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... fenestrated or discontinuous (sinusoidal). Discontinuous capillaries characteristically have larger diameter and more irregularly shaped lumen than that of other capillaries. Furthermore, these large diameter capillaries may have gaps between endothelial cells and have sparse or absent basal lamina ...


... Jmol Questions – You will need to view two Jmol pages for this problem set 7. Visit the first Jmol page and answer the following questions. i) Is the label “A” at the 5’ or 3’ end of the molecule? Why? The first carbon that is encountered as you proceed down the chain is the 5’ carbon. Remember that ...
analgesia in rats and mice
analgesia in rats and mice

... some renal effects may be seen as well. No studies of effects in pregnancy have been completed (pregnant humans only use it on advice from their doctors) and it is excreted in small amounts into milk. Carprofen Carprofen (Rimadyl) is an NSAID which has a much more selective effect than Ibuprofen (it ...
Protein Data Bank Advisory Committee
Protein Data Bank Advisory Committee

... • collects triglycerides from very low density or low density lipoproteins (VLDL or LDL) and exchanges them for cholesteryl esters from high density lipoproteins (and vice versa) • A long tunnel with two major binding sites. Docking studies suggest that it possible that torcetrapib binds to both of ...
Active GE relation
Active GE relation

... • A genotype can lead to a range of phenotypes depending on the environment • People with PKU genotype: those who eat normal diet will be mentally retarded, but those who eat special diet will have normal intelligence ...
Tenesha Keyes - McMurry University
Tenesha Keyes - McMurry University

... “Temazepam is produced as a gel-filled capsule, designed to be taken orally. A normal therapeutic dose of Temazepam would be 10mg-30mg. If you have a normal dose of Temazepam you may feel less anxious and start to feel relaxed and sleepy. At higher doses the effects are similar to alcohol - you may ...
Lecture 30 - University of Maryland, College Park
Lecture 30 - University of Maryland, College Park

... The paradox of antiviral drugs • Although we know more about the molecular biology of most viruses than about any other pathogen, we have very few drugs in our antiviral arsenal. • One of the reasons is that viruses utilize so many host functions, that to poison the virus is also to poison the host ...
Memorandum 1188 ‘03  MAR13 1~48
Memorandum 1188 ‘03 MAR13 1~48

... Therefore,your product may be adulteratedunder 21 U.S.C. 342(f)(l)(B) as a dietary supplementthat containsnew dietary ingredient(s)for which there is inadequateinformation to provide reasonableassurancethat it does not presenta significantor unreasonablerisk of illnessor injury. Introduction of such ...
B3a Worksheet 3: DNA
B3a Worksheet 3: DNA

... Six young rats were given a small dose of the active ingredient in cannabis every three days. The dose given was equivalent to a teenage human smoking one cannabis ‘joint’. Another six rats of the same age did not receive the cannabis ingredient. After eight weeks, both groups of rats were fitted wi ...
p. 85 Genetic Disorders
p. 85 Genetic Disorders

... Human Genetic Disorders  Types of Genetic Disorders: 3) Hemophilia: a genetic disorder in which a person’s blood clots very slowly or not at all -caused by a recessive allele on the X chromosome, more common in males 4) Down Syndrome: a person’s cells have an extra copy of ...
Look-Alike, Sound-Alike Medication Names
Look-Alike, Sound-Alike Medication Names

... problematic elsewhere. For example, the drugs Losec (omeprazole) and Lasix (furosemide) are problematic worldwide. More research is needed to develop the best methods for assuring that new brand names and nonproprietary names cannot be confused. In addition, world regulatory authorities and the glob ...
patent protection for new uses of known drugs
patent protection for new uses of known drugs

... The dosage regime associated with a particular therapy can have a profound effect on the efficacy of the treatment. The regime may include, for example, the amount of drug administered, frequency of administration, time of day administered etc. In the case mentioned above, the only novel aspect of t ...
Document
Document

... A small # of drugs produce their physiological effect without interacting with receptors. Examples: Drugs that bind to enzymes interfere with the normal activity of the enzyme in one of 2 ways CompetitiveNon-competitiveDrugs can also bind to membrane transport proteins (competitively and non-compet ...
Medical errors related to look-alike and sound
Medical errors related to look-alike and sound

Autism Tied to Genes That Influence Brain Cell
Autism Tied to Genes That Influence Brain Cell

... Three genome-wide association studies have identified genetic factors that affect the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Understanding how these genetic variations affect brain development will suggest new strategies for diagnosing and treating ASD. ASDs are characterized by social and communi ...
159 - ASIPP
159 - ASIPP

... D. Side effects of a given dose are less severe over time E. A medication is less effective, changing to a different medication restores the effect 195. Identify evidence-based recommendations of meperidine use in chronic pain. A. Given no more frequently than every four hours for 6 months B. Used i ...
Psyc 303_2012_L Notes_Substance Use Disorders
Psyc 303_2012_L Notes_Substance Use Disorders

... -Experimentation during adolescence ...
Ch 9 HW - TeacherWeb
Ch 9 HW - TeacherWeb

... 3. Review questions- number each one and answer on a separate sheet of paper, you do not need to rewrite the questions. 1. Explain Mendel’s law of segregation 2. How did the monohybrid crosses performed by Mendel refute the blending concept of inheritance? 3. How id a monohybrid testcross used today ...
Direct to Consumer Advertising for Prescription Drugs
Direct to Consumer Advertising for Prescription Drugs

... selection of specific drugs for patients should be based upon the recommendations of physicians familiar with the illnesses of their specific patients. We are concerned that advertising will result in increased consumption of these drugs; though their use may neither be appropriate nor necessary. A ...
GoalandObjectives-Geriatrics complete [12-18
GoalandObjectives-Geriatrics complete [12-18

... An Old Alcoholic Male with parkinson, strokes, and dementia who can’t see, hear or ...
Roadrunner Express Winter 2015 Edition
Roadrunner Express Winter 2015 Edition

... Sadly, the fact that the prices of generic drugs have risen dramatically is no longer news. Since July, stories about skyrocketing generic drug prices have proliferated, including multiple examples of drug costs that have been hiked to a staggering and even unbelievable degree. Overall, 50% of gener ...
Emerging treatments in Crohn*s disease and ulcerative colitis
Emerging treatments in Crohn*s disease and ulcerative colitis

... • Phase 2 placebo RCT – 194 adults active UC assigned to 4 different doses of tofacitinib or placebo ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... been established. Since herbal products are not regulated by the FDA, quality and standardization of products cannot be assured. Although Miracle Herb 2000 may be safe in small amounts for patients without contraindications, lack of support for its efficacy does not warrant recommendations for use a ...
SPANBEC (GLIMEPIRIDE 1/2/3 gm) GENERIC NAME : Glimepride
SPANBEC (GLIMEPIRIDE 1/2/3 gm) GENERIC NAME : Glimepride

... Care is to be taken while using drug in hepatic/renal/cardiac impairment. There is risk of hypoglycemia in the initial treatment. So, it requires careful monitoring of glucose levels in blood and urine regularly. ...
one length from each parent
one length from each parent

... (one length from each parent) ...
< 1 ... 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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