Anaerobic Respiration
... electron acceptor is reduced and used as the source of nutrient for cell growth. Dissimilative metabolism: A large amount of the electron acceptor is reduced for energy and the reduced product is excreted into the environment. ...
... electron acceptor is reduced and used as the source of nutrient for cell growth. Dissimilative metabolism: A large amount of the electron acceptor is reduced for energy and the reduced product is excreted into the environment. ...
4 Cell Resp Part 2 NT
... Transport proteins in membrane pump H+ (_____________________) across inner membrane to __________________________________________ ...
... Transport proteins in membrane pump H+ (_____________________) across inner membrane to __________________________________________ ...
Respiration, Lithotrophy & Photosynthesis
... Electron flow from a carrier with negative redox-potential to a carrier with positive redox-potential to a terminal electron acceptor This flow of electrons results the generation of proton motive force across the membrane ...
... Electron flow from a carrier with negative redox-potential to a carrier with positive redox-potential to a terminal electron acceptor This flow of electrons results the generation of proton motive force across the membrane ...
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
... • As acetyl-CoA enters the cycle, the CoA is released and can be used for the next pyruvate •During one complete cycle a total of 3 NAD+s and 1 FAD are reduced to form 3 NADHs and 1 FADH2s • During one complete cycle an ADP and Pi are combined to form 1 ATP • During one complete cycle, 2 CO2 molecul ...
... • As acetyl-CoA enters the cycle, the CoA is released and can be used for the next pyruvate •During one complete cycle a total of 3 NAD+s and 1 FAD are reduced to form 3 NADHs and 1 FADH2s • During one complete cycle an ADP and Pi are combined to form 1 ATP • During one complete cycle, 2 CO2 molecul ...
Key Terms:
... pyruvate CO2 and reduced coenzymes 3. Electron Transport red. coenzymes are re-ox.; e- passed to O2; H+ gradient 4. Chemiosmosis H+ gradient drives ATP synthesis Glycolysis is universal, anaerobic and cytosolic 2 ATP in; 4 ATP out & 2 reduced coenzymes glucose (six carbons, C6) 2 moleucles of py ...
... pyruvate CO2 and reduced coenzymes 3. Electron Transport red. coenzymes are re-ox.; e- passed to O2; H+ gradient 4. Chemiosmosis H+ gradient drives ATP synthesis Glycolysis is universal, anaerobic and cytosolic 2 ATP in; 4 ATP out & 2 reduced coenzymes glucose (six carbons, C6) 2 moleucles of py ...
Slide 1
... Energy stored in NADH & FADH2 as electrons from the metabolic pathways is used for ATP synthesis by the process of oxidative phosphorylation When NADH and FADH2 are re-oxidized to NAD+ and FAD, the electrons released from them are transferred through a chain of electron carrier complexes (redox pro ...
... Energy stored in NADH & FADH2 as electrons from the metabolic pathways is used for ATP synthesis by the process of oxidative phosphorylation When NADH and FADH2 are re-oxidized to NAD+ and FAD, the electrons released from them are transferred through a chain of electron carrier complexes (redox pro ...
External sources of energy → biologically energy : ATP
... External sources of energy biologically energy : ATP • prokaryotic cells: cell membrane • eukaryotic cells : mitochondria, chloroplast ...
... External sources of energy biologically energy : ATP • prokaryotic cells: cell membrane • eukaryotic cells : mitochondria, chloroplast ...
sorting_activity
... Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with hydrogen ions and electrons. ...
... Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, combining with hydrogen ions and electrons. ...
Oxygen pulls electrons from sugar
... reduced forms -Each form is oxidized by a more electronegative neighbor -Oxygen is the final oxidizer ...
... reduced forms -Each form is oxidized by a more electronegative neighbor -Oxygen is the final oxidizer ...
Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation
... force is carried out by three electron-driven proton pumps: 1- NADH-Q oxidoreductase 2- Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 3- cytochrome c oxidase. These large transmembrane complexes contain multiple oxidation-reduction centers, including quinones, flavins, ironsulfur clusters, hemes, and copper ions. ...
... force is carried out by three electron-driven proton pumps: 1- NADH-Q oxidoreductase 2- Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase 3- cytochrome c oxidase. These large transmembrane complexes contain multiple oxidation-reduction centers, including quinones, flavins, ironsulfur clusters, hemes, and copper ions. ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
Document
... centers, ~850 kD, proton pump pumping 4-6 H /2e Complex II: 4 polypeptides, 7 Fe-S centers, FAD, 100-140 kD, no proton pump Complex III: 11 polypeptides, 3 cytochromes, Rieske+ Fe protein, 240 kD, homodimer (500 kD); -2 H in,+ 4 ...
... centers, ~850 kD, proton pump pumping 4-6 H /2e Complex II: 4 polypeptides, 7 Fe-S centers, FAD, 100-140 kD, no proton pump Complex III: 11 polypeptides, 3 cytochromes, Rieske+ Fe protein, 240 kD, homodimer (500 kD); -2 H in,+ 4 ...
