PDF
... The apical ECM and cytoskeleton differ significantly between different tube types in the excretory system. The excretory canal cell resembles the C. elegans gut in that it is not lined by cuticle, but has a specialized apical cytoskeleton containing the FERM domain protein ERM-1 (Gobel et al., 2004; ...
... The apical ECM and cytoskeleton differ significantly between different tube types in the excretory system. The excretory canal cell resembles the C. elegans gut in that it is not lined by cuticle, but has a specialized apical cytoskeleton containing the FERM domain protein ERM-1 (Gobel et al., 2004; ...
Sucrose Cleavage Pathways in Aspen Wood
... carboxylates ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate to generate two molecules of 3phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) (Miziorko & Lorimer, 1983). 3-PGA is then reduced to triose phosphates (TPs) and transported to cytosol through the TP translocator (Weber et al., 2005). TPs are then converted to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate ...
... carboxylates ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate to generate two molecules of 3phosphoglycerate (3-PGA) (Miziorko & Lorimer, 1983). 3-PGA is then reduced to triose phosphates (TPs) and transported to cytosol through the TP translocator (Weber et al., 2005). TPs are then converted to fructose 1,6 bisphosphate ...
Plant PCD In vegetative development Suspensor degradation
... Heterozygous alleles restore male fertility to cytoplasmic male-sterile radish (Raphanus sativus L.): a case of overdominance(2013) J. Exp. Bot. 64: 2041-2048. ...
... Heterozygous alleles restore male fertility to cytoplasmic male-sterile radish (Raphanus sativus L.): a case of overdominance(2013) J. Exp. Bot. 64: 2041-2048. ...
Phylogenomics demonstrates that breviate flagellates are related to
... that B. anathema is sister to the Amoebozoa with the ancyromonads sister to Opisthokonta þ apusomonads (OA) [21], but these results were again compromised by missing data for B. anathema. Most recently, a 30-protein phylogeny showed a BA clade with weak support that could not be conclusively placed ...
... that B. anathema is sister to the Amoebozoa with the ancyromonads sister to Opisthokonta þ apusomonads (OA) [21], but these results were again compromised by missing data for B. anathema. Most recently, a 30-protein phylogeny showed a BA clade with weak support that could not be conclusively placed ...
The tubulin gene family of Paramecium: Characterization and
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
... elaborate and stable ciliary axonemes and basal bodies to very dynamic cytoplasmic, cortical or intranuclear arrays. Their organization and individual cycle of assembly/disassembly are well known and extensive immunocytochemical studies of the post-translational modifications in the various microtub ...
Chapter 13
... cell has a haploid set of chromosomes; each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids • Cytokinesis usually occurs simultaneously, forming two haploid daughter cells • In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms; in plant cells, a cell plate forms Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publi ...
... cell has a haploid set of chromosomes; each chromosome still consists of two sister chromatids • Cytokinesis usually occurs simultaneously, forming two haploid daughter cells • In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms; in plant cells, a cell plate forms Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publi ...
Answer - Images
... People for $300 Question: Who was the first person to see bacteria, yeast and blood cells? ...
... People for $300 Question: Who was the first person to see bacteria, yeast and blood cells? ...
University of Groningen The role of antibodies in controlling
... energy released by these conformational changes induces the formation of a hemifusion intermediate, in which the monolayers of the interacting membranes are merged while the inner membranes are still intact. Finally, a fusion pore is formed and after enlargement of the pore, the nucleocapsid is rele ...
... energy released by these conformational changes induces the formation of a hemifusion intermediate, in which the monolayers of the interacting membranes are merged while the inner membranes are still intact. Finally, a fusion pore is formed and after enlargement of the pore, the nucleocapsid is rele ...
Protist Characteristics
... helps the cell move; also in some protists. • motility: The ability to move. • pseudopod: Temporary, foot-like extension of the cytoplasm that some cells use for movement or feeding. • spore: A reproductive cell produced by various organisms; can withstand harsh environmental conditions. • symbiosis ...
... helps the cell move; also in some protists. • motility: The ability to move. • pseudopod: Temporary, foot-like extension of the cytoplasm that some cells use for movement or feeding. • spore: A reproductive cell produced by various organisms; can withstand harsh environmental conditions. • symbiosis ...
