Lesson Overview - Enfield High School
... 322 B.C.) Aristotle made two groups – plants and animals Plants were placed in subgroups based on size (herbs, shrubs, and trees) Animals were placed in subgroups based on where they lived (land, air, and water) The problem with Aristotle’s system was that some organisms did not fit easily into ...
... 322 B.C.) Aristotle made two groups – plants and animals Plants were placed in subgroups based on size (herbs, shrubs, and trees) Animals were placed in subgroups based on where they lived (land, air, and water) The problem with Aristotle’s system was that some organisms did not fit easily into ...
Division, and Morphogenesis in Plants
... three early domains, showing that the final definition of organs and the positioning of organ boundaries are later events (Scheres et al., 1994). The root, for example, derives from cell groups that have been separated from the first zygotic division onward (Fig. 2). The first region, encompassing m ...
... three early domains, showing that the final definition of organs and the positioning of organ boundaries are later events (Scheres et al., 1994). The root, for example, derives from cell groups that have been separated from the first zygotic division onward (Fig. 2). The first region, encompassing m ...
Planta
... acids that are metabolized within hours by soil microorganisms (Jones et al. 2003), while specialized microbes, referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), generate an array of biologically active compounds that elicit growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants ...
... acids that are metabolized within hours by soil microorganisms (Jones et al. 2003), while specialized microbes, referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), generate an array of biologically active compounds that elicit growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants ...
Patterns of Cell Division, Cell Differentiation and Cell Elongation in
... stages pedicel growth is exponential, while during the final stage growth becomes linear and depends on flower fertilization. During the first stage, the average cell cycle duration in the cortex and during symmetric divisions of epidermal cells was constant and cells divided at a fairly specific si ...
... stages pedicel growth is exponential, while during the final stage growth becomes linear and depends on flower fertilization. During the first stage, the average cell cycle duration in the cortex and during symmetric divisions of epidermal cells was constant and cells divided at a fairly specific si ...
PDF + SI - Development - The Company of Biologists
... expression of the SOMBRERO transcription factor (Fendrych et al., 2014), in a mechanism that could be functionally similar to that mediated by ZOU. More detailed biophysical analysis as well as detailed cell structure analysis will help to clarify whether molecular pathways are shared between these ...
... expression of the SOMBRERO transcription factor (Fendrych et al., 2014), in a mechanism that could be functionally similar to that mediated by ZOU. More detailed biophysical analysis as well as detailed cell structure analysis will help to clarify whether molecular pathways are shared between these ...
full text pdf
... abnormalities in pollen development), we wanted to check microsporogenesis and pollen morphology in G. quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav., especially since Galinsoga species were suspected in the case of apomixis (Pietrusiewicz et al., 2005). This seems to be valuable because of the interesting nature of thi ...
... abnormalities in pollen development), we wanted to check microsporogenesis and pollen morphology in G. quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav., especially since Galinsoga species were suspected in the case of apomixis (Pietrusiewicz et al., 2005). This seems to be valuable because of the interesting nature of thi ...
Mechanisms of size control Christopher J Potter* and
... would appear that a major mechanism to regulate organ size would be a monitor of organ mass. The preceding studies suggest that these known methods of regulating cell proliferation can be separated from organ size control. However, differences in organ size between species are most often a result of ...
... would appear that a major mechanism to regulate organ size would be a monitor of organ mass. The preceding studies suggest that these known methods of regulating cell proliferation can be separated from organ size control. However, differences in organ size between species are most often a result of ...
[Project Name] Post
... considerably contributed to this field of study by firstly proposing the use of regenerated cellulose hydrogels (RCH) for orthopedic applications. Cellulose Regenerated by the Viscose process (CRV®) was patented and thoroughly investigated in terms of physicochemical, mechanical and biological prope ...
... considerably contributed to this field of study by firstly proposing the use of regenerated cellulose hydrogels (RCH) for orthopedic applications. Cellulose Regenerated by the Viscose process (CRV®) was patented and thoroughly investigated in terms of physicochemical, mechanical and biological prope ...
