Mitochondrial metabolite transport
... Mitochondria are essential not only for the metabolic pathways that take place within these organelles, but also for many others occurring mainly outside the mitochondrial matrix. Because of enzyme compartmentalization, many metabolites produced outside the mitochondria must enter; for example, ADP ...
... Mitochondria are essential not only for the metabolic pathways that take place within these organelles, but also for many others occurring mainly outside the mitochondrial matrix. Because of enzyme compartmentalization, many metabolites produced outside the mitochondria must enter; for example, ADP ...
Vitamins and Coenzymes - KSU - Home
... • Hydrogen, electrons, or other groups can be transferred • Larger mobile metabolic groups can be attached at the reactive center of the coenzyme ...
... • Hydrogen, electrons, or other groups can be transferred • Larger mobile metabolic groups can be attached at the reactive center of the coenzyme ...
Flux Balance Analysis of Photoautotrophic
... nutrient and light uptake rates. The maximum growth rate of photoautotrophically cultivated Synechocystis was measured to be 0.085 ( 0.015 h-l from four separate experiments. This value is consistent with other reported values (22). The carbon balance (in the absence of overflow products) and the gr ...
... nutrient and light uptake rates. The maximum growth rate of photoautotrophically cultivated Synechocystis was measured to be 0.085 ( 0.015 h-l from four separate experiments. This value is consistent with other reported values (22). The carbon balance (in the absence of overflow products) and the gr ...
An Introduction to Metabolism and Energetics
... • Electrons are transferred to ETS • Electron Carriers • NADH sends electrons to FMN (flavin mononucleotide) • FADH2 proceeds directly to coenzyme Q (CoQ; ubiquinone) • FMN and CoQ bind to inner mitochondrial membrane ...
... • Electrons are transferred to ETS • Electron Carriers • NADH sends electrons to FMN (flavin mononucleotide) • FADH2 proceeds directly to coenzyme Q (CoQ; ubiquinone) • FMN and CoQ bind to inner mitochondrial membrane ...
Metabolism: Energy, Enzymes, and Regulation
... subsequently flows to chemoheterotrophs when they use nutrients derived from autotrophs (figure 8.1; see also figure 28.32). The CO2 produced during aerobic respiration can be incorporated again into complex organic molecules during photosynthesis and chemolithoautotrophy. Clearly the flow of carbon ...
... subsequently flows to chemoheterotrophs when they use nutrients derived from autotrophs (figure 8.1; see also figure 28.32). The CO2 produced during aerobic respiration can be incorporated again into complex organic molecules during photosynthesis and chemolithoautotrophy. Clearly the flow of carbon ...
oxidation–reduction reaction
... • A reaction in which electrons are transferred from one atom to another is called an oxidation–reduction reaction. • Also called redox reactions ...
... • A reaction in which electrons are transferred from one atom to another is called an oxidation–reduction reaction. • Also called redox reactions ...
OGT Reivew3 - HensonsBiologyPage
... glycolysis when oxygen is available to the cell. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and uses glucose (pyruvic acid) to produce CO2, water, and lots of ATP (38 ATP to be exact) Next ...
... glycolysis when oxygen is available to the cell. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria and uses glucose (pyruvic acid) to produce CO2, water, and lots of ATP (38 ATP to be exact) Next ...
Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine triphosphate Adenosine
... give fatty acids and glycerol. The overall process of oxidizing glucose to carbon dioxide is known as cellular respiration and can produce about 30 molecules of ATP from a single molecule of glucose.[22] ATP can be produced by a number of distinct cellular processes; the three main pathways used to ...
... give fatty acids and glycerol. The overall process of oxidizing glucose to carbon dioxide is known as cellular respiration and can produce about 30 molecules of ATP from a single molecule of glucose.[22] ATP can be produced by a number of distinct cellular processes; the three main pathways used to ...
LIPID METABOLISM
... present in certain plants, it has 4 CH3 groups at position 3, 7, 11, 15, by initial α oxidation & removal of one carbon, CH3 groups is at α position, FA undergo β oxidation ...
... present in certain plants, it has 4 CH3 groups at position 3, 7, 11, 15, by initial α oxidation & removal of one carbon, CH3 groups is at α position, FA undergo β oxidation ...
