Runions et al - Oxford Academic
... observed in GFP-HDEL expressing plants. These sheets remain connected in a network by normal-appearing ER tubules and plants appear unaffected by the change in ER morphology. When activated, the calnexin-PAGFP (CXPAGFP) construct fluorescently marks the ER membrane and, if a small enough region of m ...
... observed in GFP-HDEL expressing plants. These sheets remain connected in a network by normal-appearing ER tubules and plants appear unaffected by the change in ER morphology. When activated, the calnexin-PAGFP (CXPAGFP) construct fluorescently marks the ER membrane and, if a small enough region of m ...
unresponsive to cell division control by polypeptide mating hormone
... of a-factor, and was incubated for 1 h at 22°C . The other part was adjusted to 2.6 x 106 cells/ml and was incubated 2 h at 34°C ; at the end of the 34°C preincubation, this culture received 100 U/ml of a-factor and was incubated for 1 h more at 34°C . Both cultures received 100,ug/ml cycloheximide ...
... of a-factor, and was incubated for 1 h at 22°C . The other part was adjusted to 2.6 x 106 cells/ml and was incubated 2 h at 34°C ; at the end of the 34°C preincubation, this culture received 100 U/ml of a-factor and was incubated for 1 h more at 34°C . Both cultures received 100,ug/ml cycloheximide ...
Introduction to Anatomy ontologies
... Why build an anatomy ontology? A simple example Number of genes annotated to each of the following brain parts in an ontology: ...
... Why build an anatomy ontology? A simple example Number of genes annotated to each of the following brain parts in an ontology: ...
The putative phosphatase All1758 is necessary for normal growth
... cell division genes ftsX and ftsY may be indicative of a role for all1758 in cell division. Taken together, these results suggest that the protein encoded by all1758 may represent a link between cell growth, division and regulation of the morphological differentiation of heterocysts. ...
... cell division genes ftsX and ftsY may be indicative of a role for all1758 in cell division. Taken together, these results suggest that the protein encoded by all1758 may represent a link between cell growth, division and regulation of the morphological differentiation of heterocysts. ...
CDP1, a novel component of chloroplast division site
... division site determining mechanism in chloroplasts in higher plants is somewhat different from that of bacteria. In this paper, we report the identification of a novel chloroplast division site determinant factor, chloroplast division site positioning 1 (AtCDP1), in Arabidopsis. Like ARC6, AtCDP1 i ...
... division site determining mechanism in chloroplasts in higher plants is somewhat different from that of bacteria. In this paper, we report the identification of a novel chloroplast division site determinant factor, chloroplast division site positioning 1 (AtCDP1), in Arabidopsis. Like ARC6, AtCDP1 i ...
Physiological Aspects Of Neuromuscular Transmission
... It employs the neurotransmitter nor epinephrine, other mono amines & neuropeptides. They act through second messenger system such as cyclic AMP. The receptor is not an ion gate but an integral protein associated with a Gprotein. ...
... It employs the neurotransmitter nor epinephrine, other mono amines & neuropeptides. They act through second messenger system such as cyclic AMP. The receptor is not an ion gate but an integral protein associated with a Gprotein. ...
Biological membranes - Essays in Biochemistry
... 1b from Lippincott-Schwartz, J., Snapp, E. and Kenworthy, A. (2001) Studying protein dynamics in living cells. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 444–456. © 2015 Authors. This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0. ...
... 1b from Lippincott-Schwartz, J., Snapp, E. and Kenworthy, A. (2001) Studying protein dynamics in living cells. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 444–456. © 2015 Authors. This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0. ...
Auxin Auxins are a class of plant growth substance (often called
... auxins such as 2,4-D and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) have been used as herbicides. Broad-leaf plants (dicots) such as dandelions are much more susceptible to auxins than narrow-leaf plants (monocots) like grass and cereal crops. Hormonal activity: Auxins coordinate development at all ...
... auxins such as 2,4-D and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) have been used as herbicides. Broad-leaf plants (dicots) such as dandelions are much more susceptible to auxins than narrow-leaf plants (monocots) like grass and cereal crops. Hormonal activity: Auxins coordinate development at all ...
Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of O
... in a time- and dose-dependent manner and with a higher efficiency than DFO. Mitotic index was also strongly decreased by TRX and, unexpectedly, DFO inhibited mitotic activity to the same extent as TRX, thus there is a discrepancy between the slight reduction in DNA synthesis and a large decrease in ...
