Cellular Respiration
... • Pyruvate has more energy to yield – 3 more C to strip off (to oxidize) – if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria – enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 ...
... • Pyruvate has more energy to yield – 3 more C to strip off (to oxidize) – if O2 is available, pyruvate enters mitochondria – enzymes of Krebs cycle complete the full oxidation of sugar to CO2 ...
Handout
... Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg, Fe, I: make up most of remainder Trace elements: required by an organism in extremely minute quantities e.g.. B, Mn, Zn and others C HOPKINS CaFe ...
... Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg, Fe, I: make up most of remainder Trace elements: required by an organism in extremely minute quantities e.g.. B, Mn, Zn and others C HOPKINS CaFe ...
Ch 4: Cellular Metabolism
... capable of carrying out glycolysis. – Most present-day organisms can extract considerably more energy from glucose through aerobic respiration. ...
... capable of carrying out glycolysis. – Most present-day organisms can extract considerably more energy from glucose through aerobic respiration. ...
Ch16
... 19. We have touched on this already: thiamine deficiency…the disease Beri Beri, and will do more in class. Thiamine is obviously needed for the synthesis of thiamine pyrophosphate used in the two dehydrogenases for pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate. 30. Coupling of CAC and electron transport (respiration ...
... 19. We have touched on this already: thiamine deficiency…the disease Beri Beri, and will do more in class. Thiamine is obviously needed for the synthesis of thiamine pyrophosphate used in the two dehydrogenases for pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate. 30. Coupling of CAC and electron transport (respiration ...
corrected version for study guide
... their are 2 turns per glucose molecule) and 4x2 = 8 NADH and 1x2 FADH2 is also where CO2 is released and then exhaled out. Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion. The third stage the Electron transport chain takes the energy carriers NADH and FADH2 and to carry electrons down the electron tr ...
... their are 2 turns per glucose molecule) and 4x2 = 8 NADH and 1x2 FADH2 is also where CO2 is released and then exhaled out. Takes place in the matrix of the mitochondrion. The third stage the Electron transport chain takes the energy carriers NADH and FADH2 and to carry electrons down the electron tr ...
word
... Describe the different pathways and their intersections – fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis both feed into the TCA and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain, ETC). Describe how ATP is used to power energy-requiring reactions Describe the regulation of pathways, and what determines wh ...
... Describe the different pathways and their intersections – fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis both feed into the TCA and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain, ETC). Describe how ATP is used to power energy-requiring reactions Describe the regulation of pathways, and what determines wh ...
Ch 8 Cellular Respiration
... -net yield of 32 or 34 ATP per glucose molecule - 6 H2O are formed when the electrons unite with O2* at the end of electron transport chain. * We breath because we need oxygen as the final electron acceptor! The resulting ATP is able to leave the mitochondria by the ATP transport protein in the mem ...
... -net yield of 32 or 34 ATP per glucose molecule - 6 H2O are formed when the electrons unite with O2* at the end of electron transport chain. * We breath because we need oxygen as the final electron acceptor! The resulting ATP is able to leave the mitochondria by the ATP transport protein in the mem ...
Ch. 4 Outline
... B. Citric acid is changed into oxaloacetic acid through a series of reactions C. Cycle repeats as long as pyruvic acid and oxygen are available D. For each citric acid molecule: 1. One ATP is produced 2. Eight hydrogen atoms are transferred to NAD+ and FAD 3. Two CO2 produced Electron Transport Syst ...
... B. Citric acid is changed into oxaloacetic acid through a series of reactions C. Cycle repeats as long as pyruvic acid and oxygen are available D. For each citric acid molecule: 1. One ATP is produced 2. Eight hydrogen atoms are transferred to NAD+ and FAD 3. Two CO2 produced Electron Transport Syst ...
Chapter 25
... • Carriers of electron transport chain are clustered into 3 complexes that each act as a proton pump (expelling H+) • Mobile shuttles (CoQ and Cyt c) pass electrons between complexes. • The last complex passes its electrons (2H+) to oxygen to form a water molecule (H2O) ...
... • Carriers of electron transport chain are clustered into 3 complexes that each act as a proton pump (expelling H+) • Mobile shuttles (CoQ and Cyt c) pass electrons between complexes. • The last complex passes its electrons (2H+) to oxygen to form a water molecule (H2O) ...
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration
... metabolism. The outer membrane of the mitochondria acts as a cell membrane and houses transport proteins that allow substances in and out of the mitochondria. For instance, the outer membrane houses transport proteins, which move the two pyruvate molecules formed during glycolysis from the cytoplasm ...
... metabolism. The outer membrane of the mitochondria acts as a cell membrane and houses transport proteins that allow substances in and out of the mitochondria. For instance, the outer membrane houses transport proteins, which move the two pyruvate molecules formed during glycolysis from the cytoplasm ...
Document
... anaerobic respiration is inorganic ， but organic acceptors such as fumarate may be used. Most respiration involves the activity of an electron transport chain. The amount of available energy is quite different for fermentation and respiration. The electron acceptor in fermentation is at the same oxi ...
... anaerobic respiration is inorganic ， but organic acceptors such as fumarate may be used. Most respiration involves the activity of an electron transport chain. The amount of available energy is quite different for fermentation and respiration. The electron acceptor in fermentation is at the same oxi ...