Cell Division Activity during Apical Hook
... (Fig. 3B). The apical part contained 1.7 times more cells compared with the basal part. In addition, Cyc1B-GUS was predominantly expressed at the apical part of the hook, as determined by the number of cells expressing GUS (Fig. 2D). These results indicate that the differential growth along the apic ...
... (Fig. 3B). The apical part contained 1.7 times more cells compared with the basal part. In addition, Cyc1B-GUS was predominantly expressed at the apical part of the hook, as determined by the number of cells expressing GUS (Fig. 2D). These results indicate that the differential growth along the apic ...
What Are Fungi?
... – The cell walls of fungi are composed of chitin, a polymer made of modified sugars that is also found in the external skeletons of insects. – The presence of chitin is one of several features that show fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants. ...
... – The cell walls of fungi are composed of chitin, a polymer made of modified sugars that is also found in the external skeletons of insects. – The presence of chitin is one of several features that show fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants. ...
Biochemical control of xylan biosynthesis — which end is up?
... the backbone of dicot xylans or genes encoding xylanspecific O-acetyl transferases have been identified. Radiolabeled GlcA has been reported to be transferred from UDP-14C-GlcA to xylo-oligosaccharides in the presence of Arabidopsis microsomes [20]. However, the products formed were not structurally c ...
... the backbone of dicot xylans or genes encoding xylanspecific O-acetyl transferases have been identified. Radiolabeled GlcA has been reported to be transferred from UDP-14C-GlcA to xylo-oligosaccharides in the presence of Arabidopsis microsomes [20]. However, the products formed were not structurally c ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
... 19. Genome sequencing projects are complete or in progress for many fungi other than Neurospora crassa. Search the Internet for a list of these fungi, choose one, and describe some discoveries that have come from research on the species you chose. [Answers will vary]. 20. Why might it be challenging ...
... 19. Genome sequencing projects are complete or in progress for many fungi other than Neurospora crassa. Search the Internet for a list of these fungi, choose one, and describe some discoveries that have come from research on the species you chose. [Answers will vary]. 20. Why might it be challenging ...
Podosome-type adhesions and focal adhesions, so alike yet so
... Many distinct types of adhesions between cells and the extracellular matrix have been described: focal complexes, focal adhesions, fibrillar adhesions, podosomes and invadopodia (Fig.1). These cell-extracellular matrix interactions are all mediated through different specialized subcellular sites tha ...
... Many distinct types of adhesions between cells and the extracellular matrix have been described: focal complexes, focal adhesions, fibrillar adhesions, podosomes and invadopodia (Fig.1). These cell-extracellular matrix interactions are all mediated through different specialized subcellular sites tha ...
Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases Define a trans
... Online version contains Web-only data. www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.107.052001 ...
... Online version contains Web-only data. www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.107.052001 ...
Structural and chemical differences in the cell wall regions in
... been detected in fresh and dehydrated onion tissue, has been proposed to affect the firmness of thermally processed onion.15,16 This suggests that PME may play an active role in modifying the texture of onion. Although PG activity has not been investigated in onion, it has been correlated to a loss ...
... been detected in fresh and dehydrated onion tissue, has been proposed to affect the firmness of thermally processed onion.15,16 This suggests that PME may play an active role in modifying the texture of onion. Although PG activity has not been investigated in onion, it has been correlated to a loss ...
Embryo sac formation and early embryo development inAgave
... The process of megagametogenesis starts with the increase in size of the FM, which is about 43 μm long and 25 μm wide. At this stage, the hypostase starts to be visible just above the FM in the nucellar tissue; this structure was detected as a well defined and intensely stained group of cells, which ...
... The process of megagametogenesis starts with the increase in size of the FM, which is about 43 μm long and 25 μm wide. At this stage, the hypostase starts to be visible just above the FM in the nucellar tissue; this structure was detected as a well defined and intensely stained group of cells, which ...
How plant cells explore geometry - The polarity induction and
... are investigated. A standardized system was developed to generate and integrate quantitative data on the temporal patterns of regeneration stages. Hereinafter this system was integrated into a microfluidic platform to study the impacts of chemical and geometrical stimuli during the establishment of ...
... are investigated. A standardized system was developed to generate and integrate quantitative data on the temporal patterns of regeneration stages. Hereinafter this system was integrated into a microfluidic platform to study the impacts of chemical and geometrical stimuli during the establishment of ...
