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Cell Structure and Function
Cell Structure and Function

...  Regulates movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm  We will look at the how the passage of water into a cell depends on the difference in concentration of solutes between cytoplasm and the surrounding medium ...
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... A collection of cells that perform the same  function and that work together is called a  TISSUE.  Examples of tissues include nervous  tissues, muscle tissue, and blood tissue.  ...
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Cells, you would be nothing without them!

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... occurs to accommodate replicated organelles from S stage  G1, S and G2 occur during Interphase, the longest stage of the cell cycle.  M stage stands for "mitosis", and is when nuclear (chromosomes separate)  Finally, Cytokinesis: cytoplasmic division occur. Mitosis is further divided into 4 phase ...
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Mitosis



Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.
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