Cell Respiration Test
... c. Has zero kinetic energy d. Can do no work 9. Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions? a. The products have more total energy than the reactants b. The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy c. The reaction goes only in a forward direction: all reactants will be con ...
... c. Has zero kinetic energy d. Can do no work 9. Which of the following is true for all exergonic reactions? a. The products have more total energy than the reactants b. The reaction proceeds with a net release of free energy c. The reaction goes only in a forward direction: all reactants will be con ...
AP Bio Fall Final Study Guide
... The results of the cycle is 6 NADH and 2 FADH2. These both then take the electrons to ETC. Electron Transport Chain: In the electron transport chain the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are deposited into proteins. These electrons then jump from one protein to another causing hydrogen ions to go into t ...
... The results of the cycle is 6 NADH and 2 FADH2. These both then take the electrons to ETC. Electron Transport Chain: In the electron transport chain the electrons from NADH and FADH2 are deposited into proteins. These electrons then jump from one protein to another causing hydrogen ions to go into t ...
Cellular Respiration - Cathkin High School
... inner membranes of the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 release the high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain where they pass along the chain, releasing energy. The energy is used to pump H ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The return flow of H ions rotates part of the memb ...
... inner membranes of the mitochondria. NADH and FADH2 release the high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain where they pass along the chain, releasing energy. The energy is used to pump H ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The return flow of H ions rotates part of the memb ...
6O2 + C6H12O6 ------------------------
... Total ATP =___ 5. Describe ways ATP is used in the body. RSQ – list at least 3. 6. Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs when _______________ is available. a. Equation for lactic acid fermentation-b. Equation for alcoholic fermentation-Compare lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by describin ...
... Total ATP =___ 5. Describe ways ATP is used in the body. RSQ – list at least 3. 6. Anaerobic Respiration: Occurs when _______________ is available. a. Equation for lactic acid fermentation-b. Equation for alcoholic fermentation-Compare lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation by describin ...
File
... Pyruvate. Products of Glycolysis: 1. Net gain of 2 ATP (2 “spent”, 4 made) 2. NADH 3. 2 Pyruvate ...
... Pyruvate. Products of Glycolysis: 1. Net gain of 2 ATP (2 “spent”, 4 made) 2. NADH 3. 2 Pyruvate ...
CHEMICAL BONDING
... Occurs when 2 slightly different atoms share electrons unequally to be more stable. The electrons are not completely transferred but an unequal sharing results. We use these symbols to show which atom has a stronger attraction for the electrons. ...
... Occurs when 2 slightly different atoms share electrons unequally to be more stable. The electrons are not completely transferred but an unequal sharing results. We use these symbols to show which atom has a stronger attraction for the electrons. ...
Respiration - Ms. Killikelly's Science Classes
... NADH. The NAD+ oxidizes the 2-C portion and becomes acetic acid. This is a redox rxn as pyruvate is oxidized and NAD+ is reduced Coenzyme A (contains S) is attached to the remaining acetic acid portion to form acetyl-CoA in an unstable bond (sets it up for stage 3) ...
... NADH. The NAD+ oxidizes the 2-C portion and becomes acetic acid. This is a redox rxn as pyruvate is oxidized and NAD+ is reduced Coenzyme A (contains S) is attached to the remaining acetic acid portion to form acetyl-CoA in an unstable bond (sets it up for stage 3) ...
Chapter 16 - The Citric Acid Cycle
... catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids • Intermediates of the cycle are starting points for many biosynthetic reactions • Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria (eukaryotes) or the cytosol of bacteria • Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power • Coe ...
... catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids • Intermediates of the cycle are starting points for many biosynthetic reactions • Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria (eukaryotes) or the cytosol of bacteria • Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power • Coe ...
GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS – I: AEROBIC METABOLISM
... • Succinate, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry in ETC for electrons from Succinate ...
... • Succinate, Coenzyme Q Reductase, • Point of entry in ETC for electrons from Succinate ...
Understanding the origin and organization of
... motors) combines a transport pore for H+ with a rotory shaft ...
... motors) combines a transport pore for H+ with a rotory shaft ...
Lecture Notes
... C. 6.3 Cellular respiration banks energy in ATP molecules 1. Cellular respiration is an exergonic process that transfers energy from the bonds in glucose to form ATP 2. Cellular respiration a. b. captures about 34% of the energy originally stored in glucose 3. Other foods (organic molecules) can als ...
... C. 6.3 Cellular respiration banks energy in ATP molecules 1. Cellular respiration is an exergonic process that transfers energy from the bonds in glucose to form ATP 2. Cellular respiration a. b. captures about 34% of the energy originally stored in glucose 3. Other foods (organic molecules) can als ...
BIOLOGY CH9PPTOL NAME______________________
... Oxygen gas is formed and released into the atmosphere. Step 2: Excited electrons transfer some of their energy to pump H+ions into the thylakoid. This process creates a concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane. Step 3: The energy from diffusion of H+ions through the channel portion of AT ...
... Oxygen gas is formed and released into the atmosphere. Step 2: Excited electrons transfer some of their energy to pump H+ions into the thylakoid. This process creates a concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane. Step 3: The energy from diffusion of H+ions through the channel portion of AT ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.