YSK1 is activated by the Golgi matrix protein GM130 and plays a
... kinase that showed no activity toward MBP in the presence or absence of GM130, and was comparable to the kinasedead ATP binding site mutant YSK1K49R (Fig. 5 F). Similar results to those obtained for YSK1 were also found with MST4. MST4 is specifically activated by binding to GM130 and is autophospho ...
... kinase that showed no activity toward MBP in the presence or absence of GM130, and was comparable to the kinasedead ATP binding site mutant YSK1K49R (Fig. 5 F). Similar results to those obtained for YSK1 were also found with MST4. MST4 is specifically activated by binding to GM130 and is autophospho ...
The plastid division proteins, FtsZ1 and FtsZ2, differ in their
... division, we examined the effects of both FtsZ proteins by overproducing them in E. coli M15 by employing the expression vector PQE31. In this plasmid the protein is fused to a small histidine tag, and such small tags have been shown not to interfere with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ ...
... division, we examined the effects of both FtsZ proteins by overproducing them in E. coli M15 by employing the expression vector PQE31. In this plasmid the protein is fused to a small histidine tag, and such small tags have been shown not to interfere with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ ...
a comparative cytological and morphometric analysis of vacuolation
... In spite of a high cost of plant cell vacuolation, there are many benefits coming from increased area of cell surface per unit volume of cytoplasm of vacuolated cells. Compared with non-vacuolated, vacuolated cells more efficiently absorb ions and metabolites from even low external concentration. Th ...
... In spite of a high cost of plant cell vacuolation, there are many benefits coming from increased area of cell surface per unit volume of cytoplasm of vacuolated cells. Compared with non-vacuolated, vacuolated cells more efficiently absorb ions and metabolites from even low external concentration. Th ...
1 - Purdue Department of Biological Sciences
... matures, two types of vascular bundles, the leaf-trace bundles and the stem bundles, acquire distinct morphological features (Dahiya et al. 2005). Previously, we showed that a RING-domain-containing gene was expressed in xylem of leaf-trace bundles and in phloem of stem bundles, correlated with tran ...
... matures, two types of vascular bundles, the leaf-trace bundles and the stem bundles, acquire distinct morphological features (Dahiya et al. 2005). Previously, we showed that a RING-domain-containing gene was expressed in xylem of leaf-trace bundles and in phloem of stem bundles, correlated with tran ...
Molecular sieving properties of the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli and
... 10 mm2 s-1, which compares with a value of about 90 mm2 s-1 in non-crowded, aqueous solution (Potma ...
... 10 mm2 s-1, which compares with a value of about 90 mm2 s-1 in non-crowded, aqueous solution (Potma ...
vilnius university
... apoptosis induction. However, the regulation of apoptosis by MAPKs is more complicated and often controversial, depending on the stimuli, cell type, magnitude and duration of the MAPK activity. The members of MAPK family direct distinct cellular activities even though they share a number of common s ...
... apoptosis induction. However, the regulation of apoptosis by MAPKs is more complicated and often controversial, depending on the stimuli, cell type, magnitude and duration of the MAPK activity. The members of MAPK family direct distinct cellular activities even though they share a number of common s ...
Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella
... the pre-endodermal plate reveals that the cells of the preendodermal plate acquire a bottle shape (Fig. 3h), somewhat similar to the ingressing bottle cells defined in gastrulation of higher metazoans. During this process, the cell nucleus migrates from the apical towards the basal end of the cell. ...
... the pre-endodermal plate reveals that the cells of the preendodermal plate acquire a bottle shape (Fig. 3h), somewhat similar to the ingressing bottle cells defined in gastrulation of higher metazoans. During this process, the cell nucleus migrates from the apical towards the basal end of the cell. ...
PERSPECTIVE
... What determines the concentration of a morphogen gradient? The range and slope of a gradient are determined by the rate of morphogen synthesis in source cells, its rate of transport and its rate of degradation within target cells. Traditionally, morphogen gradients in animal tissues were considered ...
... What determines the concentration of a morphogen gradient? The range and slope of a gradient are determined by the rate of morphogen synthesis in source cells, its rate of transport and its rate of degradation within target cells. Traditionally, morphogen gradients in animal tissues were considered ...
The complex life of simple sphingolipids
... phytosphingosine) to which a fatty acid is attached by an amide bond to carbon 2 (Fig 1). The simplest sphingolipid, ceramide (Merrill, 2002), functions both as a key player in cell signalling and as the precursor of more complex sphingolipids. In contrast to complex sphingolipids, which contain a h ...
