentrations (Komoroski et al., 2004). Several studies have also suggested that hyperforin or St. John’s Wort can also affect the drug transporter multidrug resistance protein 1/P-glycoprotein (Dresser et al., 2003; Weber et al., 2004). Dan-Shen (Radix salviae Miltiorhizae), a T ...
... metabolism at high concentrations (Komoroski et al., 2004). Several studies have also suggested that hyperforin or St. John’s Wort can also affect the drug transporter multidrug resistance protein 1/P-glycoprotein (Dresser et al., 2003; Weber et al., 2004). Dan-Shen (Radix salviae Miltiorhizae), a T ...
Angiotensin II Increases Norepinephrine Release
... Klaus,16 does not appear in the presence of /3-adrenergic receptor antagonists, may therefore be caused by an increase of the local norepinephrine concentration. However, a direct influence of the peptide on calcium channels has also been suggested.1718 The first aim of this study was to determine w ...
... Klaus,16 does not appear in the presence of /3-adrenergic receptor antagonists, may therefore be caused by an increase of the local norepinephrine concentration. However, a direct influence of the peptide on calcium channels has also been suggested.1718 The first aim of this study was to determine w ...
Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa Constituent
... to decrease inflammation and to present neuroprotective effects [14][15]. Another similar mechanism has also been reported for CBD, according to which this cannabinoid could block anandamide uptake and inhibit its enzymatic hydrolysis [16]. Few studies have been completed concerning the safety and s ...
... to decrease inflammation and to present neuroprotective effects [14][15]. Another similar mechanism has also been reported for CBD, according to which this cannabinoid could block anandamide uptake and inhibit its enzymatic hydrolysis [16]. Few studies have been completed concerning the safety and s ...
Intro to Inhibitors-MM edition-final
... in an effort to understand the origin of their biological properties. A powerful complement to the assessment of these agents is the preparation and subsequent examination of key partial structures, deep-seated structural modifications and the corresponding unnatural enantiomers of natural products. ...
... in an effort to understand the origin of their biological properties. A powerful complement to the assessment of these agents is the preparation and subsequent examination of key partial structures, deep-seated structural modifications and the corresponding unnatural enantiomers of natural products. ...
Introduction to Inhibitors
... in an effort to understand the origin of their biological properties. A powerful complement to the assessment of these agents is the preparation and subsequent examination of key partial structures, deep-seated structural modifications and the corresponding unnatural enantiomers of natural products. ...
... in an effort to understand the origin of their biological properties. A powerful complement to the assessment of these agents is the preparation and subsequent examination of key partial structures, deep-seated structural modifications and the corresponding unnatural enantiomers of natural products. ...
TURNER, JEFFERSON T., AND PATRICIA A. TESTER. Toxic marine
... Diarrhetic shellfish poisons (see Yasumoto 1990) include okadaic acid and several other lipid-soluble toxins, and are produced by some species of the dinoflagellae genera Dinophysis and Prorocentrum. These toxins inhibit protein phosphatase and act directly on specific enzyme subunits, affecting reg ...
... Diarrhetic shellfish poisons (see Yasumoto 1990) include okadaic acid and several other lipid-soluble toxins, and are produced by some species of the dinoflagellae genera Dinophysis and Prorocentrum. These toxins inhibit protein phosphatase and act directly on specific enzyme subunits, affecting reg ...
Neurochemical regulation of pair bonding in male
... icv administration of drugs, recent work has revealed important roles for specific brain nuclei in the neuropeptide regulation of this behavior. As noted above, AVP manipulation in LS regulates partner preference formation in male prairie voles [56]. This result was expected, as prairie vole LS not ...
... icv administration of drugs, recent work has revealed important roles for specific brain nuclei in the neuropeptide regulation of this behavior. As noted above, AVP manipulation in LS regulates partner preference formation in male prairie voles [56]. This result was expected, as prairie vole LS not ...
PhD thesis
... endocrine effects, and on effects observed in humans and wildlife both in subpopulation being exposed to relatively high levels of chemicals, but also the effects observed in the normal population. ...
... endocrine effects, and on effects observed in humans and wildlife both in subpopulation being exposed to relatively high levels of chemicals, but also the effects observed in the normal population. ...
Glycine receptors in the central nervous system
... and addiction have contributed to the extensive investigations of this substance. Despite great efforts there is still uncertainty concerning how alcohol exerts its effects and the mechanisms behind the transition from consumption to addiction. However, substantial evidence proposes involvement of t ...
... and addiction have contributed to the extensive investigations of this substance. Despite great efforts there is still uncertainty concerning how alcohol exerts its effects and the mechanisms behind the transition from consumption to addiction. However, substantial evidence proposes involvement of t ...
HUMAN PHARMACOLOGY AYAHUASCA Director de la Tesi:
... widely used by the indigenous peoples of northwestern South America. The area of use has been estimated to extend from Panama to Amazonian Peru and Bolivia and from the coastal areas of Colombia and Ecuador to the Río Negro in Brazil (Ott, 1993). While the term ayahuasca, which also designates the p ...
... widely used by the indigenous peoples of northwestern South America. The area of use has been estimated to extend from Panama to Amazonian Peru and Bolivia and from the coastal areas of Colombia and Ecuador to the Río Negro in Brazil (Ott, 1993). While the term ayahuasca, which also designates the p ...
