Sample
... reaches the systemic circulation. Identify the different mechanisms used by a molecule to cross a cell membrane. Depending upon its properties, a molecule may move into a cell via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, or endocytosis. ...
... reaches the systemic circulation. Identify the different mechanisms used by a molecule to cross a cell membrane. Depending upon its properties, a molecule may move into a cell via diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, or endocytosis. ...
Fukuda, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol
... with annular, spiral, reticulate, or pitted wall thickenings. At maturity, TEs lose their nuclei and cell contents and leave a hollow tube that is part of a vessel or tracheid. The ease with which these differentiated cells can be identified by their morphological features, as well as the relatively ...
... with annular, spiral, reticulate, or pitted wall thickenings. At maturity, TEs lose their nuclei and cell contents and leave a hollow tube that is part of a vessel or tracheid. The ease with which these differentiated cells can be identified by their morphological features, as well as the relatively ...
Links between DNA Replication, Stem Cells and Cancer
... What is well established is that the frequency of cancer among different tissues and organs is distributed unevenly across the body both in time and space; some tissue types give rise to human cancers millions of times more often than other tissue types. What is not clear is the contribution of intr ...
... What is well established is that the frequency of cancer among different tissues and organs is distributed unevenly across the body both in time and space; some tissue types give rise to human cancers millions of times more often than other tissue types. What is not clear is the contribution of intr ...
Test Bank - rsffa.org
... 6. The storage structure indicated in Figure 7–6 by the letter F is a(an) ____________________ . 7. Cells that need to make a lot of protein are expected to have a large number of ________________. 8. In plants, ____________________ capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy, w ...
... 6. The storage structure indicated in Figure 7–6 by the letter F is a(an) ____________________ . 7. Cells that need to make a lot of protein are expected to have a large number of ________________. 8. In plants, ____________________ capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy, w ...
PC7 and the related proteases Furin and Pace4 regulate E
... in eutherian mammals is devoted to segregating a pluripotent inner cell mass (ICM) from the trophectoderm (TE) that enables attachment and survival in the mother. Differentiation of the ICM and the TE is initiated during the late eight-cell stage when individual blastomeres enlarge their cell–cell c ...
... in eutherian mammals is devoted to segregating a pluripotent inner cell mass (ICM) from the trophectoderm (TE) that enables attachment and survival in the mother. Differentiation of the ICM and the TE is initiated during the late eight-cell stage when individual blastomeres enlarge their cell–cell c ...
REACTION OF THE GOBLET CELLS TO THE CHOLINERGIC
... In our previous studies we demonstrated that the degeneration of more than half of the goblet cells in the epithelium was always followed by a massive differentiation of new secretory elements (K 0 nr ado v a 1991, 1995; K 0 n r ad 0 v a et al. 1990). As the differentiating secretory cells are still ...
... In our previous studies we demonstrated that the degeneration of more than half of the goblet cells in the epithelium was always followed by a massive differentiation of new secretory elements (K 0 nr ado v a 1991, 1995; K 0 n r ad 0 v a et al. 1990). As the differentiating secretory cells are still ...
A Family of Abundant Plasma Membrane
... The protein content of the lyophilized proteoglycan was determined following Lowry et al. (1951). Hydroxyproline was measured by the technique of Kivirikko and Liesmaa (1959). The content of neutral sugars was determined using o-galactose as the standard in a phenol-HzSO4 assay. 5 ml of the diluted ...
... The protein content of the lyophilized proteoglycan was determined following Lowry et al. (1951). Hydroxyproline was measured by the technique of Kivirikko and Liesmaa (1959). The content of neutral sugars was determined using o-galactose as the standard in a phenol-HzSO4 assay. 5 ml of the diluted ...
Promega Notes 99: NIH Chemical Genomics Center: Small
... www.NCGC.nih.gov), created in 2004, is part of the Molecular Libraries Screening Center Network (MLSCN), which is a network of screening centers created to discover small molecules for fundamental biological research as well to validate drug targets. NCGC optimizes high-throughput cellularbased and ...
... www.NCGC.nih.gov), created in 2004, is part of the Molecular Libraries Screening Center Network (MLSCN), which is a network of screening centers created to discover small molecules for fundamental biological research as well to validate drug targets. NCGC optimizes high-throughput cellularbased and ...
