Integrin cytoplasmic domain-binding proteins
... could regulate additional signaling pathways or actin polymerization (Calderwood et al., 2000). Null mutations in the gene that encodes C. elegans ILK, pat-4, have a phenotype similar to that of integrin- or PINCH-null mutants, providing additional evidence for a functional link between these molecu ...
... could regulate additional signaling pathways or actin polymerization (Calderwood et al., 2000). Null mutations in the gene that encodes C. elegans ILK, pat-4, have a phenotype similar to that of integrin- or PINCH-null mutants, providing additional evidence for a functional link between these molecu ...
Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in branching
... Quite obviously, the active migration of a small number of tracheal tip cells away from the saclike structure of the invaginated tracheal placode has to be accompanied by cell rearrangements and cell shape changes to generate elongated tracheal branches. Because tracheal cells are at all time part o ...
... Quite obviously, the active migration of a small number of tracheal tip cells away from the saclike structure of the invaginated tracheal placode has to be accompanied by cell rearrangements and cell shape changes to generate elongated tracheal branches. Because tracheal cells are at all time part o ...
Mesoderm migration in the Xenopus gastrula
... The distal margin of cytoplasmic lamellae is densely packed with polymerized actin, including radially oriented actin filament bundles, as is typical for lamellipodia (Fig. 2). These lamellipodia are connected to the cortex of the cell body by a less dense array of actin filament bundles (A. Selchow ...
... The distal margin of cytoplasmic lamellae is densely packed with polymerized actin, including radially oriented actin filament bundles, as is typical for lamellipodia (Fig. 2). These lamellipodia are connected to the cortex of the cell body by a less dense array of actin filament bundles (A. Selchow ...
Asymmetric adhesion of rod-shaped bacteria controls microcolony
... Bacterial biofilms are spatially structured communities, within which bacteria can differentiate depending on environmental conditions. During biofilm formation, bacteria attach to a surface and use cell-cell contacts to convey the signals required for the coordination of biofilm morphogenesis. How ...
... Bacterial biofilms are spatially structured communities, within which bacteria can differentiate depending on environmental conditions. During biofilm formation, bacteria attach to a surface and use cell-cell contacts to convey the signals required for the coordination of biofilm morphogenesis. How ...
the scf ubiquitin ligase: insights into a molecular machine
... search for candidate genes at the polycystic kidney disease (PCKD) gene locus2. Although apparently unrelated to PCKD, the gene was notable for the presence of a cyclin domain. Cyclin-F levels were later shown to oscillate during the cell cycle to a similar extent as those of cyclins A and B (REF. 3 ...
... search for candidate genes at the polycystic kidney disease (PCKD) gene locus2. Although apparently unrelated to PCKD, the gene was notable for the presence of a cyclin domain. Cyclin-F levels were later shown to oscillate during the cell cycle to a similar extent as those of cyclins A and B (REF. 3 ...
biomolecular_STRUCTURES
... Rough endoplasmic reticulum: regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.) that are coated with ribosomes ...
... Rough endoplasmic reticulum: regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (E.R.) that are coated with ribosomes ...
Protein Dynamics in the Plant Extracellular Space
... contamination, such as the analysis of the growth medium of cell cultures. This method allows the study of secreted proteins but has limited biological significance. Extracellular proteins, that should have a signal peptide, are secreted by the endomembrane system formed by the endoplasmic reticulum ...
... contamination, such as the analysis of the growth medium of cell cultures. This method allows the study of secreted proteins but has limited biological significance. Extracellular proteins, that should have a signal peptide, are secreted by the endomembrane system formed by the endoplasmic reticulum ...
Regulation of myocardial contractility 1958–1983: An Odyssey
... than that of rabbit fast (white) skeletal muscle, the "standard" source of this contractile protein. In 1966, my colleagues and I (13) confirmed these reports that cardiac myosin had a lower ATPase activity than rabbit skeletal muscle myosin, and obtained evidence that the low enzymatic activity of ...
... than that of rabbit fast (white) skeletal muscle, the "standard" source of this contractile protein. In 1966, my colleagues and I (13) confirmed these reports that cardiac myosin had a lower ATPase activity than rabbit skeletal muscle myosin, and obtained evidence that the low enzymatic activity of ...
Cell cycle exit during terminal erythroid differentiation is associated
... Mo-MLV DNA23 was used to probe for the detection of murine retroviral sequences. The mouse -globin probe was a PstI fragment containing the first 2 exons of the -major globin gene.24 The cdk2 probe was a full-length human EcoRI fragment (Dr James Whitlock, Vanderbilt University). The cdk4 probe wa ...