... in a time- and dose-dependent manner and with a higher efficiency than DFO. Mitotic index was also strongly decreased by TRX and, unexpectedly, DFO inhibited mitotic activity to the same extent as TRX, thus there is a discrepancy between the slight reduction in DNA synthesis and a large decrease in ...
Anti-OPN Monoclonal Antibodies as Probes of OPN Structure and
... used uncloned hybridomas because of our desire to identify MAbs that might not be effectively detected by Western Blotting or ELISAs (because the relevant epitope was bound to the plastic or PVDF membrane). Thus we use two additional screening methodologies to detect antigen-antibody associations fr ...
... used uncloned hybridomas because of our desire to identify MAbs that might not be effectively detected by Western Blotting or ELISAs (because the relevant epitope was bound to the plastic or PVDF membrane). Thus we use two additional screening methodologies to detect antigen-antibody associations fr ...
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... Mycoplasmas (class Mollicutes) are the smallest and simplest self-replicating bacteria (82). These microorganisms lack a rigid cell wall and are bound by a single membrane, the plasma membrane. Wall-less bacteria were first described 100 years ago, and now over 190 species, widely distributed among ...
... Mycoplasmas (class Mollicutes) are the smallest and simplest self-replicating bacteria (82). These microorganisms lack a rigid cell wall and are bound by a single membrane, the plasma membrane. Wall-less bacteria were first described 100 years ago, and now over 190 species, widely distributed among ...
生醫奈米影像技術
... first excited state. Hence, emission spectra are generally independent of the excitation wavelength (some fluorophores emit from higher energy states, but such activity is rare). The shorter wavelength ultraviolet absorption peak (310 nanometers) is due to an excitation transition to the second exci ...
... first excited state. Hence, emission spectra are generally independent of the excitation wavelength (some fluorophores emit from higher energy states, but such activity is rare). The shorter wavelength ultraviolet absorption peak (310 nanometers) is due to an excitation transition to the second exci ...
Plastid division
... to all of the cells within the body of the plant, proplastids act as the progenitor plastid for all types of plastids found throughout the plant. The fact that proplastids reside in cells which are undergoing rapid cell division, with a short cell cycle, requires them to divide and be segregated to ...
... to all of the cells within the body of the plant, proplastids act as the progenitor plastid for all types of plastids found throughout the plant. The fact that proplastids reside in cells which are undergoing rapid cell division, with a short cell cycle, requires them to divide and be segregated to ...
Plant Oligosaccharides – Outsiders among Elicitors?
... It has been more than 40 years since the discovery of the biological activity of oligosaccharide fragments of plant cell wall polysaccharides [1, 2]. Identification of the regulatory role of these compounds was associated with the study of the interaction of plants with pathogens. The cell wall poly ...
... It has been more than 40 years since the discovery of the biological activity of oligosaccharide fragments of plant cell wall polysaccharides [1, 2]. Identification of the regulatory role of these compounds was associated with the study of the interaction of plants with pathogens. The cell wall poly ...
Microscopy and Cytology
... In today’s lab you will be viewing tissue samples from plants and animals under the microscope and identifying the various cellular organelles found in each cell type. Because you may be somewhat unfamiliar with the organelles of the cell, it is highly encouraged that you review your textbook for mo ...
... In today’s lab you will be viewing tissue samples from plants and animals under the microscope and identifying the various cellular organelles found in each cell type. Because you may be somewhat unfamiliar with the organelles of the cell, it is highly encouraged that you review your textbook for mo ...
Multiple mechanisms determine the order of APC/C substrate
... endogenous locus with a C-terminal GFP. In these strains, the spindle pole body (SPB) component Spc42 was also tagged at its endogenous locus with C-terminal mCherry. After their duplication in early S phase, SPBs display two distinctive behaviors that serve as useful indices of mitotic timing: firs ...
... endogenous locus with a C-terminal GFP. In these strains, the spindle pole body (SPB) component Spc42 was also tagged at its endogenous locus with C-terminal mCherry. After their duplication in early S phase, SPBs display two distinctive behaviors that serve as useful indices of mitotic timing: firs ...
Hypothetical photosensory structure in ciliated protozoan, Blepharisma
... corresponding to TBS were observed in the space between the ectocyst and the plasma membrane (Fig. 4E, ref. Fig. 7B-2). The formation of endocyst-1 (en-1) is followed by the formation of several layers of endocyst, the precursor of which is probably supplied by a periodic excretion into the space be ...
