P T ASSIVE RANSPORT
... SHORT ANSWER 1. Photosynthesis involves many chemical reactions linked such that the product of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction. 2. Chloroplasts have an inner membrane system consisting of thylakoids. The pumping of protons into the thylakoids builds up a proton concentration gradient ...
... SHORT ANSWER 1. Photosynthesis involves many chemical reactions linked such that the product of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction. 2. Chloroplasts have an inner membrane system consisting of thylakoids. The pumping of protons into the thylakoids builds up a proton concentration gradient ...
Cell Structure & Function
... • Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal • Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes ...
... • Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates • Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal • Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes ...
Name Date Pd. Under what conditions do cells gain or lose water? A
... If the concentration of water molecules is greater outside a cell, then the solution is hypotonic to the cell. Water will move into the cell by osmosis. The pressure against the inside of the cell membrane will steadily increase. If the pressure becomes great enough, the cell membrane will burst. A ...
... If the concentration of water molecules is greater outside a cell, then the solution is hypotonic to the cell. Water will move into the cell by osmosis. The pressure against the inside of the cell membrane will steadily increase. If the pressure becomes great enough, the cell membrane will burst. A ...
The Plasma Membrane
... Without it, a cell is nothing more than a popped balloon, spilling its contents out into space. ...
... Without it, a cell is nothing more than a popped balloon, spilling its contents out into space. ...
Cellular Processes
... evenly distributed throughout the space; this even distribution is called equilibrium. ...
... evenly distributed throughout the space; this even distribution is called equilibrium. ...
If I Were the Most Important Cell Organelle…. For nearly 1.5 billion
... If I Were the Most Important Cell Organelle…. For nearly 1.5 billion years, the nucleus has boasted its ability to direct cell activities. But now, all of the other cell organelles have called for an “organelle election.” The organelles have hired you to organize and run their individual election ca ...
... If I Were the Most Important Cell Organelle…. For nearly 1.5 billion years, the nucleus has boasted its ability to direct cell activities. But now, all of the other cell organelles have called for an “organelle election.” The organelles have hired you to organize and run their individual election ca ...
2.-1
... – mediated transport moves materials with the help of a transporter protein – nonmediated transport does not use a transporter protein – active transport uses ATP to drive substances against their concentration gradients – passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient with onl ...
... – mediated transport moves materials with the help of a transporter protein – nonmediated transport does not use a transporter protein – active transport uses ATP to drive substances against their concentration gradients – passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient with onl ...
THE CELL - Personal
... • The random movement of particles (molecules or ions) under the influence of their own thermal energy, from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration, or “downhill.” • Diffusion of molecules or ions may take place in a liquid, gas, or solid or through nonliving o ...
... • The random movement of particles (molecules or ions) under the influence of their own thermal energy, from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration, or “downhill.” • Diffusion of molecules or ions may take place in a liquid, gas, or solid or through nonliving o ...
Plasma Membrane
... • Facilitated diffusion involves the use of a protein to facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane. • Cell Animations (scroll down to Carriermediated passive transport Facilitated transport) ...
... • Facilitated diffusion involves the use of a protein to facilitate the movement of molecules across the membrane. • Cell Animations (scroll down to Carriermediated passive transport Facilitated transport) ...
asdfs
... about 1% salt in his body. Freshwater is close to 0% salt. Will water move into or out of this kind of ...
... about 1% salt in his body. Freshwater is close to 0% salt. Will water move into or out of this kind of ...
Cell Analogy Project
... * Work on 3 (nucleus) and 4 (chromatin) at the same time * Work on 5 (mitochondria) and 6 (chloroplasts) at the same time * Work on 7 (ribosomes), 8 (protein), 9 (rough ER) and 10 (Golgi Body) at same time since they all have to do with protein production 5. Example Analogy key: (if you were compari ...
... * Work on 3 (nucleus) and 4 (chromatin) at the same time * Work on 5 (mitochondria) and 6 (chloroplasts) at the same time * Work on 7 (ribosomes), 8 (protein), 9 (rough ER) and 10 (Golgi Body) at same time since they all have to do with protein production 5. Example Analogy key: (if you were compari ...
Edible Cell Project
... It is to be three dimensional, taking the shape of an actual cell. The model is NOT to be a flat icing drawing on top of a cake. The size of each organelle must be in proportion of each other as they are in the cell. SUGGESTIONS: if you use jello or pudding keep in mind that candies may dissolve aft ...
... It is to be three dimensional, taking the shape of an actual cell. The model is NOT to be a flat icing drawing on top of a cake. The size of each organelle must be in proportion of each other as they are in the cell. SUGGESTIONS: if you use jello or pudding keep in mind that candies may dissolve aft ...
cell membrane - Madison County Schools
... Can take up more than half the cells volume Holds large amounts of water, food & waste Plays an important role in plant structure. Vacuoles in flower petals contain pigments to attract insects! ...
... Can take up more than half the cells volume Holds large amounts of water, food & waste Plays an important role in plant structure. Vacuoles in flower petals contain pigments to attract insects! ...