BIOS 1700 Dr. Tanda Week 6, Session 3 1. What two subunits made
... ATP synthase less effective. In other words, the F0 subunit let protons go through without efficiently turning its “fan.” This means the conversion of potential energy in the proton gradient across the inner membrane to kinetic energy is less efficient. How does this mutant mouse look like compared ...
... ATP synthase less effective. In other words, the F0 subunit let protons go through without efficiently turning its “fan.” This means the conversion of potential energy in the proton gradient across the inner membrane to kinetic energy is less efficient. How does this mutant mouse look like compared ...
Biochemistry 3300 More Quizzes Page:1/4 1) How many electrons
... B) inhibitor of respiratory electron transfer C) a Boyer compound D) inhibitor of F1 FO ATP synthase E) B or D 14) The electron transport chain is sometimes called A) the citric acid cycle. B) β-oxidation. C) transamination. D) the respiratory chain. E) fermentation 15) Cyanide ion and carbon monoxi ...
... B) inhibitor of respiratory electron transfer C) a Boyer compound D) inhibitor of F1 FO ATP synthase E) B or D 14) The electron transport chain is sometimes called A) the citric acid cycle. B) β-oxidation. C) transamination. D) the respiratory chain. E) fermentation 15) Cyanide ion and carbon monoxi ...
The Proton Motive Force
... the terminal electron acceptor During electron transfer, several protons are released on outside of the membrane Results in generation of pH gradient and an electrochemical potential across the membrane (the proton motive force) Terminal oxidase; reduces O2 to H2O ATP synthase (ATPase): complex that ...
... the terminal electron acceptor During electron transfer, several protons are released on outside of the membrane Results in generation of pH gradient and an electrochemical potential across the membrane (the proton motive force) Terminal oxidase; reduces O2 to H2O ATP synthase (ATPase): complex that ...
Chapter 1 Homework - due Tuesday, Sept
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
... 3. Why is each of the following essential to chemiosmotic ATP synthesis? a) electron transport chain - these protein complexes pump protons into the intermembrane space while passing electrons between them b) proton gradient - so that hydrogen ions will diffuse through the ATP synthase channels down ...
CHAPTER-V BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
... Complex III In Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex; EC 1.10.2.2), the Q-cycle contributes to the proton gradient by an asymmetric absorption/release of protons. Two electrons are removed from QH2 at the QO site and sequentially transferred to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron ...
... Complex III In Complex III (cytochrome bc1 complex; EC 1.10.2.2), the Q-cycle contributes to the proton gradient by an asymmetric absorption/release of protons. Two electrons are removed from QH2 at the QO site and sequentially transferred to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron ...
Learning Objectives
... What occurs during the four major stages of metabolism? When carbohydrates are digested, what is produced? Proteins? Lipids? Under what conditions does the citric acid cycle function? You should know the overall types of reactions for the citric acid cycle. If I were to give you a figure of the citr ...
... What occurs during the four major stages of metabolism? When carbohydrates are digested, what is produced? Proteins? Lipids? Under what conditions does the citric acid cycle function? You should know the overall types of reactions for the citric acid cycle. If I were to give you a figure of the citr ...
electron transport chain
... So; the chemiosmotic hypothesis proposes that: • After protons have been pumped to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, they re-enter the matrix by passing through a channel in the membranespanning domain (Fo) of Complex V, driving the rotation of Fo and, at the same time, dissip ...
... So; the chemiosmotic hypothesis proposes that: • After protons have been pumped to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, they re-enter the matrix by passing through a channel in the membranespanning domain (Fo) of Complex V, driving the rotation of Fo and, at the same time, dissip ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
... The reduced product, ubiquinol (QH2) freely diffuses within the membrane, and Complex I translocates four protons (H+) across the membrane, thus producing a proton gradient. Major sources of NADH include several reactions of TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation. Composed of at least 25 different polyp ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... During the oxidation of NADH there are 3 steps in which the change in reduction potential is sufficient for ATP synthesis. This steps occurs in complexes I, III and IV. The resulting transmembrane proton gradient is used to make ATP via ATP synthase. Recent experimental evidence indicates that appro ...
... During the oxidation of NADH there are 3 steps in which the change in reduction potential is sufficient for ATP synthesis. This steps occurs in complexes I, III and IV. The resulting transmembrane proton gradient is used to make ATP via ATP synthase. Recent experimental evidence indicates that appro ...
Electron Transport Chain _ETC
... PROTON PUMP AND ATP SYNTHESIS The energy of electron transfer is used to drive protons out of the matrix by the complexes I, III and IV that are proton pumps. The proton pumps (complexes I, III and IV) expel H+ from inside to outside of the inner membrane. So, there is high H+ concentration outside ...
... PROTON PUMP AND ATP SYNTHESIS The energy of electron transfer is used to drive protons out of the matrix by the complexes I, III and IV that are proton pumps. The proton pumps (complexes I, III and IV) expel H+ from inside to outside of the inner membrane. So, there is high H+ concentration outside ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.