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Genetics and Heredity - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
Genetics and Heredity - Fullfrontalanatomy.com

... European descent but is much rarer in other groups. One out of 25 whites (4% ) is a carrier. The normal allele for this gene codes for a membrane protein that functions in chloride ion transport between certain cells and the extracellular fluid. These chloride channels are defective or absent. The r ...
90459 Genetic Variation answers-07
90459 Genetic Variation answers-07

... the two parents. Independent assortment: When (homologous) pairs of chromosomes line up, the arrangement is random, so the two chromosomes are randomly distributed. This leads to different combinations of chromosomes in daughter cells. Segregation: the separation of chromatids produces gametes with ...
Nociceptin mediated microvascular inflammation during sepsis
Nociceptin mediated microvascular inflammation during sepsis

... with an anti-OPG antibody reverses disease in these models. Preliminary data has identified 3 rare haplotypes of the gene encoding OPG in patient samples obtained from the Sheffield Pulmonary Hypertension Biobank and shown that the rare allele of a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ...
making sense out of all the genetic defect buzz
making sense out of all the genetic defect buzz

... extremely effective for individual screening.  This makes dealing with serious genetic defects far easier today than in the  past.  Many defect free individuals with immense genetic value have already been identified within carrier lines.  In some  cases, high value carrier parents can still be util ...
national Polypharmacy Guidance
national Polypharmacy Guidance

... have multiple chronic conditions, requiring multiple treatments. The resulting polypharmacy (use of multiple medicines) can be both appropriate and inappropriate and the key healthcare aim for individual patients is to ensure the on-going safe and effective use of their multiple medicines. Research ...
Document
Document

... municipal sewage treatment facilities (removal efficiency is a function of the drug’s structure and treatment technology employed); the conjugates can be hydrolyzed back to the free parent drug. ...
Psy 5260 – Summer I 2009 Week Seven Lecture Notes
Psy 5260 – Summer I 2009 Week Seven Lecture Notes

... If necessary tx. in a pregnant woman, discontinue use several days before delivery. ...
MyastheniaGravisGWNursing
MyastheniaGravisGWNursing

... drug is administered, if the patient is positive for a myasthenia gravis diagnosis. This relief lasts only 5 minutes, so it is not considered a treatment.  After the drug is administered, the patient's serum is then tested for acetylcholine receptor antibodies, which would also be consistent with t ...
Sodium Chloride - Wirral Medicines Management
Sodium Chloride - Wirral Medicines Management

...  Liaison with GP to agree shared care once patient has been stabilised.  Promoting patient compliance.  Providing information for GPs.  Liaison and monitoring patient response to treatment.  Reporting adverse effects to CSM. GP’s responsibilities:  Prescribing sodium chloride supplements once ...
Course Outline - North Carolina State University
Course Outline - North Carolina State University

A Survey of Human Traits
A Survey of Human Traits

... • Alternate form of a gene for a trait – Blue or Brown are alleles for eye color – Allele may be dominant or recessive (B or b) ...
Testing for Overdose of Acetaminophen
Testing for Overdose of Acetaminophen

... Acetaminophen levels measured before 4 hours postingestion may be unreliable and may underestimate the risk of toxicity because of incomplete drug absorption. If the approximate time of ingestion is unknown, different courses of action have been proposed. Some protocols (including the product inform ...
genetic outcomes
genetic outcomes

... of the human genome is no simple task. But in 2003, after hereditary information 13 years of research by scientists in more than 18 countries, within an organism the Human Genome Project was completed. In addition to identifying and sequencing all of the genetic material, the Project’s goals include ...
Overview of Genetic Testing and Screening
Overview of Genetic Testing and Screening

... genes simultaneously. The process can detect single gene mutations and is often used in cardiovascular and cancer diagnosis, as well as in childhood syndromes. Because of the volume of data, analysis can take some time. Whole Exome Sequencing is now being offered clinically and is recommended when a ...
A Survey of Human Traits
A Survey of Human Traits

... – Blue or Brown are alleles for eye color – Allele may be dominant or recessive (B or b) ...
Oral AntiCoagulants
Oral AntiCoagulants

... rate of stent thrombosis.  Low-dose rivaroxaban reduced CV mortality and all-cause mortality, but this was not observed with the higher dose. The benefits of rivaroxaban were offset by an increased rate of nonfatal bleeding, including ICH, but there was no increase in fatal bleeding. ...
Document
Document

... antigen, he/she will not have the antibody. This is a universal law with few exceptions. •ABO antigens are glycolipids (on the surface of the RBC) or glycoproteins (in secretions). ABO antigens are found on RBC's , lymphs, platelets, tissue cells, bone marrow, and organs. These antigens can be secre ...
Conflict of Interest Disclosure Allison Hughes, MD
Conflict of Interest Disclosure Allison Hughes, MD

... Drug-Drug Interactions Drug-Disease Interactions Medication misuse Cost (financial toxicity) Pill burden ...
Part 1B Population and Community Dynamics - Science
Part 1B Population and Community Dynamics - Science

... the population is said to be at genetic equilibrium or Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.  a population at genetic equilibrium does not change or evolve over time.  populations evolve and change when one of the Hardy-Weinberg principles are not met. ...
Probability section 4
Probability section 4

... parent will pass on to its offspring is based on probability. Two useful terms that geneticists use to describe organisms are genotype and phenotype. An organism’s phenotype is its physical appearance, or visible traits. An organism’s genotype is its genetic makeup, or allele combinations. ...
ALDEN, an Algorithm for Assessment of Drug Causality in Stevens
ALDEN, an Algorithm for Assessment of Drug Causality in Stevens

... assessment for EN should therefore rely on validated methods. For rare outcomes, the case–control design is considered most appropriate for valid assessment of global medication risks.13 However, it does not provide the individual causality assessment needed for the patient’s immediate and future ca ...
Sylabus - English Division
Sylabus - English Division

... muscular atrophy, hemochromatosis, Wilson’s disease, mukopolisacharydosis (I, II, III, VI), Smith-LemliOpitz syndrome [gene, phenotype, natural history, medical issues and clinical management, recurrence risk, prenatal diagnosis, genetic counselling]. 9. X-linked inheritance. Basic concepts: charact ...
GNRS4Addictions - Geriatrics Care Online
GNRS4Addictions - Geriatrics Care Online

... • An 82-year-old woman comes to the office to establish care. She is accompanied by her daughter, who is concerned that her mother’s use of diazepam is related to recent falls and problems with balance. ...
Pharmacokinetics is
Pharmacokinetics is

... • Invasive methods include sampling blood, spinal fluid, synovial fluid, tissue biopsy, or any biologic material that requires parenteral or surgical intervention in the patient. • Noninvasive ve methods include sampling of urine, saliva, feces, expired air, or any biologic material that can be obta ...


... deficiency which does not allow the body to process the amino acid phenylalanine. What percent of the population are carriers for this recessive disease? 1 in 10, 000 ; recessive = q2 ; q2 = .0001 ; q = .01 p = 1 – q ; p = 1 - .01 ; p = .99 p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 ; 2pq = 2(.99)(.01) = .0198 therefore: 2% ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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