The Origin of Life on Earth by Leslie E. Orgel Growing evidence
... By what series of chemical reactions did this interdependent system of nucleic acids and proteins come into being? Anyone trying to solve this puzzle immediately encounters a paradox. Nowadays nucleic acids are synthesized only with the help of proteins, and proteins are synthesized only if their co ...
... By what series of chemical reactions did this interdependent system of nucleic acids and proteins come into being? Anyone trying to solve this puzzle immediately encounters a paradox. Nowadays nucleic acids are synthesized only with the help of proteins, and proteins are synthesized only if their co ...
BioTeke Corporation Technical Manual
... conditions are then adjusted. The sample is then applied to a spin-column and centrifuged. DNA binds to the silicified membrane while contaminants such as proteins and polysaccharides are efficiently removed by two-step wash. Purified DNA is eluted in a small volume of low ionic strength buffer or w ...
... conditions are then adjusted. The sample is then applied to a spin-column and centrifuged. DNA binds to the silicified membrane while contaminants such as proteins and polysaccharides are efficiently removed by two-step wash. Purified DNA is eluted in a small volume of low ionic strength buffer or w ...
Recombinant DNA Technology
... • Stable transfection with viral vectors. The virus carries the DNA into the cell more efficiently than any other method. – You need to select the rare cells that have incorporated the DNA using a drug resistance gene as part of the transformation vector. The only cells that survive treatment with t ...
... • Stable transfection with viral vectors. The virus carries the DNA into the cell more efficiently than any other method. – You need to select the rare cells that have incorporated the DNA using a drug resistance gene as part of the transformation vector. The only cells that survive treatment with t ...
Construction of Recombinant Expression Vectors to Study the Effect
... The culture was then split into two equal volumes and isopropylβ-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was added to a concentration of 100 mM in one of the samples. IPTG-induced and uninduced samples were then incubated overnight. Sample concentrations were normalized by measuring optical density (OD600 nm ...
... The culture was then split into two equal volumes and isopropylβ-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was added to a concentration of 100 mM in one of the samples. IPTG-induced and uninduced samples were then incubated overnight. Sample concentrations were normalized by measuring optical density (OD600 nm ...
Proteomic Analysis of Methylarginine
... spectrometric analyses. The identities of 11 spots were suggested by Mascot analyses of the MS as well as the MS/ MS data (Table 1). Among these, three proteins are suggested for one intensely stained protein spot (spot 3), and two spots (spot 15 and 16) were identified as the same protein. We ident ...
... spectrometric analyses. The identities of 11 spots were suggested by Mascot analyses of the MS as well as the MS/ MS data (Table 1). Among these, three proteins are suggested for one intensely stained protein spot (spot 3), and two spots (spot 15 and 16) were identified as the same protein. We ident ...
Separation and Purification Methods
... necessary to purify compounds for further use—for example, the isolation of morphine from poppy seeds or the purification of intermediates in a multistep organic synthesis. The most common techniques fall into three broad categories—extraction, chromatography, distillation. Each are based on slightl ...
... necessary to purify compounds for further use—for example, the isolation of morphine from poppy seeds or the purification of intermediates in a multistep organic synthesis. The most common techniques fall into three broad categories—extraction, chromatography, distillation. Each are based on slightl ...
PCR primers for the amplification of the nuclear small subunit
... (Currently, many researchers use “Radiolaria” as a conventional name, which comprehensively indicates the Acantharea, the Polycystinea, and the Phaeodarea (Table 1)). The first determination of small-subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) sequences in the Polycystinea was reported by Amaral Zettler et al. ...
... (Currently, many researchers use “Radiolaria” as a conventional name, which comprehensively indicates the Acantharea, the Polycystinea, and the Phaeodarea (Table 1)). The first determination of small-subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) sequences in the Polycystinea was reported by Amaral Zettler et al. ...
Gel electrophoresis
Gel electrophoresis is a method for separation and analysis of macromolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their fragments, based on their size and charge. It is used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and/or size (IEF agarose, essentially size independent) and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and RNA fragments by length, to estimate the size of DNA and RNA fragments or to separate proteins by charge.Nucleic acid molecules are separated by applying an electric field to move the negatively charged molecules through a matrix of agarose or other substances. Shorter molecules move faster and migrate farther than longer ones because shorter molecules migrate more easily through the pores of the gel. This phenomenon is called sieving.Proteins are separated by charge in agarose because the pores of the gel are too large to sieve proteins. Gel electrophoresis can also be used for separation of nanoparticles.Gel electrophoresis uses a gel as an anticonvective medium and/or sieving medium during electrophoresis, the movement of a charged particle in an electrical field. Gels suppress the thermal convection caused by application of the electric field, and can also act as a sieving medium, retarding the passage of molecules; gels can also simply serve to maintain the finished separation, so that a post electrophoresis stain can be applied. DNA Gel electrophoresis is usually performed for analytical purposes, often after amplification of DNA via PCR, but may be used as a preparative technique prior to use of other methods such as mass spectrometry, RFLP, PCR, cloning, DNA sequencing, or Southern blotting for further characterization.