Intercellular signalling and the multiplication of prokaryotes
... It is a matter of everyday experience that the duration of the lag phase in batch cultures often depends more or less inversely on the size of the inoculum, even when bacterial growth is monitored by counting viable cells ((Penfold, 1914) and see below). (Note that in some studies this “true” ino ...
... It is a matter of everyday experience that the duration of the lag phase in batch cultures often depends more or less inversely on the size of the inoculum, even when bacterial growth is monitored by counting viable cells ((Penfold, 1914) and see below). (Note that in some studies this “true” ino ...
Membrane trafficking and osmotically induced
... faba to osmotic treatments were studied. Using confocal microscopy and epidermal peels, the relationship between the area of a medial paradermal guard-cell section and guard-cell volume was determined. This allowed estimates of guard-cell volume to be made from single paradermal confocal images, and ...
... faba to osmotic treatments were studied. Using confocal microscopy and epidermal peels, the relationship between the area of a medial paradermal guard-cell section and guard-cell volume was determined. This allowed estimates of guard-cell volume to be made from single paradermal confocal images, and ...
Pavement cell chloroplast behaviour and interactions with other
... the increase began within the first hour, and continued to rise throughout the 5 hours of treatment (Fig. 4B). However, the stromule formation response from ...
... the increase began within the first hour, and continued to rise throughout the 5 hours of treatment (Fig. 4B). However, the stromule formation response from ...
Species-specific developmental timing is maintained by pluripotent
... day equivalents. Because a recent study suggested that mouse EpiS cells most closely reflect an embryonic age of 6.5–7.0 days post fertilization (E6.5–7.0) in the mouse embryo (Kojima et al., 2014). We assigned “day 0” mouse EpiS cells to be the equivalent of in vivo E6.5. As both human ES cells and ...
... day equivalents. Because a recent study suggested that mouse EpiS cells most closely reflect an embryonic age of 6.5–7.0 days post fertilization (E6.5–7.0) in the mouse embryo (Kojima et al., 2014). We assigned “day 0” mouse EpiS cells to be the equivalent of in vivo E6.5. As both human ES cells and ...
- Wiley Online Library
... et al., 2004). Some of the transferred genes cause uncontrolled cell division, while others direct the synthesis of bacterial nutrients called opines. A. tumefaciens, however, is not an obligate pathogen, as it can grow vigorously as a saprophyte. It can also colonize plants without causing any symp ...
... et al., 2004). Some of the transferred genes cause uncontrolled cell division, while others direct the synthesis of bacterial nutrients called opines. A. tumefaciens, however, is not an obligate pathogen, as it can grow vigorously as a saprophyte. It can also colonize plants without causing any symp ...
Poster GIGA DAY Lechanteur
... Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) such as HPV16 and HPV18 can induce cervical cancer. In this case, the two HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are essential players in order to immortalize keratinocytes by decreasing tumor suppressor genes (p53 and pRb). Gene therapy is a promising strategy to treat cancer in or ...
... Human Papillomaviruses (HPV) such as HPV16 and HPV18 can induce cervical cancer. In this case, the two HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are essential players in order to immortalize keratinocytes by decreasing tumor suppressor genes (p53 and pRb). Gene therapy is a promising strategy to treat cancer in or ...
Strategies utilized by trophically diverse fungal
... different states within a very short distance, including meristematic and elongating cells, and cells undergoing various kinds of differentiation (Scheres et al. 2002). Root tips are also a zone of active ROS production (Liszkay et al. 2004). Therefore, the precise determination of the physiological ...
... different states within a very short distance, including meristematic and elongating cells, and cells undergoing various kinds of differentiation (Scheres et al. 2002). Root tips are also a zone of active ROS production (Liszkay et al. 2004). Therefore, the precise determination of the physiological ...
A family of abundant plasma membrane
... Bound antibody was visualized with a 2,000× dilution of the rabbit horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rat lg antiserum described for immunoblotting, but for ELISA tetramethylbenzidine was used in the developing solution. In certain instances the immobilized membranes were treated before addition ...