... phytosphingosine) to which a fatty acid is attached by an amide bond to carbon 2 (Fig 1). The simplest sphingolipid, ceramide (Merrill, 2002), functions both as a key player in cell signalling and as the precursor of more complex sphingolipids. In contrast to complex sphingolipids, which contain a h ...
Kingdom Protista
... – Feed and move using cilia – Reproduce by conjugation – Live in fresh and salt water, can be parasitic. – Common example: paramecium ...
... – Feed and move using cilia – Reproduce by conjugation – Live in fresh and salt water, can be parasitic. – Common example: paramecium ...
Supplementary Methods
... Supplementary Figure 1. p15 expression and promoter methylation in myeloid leukemia cell lines. (a) TTGE analysis of p15 promoter methylation. Differentially methylated sequences within the p15 amplicons were resolved according to differences in melting temperature and compared to unmethylated (0 of ...
... Supplementary Figure 1. p15 expression and promoter methylation in myeloid leukemia cell lines. (a) TTGE analysis of p15 promoter methylation. Differentially methylated sequences within the p15 amplicons were resolved according to differences in melting temperature and compared to unmethylated (0 of ...
Human stem cell aging: do mitochondrial DNA mutations have a
... are likely to affect proliferation events, as seen in the mtDNA mutator mouse (Fox et al., 2012). This is in contrast to the hematopoietic system where HSCs are maintained in a fairly dormant/quiescent state (Shao et al., 2011) and changes in ROS signaling may only take effect at the point of stem c ...
... are likely to affect proliferation events, as seen in the mtDNA mutator mouse (Fox et al., 2012). This is in contrast to the hematopoietic system where HSCs are maintained in a fairly dormant/quiescent state (Shao et al., 2011) and changes in ROS signaling may only take effect at the point of stem c ...
C. elegans MCM-4 is a general DNA replication and
... Reporters, transgenics and microscopy MCM-4::mCherry (Pmcm-4::MCM-4::mCherry::mcm-4 3'UTR) was generated by amplifying a 5.7 kb fragment encoding MCM-4 and 2.4 kb of promoter sequence from genomic N2 DNA using Phusion polymerase (Finnzymes) and cloning this fragment into the pGEMT vector (Promega). ...
... Reporters, transgenics and microscopy MCM-4::mCherry (Pmcm-4::MCM-4::mCherry::mcm-4 3'UTR) was generated by amplifying a 5.7 kb fragment encoding MCM-4 and 2.4 kb of promoter sequence from genomic N2 DNA using Phusion polymerase (Finnzymes) and cloning this fragment into the pGEMT vector (Promega). ...
Biogenesis and origin of thylakoid membranes
... closely packed to form stacks. These stacks are interconnected by stroma lamellae which also form prolonged extensions into the stroma. Thus, the arrangement of the thylakoid membrane system creates a single huge compartment inside the chloroplast, the thylakoid lumen. Additionally to creating a sin ...
... closely packed to form stacks. These stacks are interconnected by stroma lamellae which also form prolonged extensions into the stroma. Thus, the arrangement of the thylakoid membrane system creates a single huge compartment inside the chloroplast, the thylakoid lumen. Additionally to creating a sin ...
Immunolocalization of maize transglutaminase and its substrates in
... concomitant with that of PSII in the greening process and grana formation. With respect to the dense spherical vesicles observed only in the non-differentiated embryogenic callus, their size and structure indicate that they may be similar to the transport vesicles observed in storage cells of variou ...
... concomitant with that of PSII in the greening process and grana formation. With respect to the dense spherical vesicles observed only in the non-differentiated embryogenic callus, their size and structure indicate that they may be similar to the transport vesicles observed in storage cells of variou ...
Ezrin NH2-Terminal Domain Inhibits the Cell
... 1991). Recently identified as a tumor transplantation antigen, ezrin overexpression might confer proliferative advantage on certain tumors (Fazioli et ai., 1993). Ezrin colocaiizes in cells with actin-containing structures, and an actin-binding site was recently identified in vitro within ezrin 34 C ...
... 1991). Recently identified as a tumor transplantation antigen, ezrin overexpression might confer proliferative advantage on certain tumors (Fazioli et ai., 1993). Ezrin colocaiizes in cells with actin-containing structures, and an actin-binding site was recently identified in vitro within ezrin 34 C ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.