... corresponding to TBS were observed in the space between the ectocyst and the plasma membrane (Fig. 4E, ref. Fig. 7B-2). The formation of endocyst-1 (en-1) is followed by the formation of several layers of endocyst, the precursor of which is probably supplied by a periodic excretion into the space be ...
Choose your fate: artery, vein or lymphatic vessel?
... proliferation of Prox1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells from the cardinal veins [43"]. In the absence of VEGF-C, lymphatic development is arrested, although Prox1 expression is still initiated in cardinal vein endothelial cells [43"]. These studies confirm Sabin’s hypothesis that lymphatic vesse ...
... proliferation of Prox1-positive lymphatic endothelial cells from the cardinal veins [43"]. In the absence of VEGF-C, lymphatic development is arrested, although Prox1 expression is still initiated in cardinal vein endothelial cells [43"]. These studies confirm Sabin’s hypothesis that lymphatic vesse ...
Chloroplast
... photosynthesis or storage in plants • Three types: – Chloroplasts – Chromoplasts – Amyloplasts ...
... photosynthesis or storage in plants • Three types: – Chloroplasts – Chromoplasts – Amyloplasts ...
The dendritic cell side of the immunological synapse
... within the T cell (55). DCs not only counteract the centripetal forces conferred by the T cell cytoskeleton, but also receive signals themselves from T cells at the immunological synapse. Engagement of CD40L on the T cell with CD40 on the DC provides a pro-survival signal that protects the DC from u ...
... within the T cell (55). DCs not only counteract the centripetal forces conferred by the T cell cytoskeleton, but also receive signals themselves from T cells at the immunological synapse. Engagement of CD40L on the T cell with CD40 on the DC provides a pro-survival signal that protects the DC from u ...
Transient light-induced changes in ion channel
... the pump activity may also be involved in the light effect. To evaluate the involvement of the pump in light responses, conditions were created in which changes of 7K ORC will not contribute to changes of / m . This can be achieved by (I) changing the holding potential with respect to the activation ...
... the pump activity may also be involved in the light effect. To evaluate the involvement of the pump in light responses, conditions were created in which changes of 7K ORC will not contribute to changes of / m . This can be achieved by (I) changing the holding potential with respect to the activation ...
The Effect of Osmotic Shock on Release of Bacterial Proteins and on
... already referred to (Table I) as well as the binding proteins. It contains about 3.5 % of the cellular protein when the cells are grown under conditions that suppress the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase. T h e shocked cells are viable and, when resuspended in fresh medium, they grow normally after ...
... already referred to (Table I) as well as the binding proteins. It contains about 3.5 % of the cellular protein when the cells are grown under conditions that suppress the synthesis of alkaline phosphatase. T h e shocked cells are viable and, when resuspended in fresh medium, they grow normally after ...
Protophloem Differentiation in Early Arabidopsis
... embryo, we determined the kinetics of their differentiation in 20 synchronized seedlings at 24, 48 and 72 h after germination (HAG). In particular, we focused on three consecutive features of differentiation that we could identify in AB staining: (i) cell elongation; (ii) cell wall thickening; and ( ...
... embryo, we determined the kinetics of their differentiation in 20 synchronized seedlings at 24, 48 and 72 h after germination (HAG). In particular, we focused on three consecutive features of differentiation that we could identify in AB staining: (i) cell elongation; (ii) cell wall thickening; and ( ...
kim and ronesha presentation
... activation of MKK7 and MKK4. MKK7 was enhanced in CYLD knockdown cells MKK4 was not significantly enhanced in CYLD knockdown cells MKK7 is and upstream target of CYLD in JNK signaling Because MKK7 is enhanced by the knockdown CYLD must inhibit activation of MKK7 ...
... activation of MKK7 and MKK4. MKK7 was enhanced in CYLD knockdown cells MKK4 was not significantly enhanced in CYLD knockdown cells MKK7 is and upstream target of CYLD in JNK signaling Because MKK7 is enhanced by the knockdown CYLD must inhibit activation of MKK7 ...
Caveolin-3 and SAP97 form a scaffolding protein complex that
... Submitted 31 March 2004; accepted in final form 31 March 2004 ...
... Submitted 31 March 2004; accepted in final form 31 March 2004 ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.