... Bound antibody was visualized with a 2,000× dilution of the rabbit horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rat lg antiserum described for immunoblotting, but for ELISA tetramethylbenzidine was used in the developing solution. In certain instances the immobilized membranes were treated before addition ...
antibodies
... The serum IgG from her was assumed to be monoclonal because it migrated as a tight band on electrophoresis in an agarose gel, and because it reacted with antibodies to lambda but not to kappa chains. What other evidence could be brought to bear to prove the monoclonality of this IgG? The IgG could a ...
... The serum IgG from her was assumed to be monoclonal because it migrated as a tight band on electrophoresis in an agarose gel, and because it reacted with antibodies to lambda but not to kappa chains. What other evidence could be brought to bear to prove the monoclonality of this IgG? The IgG could a ...
Ep iclo ne A H G Po ly A H G A nti-Ig G
... The complement system, denoted by the letter C, has been found to consist of a complex group of soluble serum proteins made up of at least nine components labelled sequentially C1 to C9. Activation of complement causes these proteins to follow a cascading pathway that may result in a range of effect ...
... The complement system, denoted by the letter C, has been found to consist of a complex group of soluble serum proteins made up of at least nine components labelled sequentially C1 to C9. Activation of complement causes these proteins to follow a cascading pathway that may result in a range of effect ...
Tensile Properties of Arabidopsis Cell Walls Depend on Both a
... Plant Physiology, June 2003, Vol. 132, pp. 1033–1040, www.plantphysiol.org © 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists ...
... Plant Physiology, June 2003, Vol. 132, pp. 1033–1040, www.plantphysiol.org © 2003 American Society of Plant Biologists ...
RNA nuclear export is blocked by poliovirus 2A protease and is
... Next, we decided to assay the impact of PV 2Apro on the export of bulk cellular mRNAs using in-situ-hybridization assays with a fluorescein-labeled oligo d(T) probe against poly(A) tail. Oligo d(A) probe or a mixture of both probes [either 1:1 or 5:1 ratio of oligo d(A) to oligo d(T)] was used as a ...
... Next, we decided to assay the impact of PV 2Apro on the export of bulk cellular mRNAs using in-situ-hybridization assays with a fluorescein-labeled oligo d(T) probe against poly(A) tail. Oligo d(A) probe or a mixture of both probes [either 1:1 or 5:1 ratio of oligo d(A) to oligo d(T)] was used as a ...
In Vitro and in Vivo Ultrastructural Changes Induced by Macrolide
... L6 cells were seeded at 2.0 x 10* cells/dish in polycarbonate filterlined 35-mm tissue culture dishes in maintenance medium that yielded a monolayer on attachment. The following day, the growth medium was removed and cultures were rinsed with fresh medium without serum. Cultures were incubated for 2 ...
... L6 cells were seeded at 2.0 x 10* cells/dish in polycarbonate filterlined 35-mm tissue culture dishes in maintenance medium that yielded a monolayer on attachment. The following day, the growth medium was removed and cultures were rinsed with fresh medium without serum. Cultures were incubated for 2 ...
PDF
... Fig. 3. Cellular behaviors during the earliest stage of bud development. (A) Growing stage, the proximal end. Inner epithelial cells are squamous. Hemoblasts cannot be recognized. Bar, 25/mi. (B) 36 h after isolation, the proximal end. Inner epithelial cells are cuboidal and the nucleus becomes swol ...
... Fig. 3. Cellular behaviors during the earliest stage of bud development. (A) Growing stage, the proximal end. Inner epithelial cells are squamous. Hemoblasts cannot be recognized. Bar, 25/mi. (B) 36 h after isolation, the proximal end. Inner epithelial cells are cuboidal and the nucleus becomes swol ...
Heading forwards: anterior visceral endoderm migration in
... Basal projections driven by Rho-GTPases and the WAVE complex activity are sent out in the direction of migration forming new cell–cell contact sites (blue gradients). Progressively, apical junctional complexes are turned over and remodelled at the leading edge and back of the cell as the cortical ac ...
... Basal projections driven by Rho-GTPases and the WAVE complex activity are sent out in the direction of migration forming new cell–cell contact sites (blue gradients). Progressively, apical junctional complexes are turned over and remodelled at the leading edge and back of the cell as the cortical ac ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.