Acyl-CoA
... - Triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) are fatty acid esters (usually with different fatty acid R groups) of glycerol—see §1.4! - Triglycerides are largely stored in the adipose tissue where they function as “high-energy” reservoirs—due to being more reduced (carry more electrons, or more hydrogens!) ...
... - Triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) are fatty acid esters (usually with different fatty acid R groups) of glycerol—see §1.4! - Triglycerides are largely stored in the adipose tissue where they function as “high-energy” reservoirs—due to being more reduced (carry more electrons, or more hydrogens!) ...
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e Chapter 7 – Answers 1. An autotroph is
... D. Answer d is incorrect. Cellular respiration involves a complex series of redox reactions. The use of multiple small reactions allows the cell to capture the energy stored in the glucose molecules. 6. The majority of the ATP produced during aerobic respiration is made by— a. the electrons carried ...
... D. Answer d is incorrect. Cellular respiration involves a complex series of redox reactions. The use of multiple small reactions allows the cell to capture the energy stored in the glucose molecules. 6. The majority of the ATP produced during aerobic respiration is made by— a. the electrons carried ...
Raven/Johnson Biology 8e
... D. Answer d is incorrect. Cellular respiration involves a complex series of redox reactions. The use of multiple small reactions allows the cell to capture the energy stored in the glucose molecules. 6. The majority of the ATP produced during aerobic respiration is made by— a. the electrons carried ...
... D. Answer d is incorrect. Cellular respiration involves a complex series of redox reactions. The use of multiple small reactions allows the cell to capture the energy stored in the glucose molecules. 6. The majority of the ATP produced during aerobic respiration is made by— a. the electrons carried ...
Derived copy of Bis2A 07.1 Glycolysis
... high-energy electrons, which are picked up by the electron carrier NAD , producing NADH. The sugar is then phosphorylated by the addition of a second phosphate group, producing 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Note that the second phosphate group does not require another ATP molecule. ...
... high-energy electrons, which are picked up by the electron carrier NAD , producing NADH. The sugar is then phosphorylated by the addition of a second phosphate group, producing 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Note that the second phosphate group does not require another ATP molecule. ...
Nitrogen Acquisition and Amino Acid Metabolism
... ii. The carboxyl groups on the outside can donate H atoms so there is a passing of double bonds from one component to another iii. Protons are released and end up hooking onto the nitrogen when it acquires 2 electrons. iv. Build hydrogens around nitrogen to make ammonium ion. f. Bottom line: You hav ...
... ii. The carboxyl groups on the outside can donate H atoms so there is a passing of double bonds from one component to another iii. Protons are released and end up hooking onto the nitrogen when it acquires 2 electrons. iv. Build hydrogens around nitrogen to make ammonium ion. f. Bottom line: You hav ...
Nucleotides
... • Activation of other moieties for synthesis: UDPglucuronate, CDP-diacylglycerol, etc. • Energy transduction: ATP for muscle contraction and ion transport. • Control reactions: GDP GTP of G-proteins. • Control of metabolism: cAMP, ADP/ATP ratio, enzyme phosphorylation. • Constituents of other smal ...
... • Activation of other moieties for synthesis: UDPglucuronate, CDP-diacylglycerol, etc. • Energy transduction: ATP for muscle contraction and ion transport. • Control reactions: GDP GTP of G-proteins. • Control of metabolism: cAMP, ADP/ATP ratio, enzyme phosphorylation. • Constituents of other smal ...
ATP - IS MU
... • nutrients in food (lipids and saccharides, partially proteins) contain carbon atoms with low oxidation number • they are continuously degraded (oxidized) to various intermediates, that in decarboxylation reactions release CO2 • electrons and H atoms are transferred to redox cofactors (NADH, FADH2 ...
... • nutrients in food (lipids and saccharides, partially proteins) contain carbon atoms with low oxidation number • they are continuously degraded (oxidized) to various intermediates, that in decarboxylation reactions release CO2 • electrons and H atoms are transferred to redox cofactors (NADH, FADH2 ...
Living organisms obtain energy by breaking down organic
... Most of the energy from the glucose is still contained in the pyruvate. ...
... Most of the energy from the glucose is still contained in the pyruvate. ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.