The Cell cp 13
... Cells must get nutrients in & wastes out of the cell in order to stay alive. They have several methods of doing this. Some methods expend energy. Some do not. The cell membrane regulates what enters & leaves the cell & also provides protection & support. The cell membrane is a double-layered sheet c ...
... Cells must get nutrients in & wastes out of the cell in order to stay alive. They have several methods of doing this. Some methods expend energy. Some do not. The cell membrane regulates what enters & leaves the cell & also provides protection & support. The cell membrane is a double-layered sheet c ...
Chapter 4 – Cells and their Environment
... – Carry the substance across the membrane – Release the substance where it is needed by concentration gradient – This “ride-along” of the substance is known as facilitated diffusion ...
... – Carry the substance across the membrane – Release the substance where it is needed by concentration gradient – This “ride-along” of the substance is known as facilitated diffusion ...
Prelab Worksheet Words
... Spindles disappear Centromeres line up in center of cell Centrioles move to opposite sides of cell Cell furrow forms and cells divide Shortest phase Cytokinesis occurs ...
... Spindles disappear Centromeres line up in center of cell Centrioles move to opposite sides of cell Cell furrow forms and cells divide Shortest phase Cytokinesis occurs ...
Cell Transport Notes
... •Bacteria and plants have cell walls that prevent them from over-expanding. In plants the pressure exerted on the cell wall is called tugor pressure. •A protist like paramecium has contractile vacuoles that collect water flowing in and pump it out to prevent them from over-expanding. •Salt water fis ...
... •Bacteria and plants have cell walls that prevent them from over-expanding. In plants the pressure exerted on the cell wall is called tugor pressure. •A protist like paramecium has contractile vacuoles that collect water flowing in and pump it out to prevent them from over-expanding. •Salt water fis ...
cells - Fort Bend ISD
... from the sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. ...
... from the sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. ...
Afraid of the Dark - Dr. Lodge McCammon
... the jelly-like cytoplasm allows for almost total flexibility, in concert with the flexible cell membrane, so that the cell is able to move through small spaces such as ...
... the jelly-like cytoplasm allows for almost total flexibility, in concert with the flexible cell membrane, so that the cell is able to move through small spaces such as ...
G. Cell Surfaces and Junctions
... up to 130,000 revolutions per minute and apply forces more than 1 million times gravity (1,000,000 g). Fractionation begins with homogenization, gently disrupting the cell. Then, the homogenate is spun in a centrifuge to separate heavier pieces into the pellet while lighter particles remain in t ...
... up to 130,000 revolutions per minute and apply forces more than 1 million times gravity (1,000,000 g). Fractionation begins with homogenization, gently disrupting the cell. Then, the homogenate is spun in a centrifuge to separate heavier pieces into the pellet while lighter particles remain in t ...
membrane transport class notes
... – Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails” – The “heads” are polar molecules ...
... – Do not like water ( think of oil + water) – the “tails” – The “heads” are polar molecules ...
Cytoplasmic streaming
Cytoplasmic streaming, also called protoplasmic streaming and cyclosis, is the directed flow of cytosol (the liquid component of the cytoplasm) and organelles around large fungal and plant cells through the mediation of actin. This movement aids in the delivery of organelles, nutrients, metabolites, genetic information, and other materials to all parts of the cell. Cytoplasmic streaming occurs along actin filaments in the cytoskeleton of the cell.Cytoplasmic streaming was first discovered in the 1830s. The scientific breakthrough assisted scientists in developing an understanding of the different roles of cells and how they function as the basic operating systems of life.This process occurs through the operation of motor proteins called myosins.These proteins use energy of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to act as a molecular motor, which slides along actin filaments. This works in a manner that tows the organelles and other cytoplasmic contents in the same direction. Myosin proteins consist of two conjoined proteins. If one protein remains attached to the substrate, the substance acted upon by the protein, such as a microfilament, has the ability to move organelles through the cytoplasm.The green alga genus Chara and other genera in the Division Charophyta, such as Coleochaete, are thought to be the closest relatives of land plants. These haploid organisms contain some of the largest plant cells on earth, a single cell of which can reach up to 10 cm in length. The large size of these cells demands an efficient means to distribute resources, which is enabled via cytoplasmic streaming.Cytoplasmic streaming is strongly dependent upon intracellular pH and temperature. It has been observed that the effect of temperature on cytoplasmic streaming created linear variance and dependence at different high temperatures in comparison to low temperatures. This process is complicated, with temperature alterations in the system increasing its efficiency, with other factors such as the transport of ions across the membrane being simultaneously affected. This is due to cells homeostasis depending upon active transport which may be affected at some critical temperatures.In plant cells, chloroplasts may be moved around with the stream, possibly to a position of optimum light absorption for photosynthesis. The rate of motion is usually affected by light exposure, temperature, and pH levels.In reference to pH, because actin and myosin are both proteins, strong dependence on pH is expected. The optimal pH at which cytoplasmic streaming is highest, is achieved at neutral pH and decreases at both low and high pH.The flow of cytoplasm may be stopped by:Adding Lugol's iodine solutionAdding Cytochalasin D (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide)↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