Model-Based Analysis of Arabidopsis Leaf Epidermal Cells Reveals
... accumulation sites (Benková et al., 2003). At these positions, a number of cells start to bulge out from the meristem and eventually will form the basis of the leaf primordium when cell division proceeds (Reinhardt et al., 2000; Pien et al., 2001). Dorsiventrality is specified early during primordiu ...
... accumulation sites (Benková et al., 2003). At these positions, a number of cells start to bulge out from the meristem and eventually will form the basis of the leaf primordium when cell division proceeds (Reinhardt et al., 2000; Pien et al., 2001). Dorsiventrality is specified early during primordiu ...
Francis B. Quinn, Jr., MD, FACS – Archivist
... development. The primordial uncinate process can be seen as an evagination from the lateral wall with early ossification (arrow). Lateral to the primordial uncinate, a corresponding invagination forms the primordial infundibulum. Source: Kennedy chatp 1 ...
... development. The primordial uncinate process can be seen as an evagination from the lateral wall with early ossification (arrow). Lateral to the primordial uncinate, a corresponding invagination forms the primordial infundibulum. Source: Kennedy chatp 1 ...
Significance of hydrolytic enzymes expressed during xylem
... The probably simplest conduits are found in some bryophytes that can transport water over short distances in simple thin-walled tubular structures, called hydroids. It has, however, been suggested, that hydroids ...
... The probably simplest conduits are found in some bryophytes that can transport water over short distances in simple thin-walled tubular structures, called hydroids. It has, however, been suggested, that hydroids ...
Cytokinesis-Defective Mutants of Arabidopsis
... During the process of cell division, cells undergo four key transitions: entry into S phase (DNA replication), entry into mitosis, exit from mitosis, and the onset and execution of cytokinesis, the partitioning of the cytoplasm after nuclear division. The key regulators of entry into S phase and mit ...
... During the process of cell division, cells undergo four key transitions: entry into S phase (DNA replication), entry into mitosis, exit from mitosis, and the onset and execution of cytokinesis, the partitioning of the cytoplasm after nuclear division. The key regulators of entry into S phase and mit ...
hyphae spores
... terms such as roots, photosynthesis, and mutualism. 4. Some antifungal medications can damage the patient’s own tissues. Why doesn’t this problem occur with antibiotics? ...
... terms such as roots, photosynthesis, and mutualism. 4. Some antifungal medications can damage the patient’s own tissues. Why doesn’t this problem occur with antibiotics? ...
Computational Models Reveal a Passive Mechanism for Cell
... generate additional space for cells below to expand and migrate upwards. This release could relay downwards to allow mitosis. In this scenario, cell positioning would be supported by known signalling pathways, e.g. Eph/ephrin signalling. To increase our understanding of migration in the crypt, we us ...
... generate additional space for cells below to expand and migrate upwards. This release could relay downwards to allow mitosis. In this scenario, cell positioning would be supported by known signalling pathways, e.g. Eph/ephrin signalling. To increase our understanding of migration in the crypt, we us ...
Rhinology: Sinus Anatomy and Embryology
... attachment of middle turbinate to create a unilateral ...
... attachment of middle turbinate to create a unilateral ...
Cell wall
The cell wall is a tough, flexible and sometimes rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells. It surrounds the cell membrane and provides these cells with structural support and protection. In addition, the cell wall acts as a filtering mechanism. A major function of the cell wall is to act as a pressure vessel, preventing over-expansion when water enters the cell. Cell walls are found in plants, fungi and prokaryotic cells but not in mycoplasmas.The composition of the cell wall varies between species and may depend on cell type and developmental stage. The primary cell wall of land plants is composed of the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. In bacteria, peptidoglycan forms the cell wall. Archaean cell walls have various compositions, and may be formed of glycoprotein S-layers, pseudopeptidoglycan, or polysaccharides. Fungi possess cell walls made of the glucosamine polymer chitin, and algae typically possess walls made of glycoproteins and polysaccharides. Unusually, diatoms have a cell wall composed of biogenic silica. Often, other accessory molecules are found anchored to the cell wall.