... Mo-MLV DNA23 was used to probe for the detection of murine retroviral sequences. The mouse -globin probe was a PstI fragment containing the first 2 exons of the -major globin gene.24 The cdk2 probe was a full-length human EcoRI fragment (Dr James Whitlock, Vanderbilt University). The cdk4 probe wa ...
life in a drop of water
... of a nucleus which controls cell activity, cytoplasm, a liquid in which many cell reactions occur, and the membrane, which holds the cell together. Much of the video is devoted to featuring the many fascinating organisms found in pond water, including bacteria, microscopic algae, protozoa, and vario ...
... of a nucleus which controls cell activity, cytoplasm, a liquid in which many cell reactions occur, and the membrane, which holds the cell together. Much of the video is devoted to featuring the many fascinating organisms found in pond water, including bacteria, microscopic algae, protozoa, and vario ...
Murine Siva-1 and Siva-2, alternate splice forms of the mouse Siva
... receptor cytoplasmic tail appears to be critical for signal transduction. Several novel and important intracellular signaling molecules that associate with the cytoplasmic tails of various TNFR family members have been cloned and characterized. They can broadly be divided into three groups, the ®rst ...
... receptor cytoplasmic tail appears to be critical for signal transduction. Several novel and important intracellular signaling molecules that associate with the cytoplasmic tails of various TNFR family members have been cloned and characterized. They can broadly be divided into three groups, the ®rst ...
Calibrating Thermometers
... where the start and end of a calibration chain can be followed. The IPRT we calibrated in the example above would be one end of the calibration chain and a National Standard would be the other. In between, on average, would be one or two comparison calibrations of standards. However, it could be muc ...
... where the start and end of a calibration chain can be followed. The IPRT we calibrated in the example above would be one end of the calibration chain and a National Standard would be the other. In between, on average, would be one or two comparison calibrations of standards. However, it could be muc ...
Human red blood cells-1 - Science Publishing Group
... at the same site as does O2 and in a similar way, but the affinity is 250 times higher than that of O2 . Partial carbon monoxygenation in the circulating blood decreases the sigmoidicity of the oxygen equilibrium curve and that induces more serious effects than loss of a similar amount of haemoglobi ...
... at the same site as does O2 and in a similar way, but the affinity is 250 times higher than that of O2 . Partial carbon monoxygenation in the circulating blood decreases the sigmoidicity of the oxygen equilibrium curve and that induces more serious effects than loss of a similar amount of haemoglobi ...
Dissociation of Centrosome Replication Events from Cycles of DNA
... from the preexisting cytoplasmic pools of proteins in eggs. It seems unlikely that cycling somatic cells have large amounts of stored precursor proteins that are used for centrosome production. Most probably, centrosome components are synthesized and assembled in a regulated fashion during each cell ...
... from the preexisting cytoplasmic pools of proteins in eggs. It seems unlikely that cycling somatic cells have large amounts of stored precursor proteins that are used for centrosome production. Most probably, centrosome components are synthesized and assembled in a regulated fashion during each cell ...
TOR SIGNALLING IN BUGS, BRAIN AND BRAWN
... TRRAP proteins; FRB, the binding site for FKBP12–rapamycin; HEAT, an amino-acid sequence motif that was first identified in huntingtin, elongation factor 3, regulatory A subunit of PP2A and TOR; KOG1, kontroller of growth 1. ...
... TRRAP proteins; FRB, the binding site for FKBP12–rapamycin; HEAT, an amino-acid sequence motif that was first identified in huntingtin, elongation factor 3, regulatory A subunit of PP2A and TOR; KOG1, kontroller of growth 1. ...
Redistribution of Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptors Induced by
... punctate intracellular staining was seen which was concentrated in the juxtanuclear or Golgi region (Fig. 1 B) . In cells treated with tunicamycin (Fig. 1 C) or cycloheximide (Fig. 1 D), no morphological changes were detected by phase-contrast microscopy. By immunofluorescence the receptors were see ...
... punctate intracellular staining was seen which was concentrated in the juxtanuclear or Golgi region (Fig. 1 B) . In cells treated with tunicamycin (Fig. 1 C) or cycloheximide (Fig. 1 D), no morphological changes were detected by phase-contrast microscopy. By immunofluorescence the receptors were see ...
NEK1 Facilitates Cohesin Removal during Mammalian
... Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that is highly conserved from fungi to humans; beginning with one round of pre-meiotic replication, followed by two rounds of division, to produce haploid gametes for sexual reproduction. The defining stage of meiosis, prophase I [1] encompasses two cri ...
... Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that is highly conserved from fungi to humans; beginning with one round of pre-meiotic replication, followed by two rounds of division, to produce haploid gametes for sexual reproduction. The defining stage of meiosis, prophase I [1] encompasses two cri ...
Growth Factors Are Released by Mechanically Wounded
... A "lx" concentration of conditioned medium will be defined in this paper as 2 ml of DB conditioned by a 35-mm dish of confluent endothelial cells. Wounded cells were allowed to condition the medium for 20 rain at 37°C after which the suspension was centrifuged at 2,500 rpm at 20°C for 5 min. The pel ...
... A "lx" concentration of conditioned medium will be defined in this paper as 2 ml of DB conditioned by a 35-mm dish of confluent endothelial cells. Wounded cells were allowed to condition the medium for 20 rain at 37°C after which the suspension was centrifuged at 2,500 rpm at 20°C for 5 min. The pel ...
Down-Regulation of DNA Topoisomerase IIα Leads to Prolonged
... CEM/VCR1000, as well as for the corresponding parental cell lines. Both resistant cell lines are multidrug-resistant and have been reported to overexpress functional P-glycoprotein (McGrath et al., 1989; Kimmig et al., 1990). Comparison of untreated parental and resistant cell lines revealed no diff ...
... CEM/VCR1000, as well as for the corresponding parental cell lines. Both resistant cell lines are multidrug-resistant and have been reported to overexpress functional P-glycoprotein (McGrath et al., 1989; Kimmig et al., 1990). Comparison of untreated parental and resistant cell lines revealed no diff ...
differentiation and proliferation of embryonic mast
... cell development in rat embryos. Mast cells arise ubiquitously in and are confined to the loose connective tissue in the embryo. The alcian blue--safranin reaction distinguishes between weakly sulfated and strongly sulfated mucopolysaccharides by a shift from alcian blue to safranin staining. Based ...
... cell development in rat embryos. Mast cells arise ubiquitously in and are confined to the loose connective tissue in the embryo. The alcian blue--safranin reaction distinguishes between weakly sulfated and strongly sulfated mucopolysaccharides by a shift from alcian blue to safranin staining. Based ...
regulation of the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion by
... Cytokinesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478 Cell Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 Other Functions of the Rho Family GTPases . . ...
... Cytokinesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478 Cell Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 Other Functions of the Rho Family GTPases . . ...
Lats kinase is involved in the intestinal apical
... elegans, the intestine, the pharynx and the hypodermis, are separated by the apical surface, bordered by the C. elegans apical junction (Ce_AJ), and have distinct basolateral surfaces that contact both adjacent cells and the underlying basement membranes. The proteins required for cell polarity are ...
... elegans, the intestine, the pharynx and the hypodermis, are separated by the apical surface, bordered by the C. elegans apical junction (Ce_AJ), and have distinct basolateral surfaces that contact both adjacent cells and the underlying basement membranes. The proteins required for cell polarity are ...
Characterization of Membrane Components of the Erythrocyte
... permitting further purification and isolation of putative binding sites. The presence of receptor activity for VSV in solubilized m e m b r a n e s was assessed by verifying their capacity to inhibit viral attachment and fusion at acidic pH, measured as H A and He inhibiting activity (Fig. 1). Solub ...
... permitting further purification and isolation of putative binding sites. The presence of receptor activity for VSV in solubilized m e m b r a n e s was assessed by verifying their capacity to inhibit viral attachment and fusion at acidic pH, measured as H A and He inhibiting activity (Fig. 1). Solub ...
Part 1
... Fungi versus fungi • “fungus” is used inclusively for a heterogenous group of organisms that have traditionally been studied by mycologists • “Fungi” refers to the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi, the true fungi, also called the “Eumycota” ...
... Fungi versus fungi • “fungus” is used inclusively for a heterogenous group of organisms that have traditionally been studied by mycologists • “Fungi” refers to the organisms in the Kingdom Fungi, the true fungi, also called the “Eumycota” ...
Mechanisms of size control Christopher J Potter* and
... The preceding studies suggest that these known methods of regulating cell proliferation can be separated from organ size control. However, differences in organ size between species are most often a result of changes in cell number [2]. Thus, it is likely that organ size control does exert its effect ...
... The preceding studies suggest that these known methods of regulating cell proliferation can be separated from organ size control. However, differences in organ size between species are most often a result of changes in cell number [2]. Thus, it is likely that organ size control does exert its effect ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.