Non-lethal effects of predation in birds
... effects (trait-mediated effects or interactions), where behavioural compensation to predation risk occurs, such as animals avoiding areas of high predation risk. Studies of invertebrates, fish and amphibians have shown that non-lethal effects may be larger than lethal effects in determining the beha ...
... effects (trait-mediated effects or interactions), where behavioural compensation to predation risk occurs, such as animals avoiding areas of high predation risk. Studies of invertebrates, fish and amphibians have shown that non-lethal effects may be larger than lethal effects in determining the beha ...
Related File
... Since officers started carrying Narcan in October 2010, 163 doses have been administered, resulting in 157 overdose reversals. In the 18 months before October 2010, there were 46 overdose related deaths. In the 18 months after the implementation of the Narcan program there were 22 overdose related ...
... Since officers started carrying Narcan in October 2010, 163 doses have been administered, resulting in 157 overdose reversals. In the 18 months before October 2010, there were 46 overdose related deaths. In the 18 months after the implementation of the Narcan program there were 22 overdose related ...
Untitled - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... fundamental question: what kinds of information do they convey? One answer to this question is ...
... fundamental question: what kinds of information do they convey? One answer to this question is ...
Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)
... best dose of the drug to use to raise endorphins without blocking them at the same time… … The reason the hour is important is that 90% of the endorphins are made in the middle of the night, between 2 and 4 in the morning. If a small dose of naltrexone is taken in the late evening, generally at bedt ...
... best dose of the drug to use to raise endorphins without blocking them at the same time… … The reason the hour is important is that 90% of the endorphins are made in the middle of the night, between 2 and 4 in the morning. If a small dose of naltrexone is taken in the late evening, generally at bedt ...
Chapter 6 - ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MERCURY
... Studies of mercury in wild birds can be divided into three categories: eggs and reproduction, liver and other organs, and feathers. In the 1960’s great concern over reproductive failures of many avian species prompted studies of various contaminant levels in eggs, particularly in eggs that failed to ...
... Studies of mercury in wild birds can be divided into three categories: eggs and reproduction, liver and other organs, and feathers. In the 1960’s great concern over reproductive failures of many avian species prompted studies of various contaminant levels in eggs, particularly in eggs that failed to ...
Methadone Maintenance A Practical Guide to Pharmacotherapy
... achieved (potential for accumulated toxicity) • Methadone induction is a dangerous period for risk of overdose Most programs recommend at least 5 days between dose adjustments in the range of 5–10 mg. More rapid dose escalations could be achieved by daily monitoring 3–4 hours post ingestion (peak me ...
... achieved (potential for accumulated toxicity) • Methadone induction is a dangerous period for risk of overdose Most programs recommend at least 5 days between dose adjustments in the range of 5–10 mg. More rapid dose escalations could be achieved by daily monitoring 3–4 hours post ingestion (peak me ...
Testimony of Dr. Thomas Perls
... adult deficiency due to rare pituitary tumors or their treatment; and ...
... adult deficiency due to rare pituitary tumors or their treatment; and ...
Low potential of dobutamine and dopexamine to block intestinal
... to the muscularis, which may lead to mucosal dysfunction, promote bacterial translocation, and eventually give rise to multiple organ failure (8, 9). A well-established action of the older catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine on the gut, which may limit their therapeutic usefulness, is the ...
... to the muscularis, which may lead to mucosal dysfunction, promote bacterial translocation, and eventually give rise to multiple organ failure (8, 9). A well-established action of the older catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine on the gut, which may limit their therapeutic usefulness, is the ...
Effect of levetiracetam on penicillin induced epileptic activity in rats
... the synapse morphology were normal in SV2A knockout mice (Crowder et al. 1999). Another study showed that SV2 proteins are not essential for synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter current or storage but they are important during synaptic activation (seizure activity) by regulating Ca2+ dynamics in ...
... the synapse morphology were normal in SV2A knockout mice (Crowder et al. 1999). Another study showed that SV2 proteins are not essential for synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter current or storage but they are important during synaptic activation (seizure activity) by regulating Ca2+ dynamics in ...
M7 Step 4 Assessment and control of DNA reactive (mutagenic
... the bacterial mutagenicity assay is used to assess the mutagenic potential and the need for controls. Structure-based assessments are useful for predicting bacterial mutagenicity outcomes based upon the established knowledge. There are a variety of approaches to conduct this evaluation including a r ...
... the bacterial mutagenicity assay is used to assess the mutagenic potential and the need for controls. Structure-based assessments are useful for predicting bacterial mutagenicity outcomes based upon the established knowledge. There are a variety of approaches to conduct this evaluation including a r ...
patrick_tb_ch21
... Feedback: The aromatic ring interacts with an extra hydrophobic binding region by van der Waals interactions. This is the main reason for the increased activity although the increased hydrophobicity should also increase the levels of drug crossing the blood brain barrier. Aromatic rings are hydropho ...
... Feedback: The aromatic ring interacts with an extra hydrophobic binding region by van der Waals interactions. This is the main reason for the increased activity although the increased hydrophobicity should also increase the levels of drug crossing the blood brain barrier. Aromatic rings are hydropho ...
Toxicodynamics
Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.