pdf - Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center
... target (Go) and nontarget (NoGo) stimulus may be made equivalent in all respects but the critical aspect, namely, the behavioural goal that is ascribed solely to the target stimulus. Previously, the Go/NoGo paradigm has been used to elucidate the brain areas that support the response inhibition proc ...
... target (Go) and nontarget (NoGo) stimulus may be made equivalent in all respects but the critical aspect, namely, the behavioural goal that is ascribed solely to the target stimulus. Previously, the Go/NoGo paradigm has been used to elucidate the brain areas that support the response inhibition proc ...
Alan Peters
... I went out to the University Boat Club, which was located several miles away on the road to Bath. Rowing was not one of the major sports at Bristol University, so the membership of the Boat Club was not very large. Because I had spent some 5 years rowing while at school, I was soon given a place in ...
... I went out to the University Boat Club, which was located several miles away on the road to Bath. Rowing was not one of the major sports at Bristol University, so the membership of the Boat Club was not very large. Because I had spent some 5 years rowing while at school, I was soon given a place in ...
Acquired Equivalence and Distinctiveness of Cues
... Revaluation of A and C and Test Trials With B and D Prior to the appetitive revaluation procedure, we established that rats’ behavior in the presence of B and D did not differ (see following Results section). We did this by recording the rates of magazine entries during the 10-s periods that immedia ...
... Revaluation of A and C and Test Trials With B and D Prior to the appetitive revaluation procedure, we established that rats’ behavior in the presence of B and D did not differ (see following Results section). We did this by recording the rates of magazine entries during the 10-s periods that immedia ...
Lemniscal recurrent and transcortical influences on
... activity. Medial lemniscus stimulation induced recurrent excitation and inhibition on cuneolemniscal and nonlemniscal cells. Some non-lemniscal neurons were activated by somatosensory cortex and inhibited by motor cortex stimulation. Some other non-lemniscal cells that did not respond to medial lemn ...
... activity. Medial lemniscus stimulation induced recurrent excitation and inhibition on cuneolemniscal and nonlemniscal cells. Some non-lemniscal neurons were activated by somatosensory cortex and inhibited by motor cortex stimulation. Some other non-lemniscal cells that did not respond to medial lemn ...
Genetic Diversity of Principal Neurons in the Hippocampus
... One famous example is the case of HM. In this case, most of the hippocampus of the patient had to be removed because of epilepsy. After the surgery, early memories were normal and there was no impairment of personality or general intelligence. However, new long-term memory was not acquired (Scoville ...
... One famous example is the case of HM. In this case, most of the hippocampus of the patient had to be removed because of epilepsy. After the surgery, early memories were normal and there was no impairment of personality or general intelligence. However, new long-term memory was not acquired (Scoville ...
Cln3 Targeted Disruption of the Gene Provides a Mouse Model for Batten Disease
... fingerprint appearance. Inclusions contained subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mutant animals also showed neuropathological abnormalities with loss of certain cortical interneurons and hypertrophy of many interneuron populations in the hippocampus. Finally, as is true in Batten disease patien ...
... fingerprint appearance. Inclusions contained subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Mutant animals also showed neuropathological abnormalities with loss of certain cortical interneurons and hypertrophy of many interneuron populations in the hippocampus. Finally, as is true in Batten disease patien ...
the brain - Medical Research Council
... Some people take this theory even further, believing that people tend to be either more ‘left-brained’ (better at maths and language and more rational and analytical) or ‘right-brained’ (more creative, emotional and more likely to take risks). But these are vast generalisations – the only way a pers ...
... Some people take this theory even further, believing that people tend to be either more ‘left-brained’ (better at maths and language and more rational and analytical) or ‘right-brained’ (more creative, emotional and more likely to take risks). But these are vast generalisations – the only way a pers ...
Constraints on Somatotopic Organization in the Primary Motor Cortex
... and movements. Here, then, is a second general feature: focusing on only the initial or most prominent elicited movement was more revealing of somatotopic order, whereas attending to all the movements elicited by stimulation at each point suggested more extensive convergence and overlap (Beevor and ...
... and movements. Here, then, is a second general feature: focusing on only the initial or most prominent elicited movement was more revealing of somatotopic order, whereas attending to all the movements elicited by stimulation at each point suggested more extensive convergence and overlap (Beevor and ...
MATERNAL BEHAVIOUR IN LACTATING RATS STIMULATES c
... found within the cytoplasm of neuronal somata 60 and therefore can be clearly co-localized with the Fos protein, which is primarily found in the nucleus. 13 Although GAD65 may be the isoform that is particularly important for extracellular GABA release, 60 the vast majority of neurons that express G ...
... found within the cytoplasm of neuronal somata 60 and therefore can be clearly co-localized with the Fos protein, which is primarily found in the nucleus. 13 Although GAD65 may be the isoform that is particularly important for extracellular GABA release, 60 the vast majority of neurons that express G ...
Material and methods - HAL
... ratio of brain/plasma levels of about 25 when considering either Cmax or AUC values. At low oral doses (2.5-20 mg/kg), it elicited in mice a dose-dependent wakening effect accompanied with a shift towards high frequency waves of the EEG, a sign of cortical activation. DOPAC/dopamine ratios were enha ...
... ratio of brain/plasma levels of about 25 when considering either Cmax or AUC values. At low oral doses (2.5-20 mg/kg), it elicited in mice a dose-dependent wakening effect accompanied with a shift towards high frequency waves of the EEG, a sign of cortical activation. DOPAC/dopamine ratios were enha ...
Sparse Coding in the Neocortex
... contributing to the utility of center-surround receptive field organization, along with decorrelation and response gain. Furthermore, sparse codes of natural sounds have been shown to produce temporal response profiles with properties similar to those of early auditory neurons (Lewicki, 2002). This ...
... contributing to the utility of center-surround receptive field organization, along with decorrelation and response gain. Furthermore, sparse codes of natural sounds have been shown to produce temporal response profiles with properties similar to those of early auditory neurons (Lewicki, 2002). This ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... commences on embryonic day (E) 22. Progressively more superficial layers are generated over the following five weeks, with genesis of layers II/III not completed until postnatal day (P) 14; the exception to this is layer I, which is generated both early and late (not shown)163. A similar progression ...
... commences on embryonic day (E) 22. Progressively more superficial layers are generated over the following five weeks, with genesis of layers II/III not completed until postnatal day (P) 14; the exception to this is layer I, which is generated both early and late (not shown)163. A similar progression ...
Late-onset Parkinsonism in NFjB/c-Rel
... movement disorder, with clinical symptoms that include resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia (Fahn, 2003). The aetiology of Parkinson’s disease is not well understood but it is likely that it involves both genetic and environmental factors (Wirdefeldt et al., 2011). The pathological hallmarks of ...
... movement disorder, with clinical symptoms that include resting tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia (Fahn, 2003). The aetiology of Parkinson’s disease is not well understood but it is likely that it involves both genetic and environmental factors (Wirdefeldt et al., 2011). The pathological hallmarks of ...
Patterns of sensory intermodality relationships in the cerebral cortex
... sections were delineated according to the Nissl, AchE, distances from coronal sections, relying on previous parcelmyelin stains, and their relation to the pattern of callosal lation schemes (Donoghue and Wise, '82; Zilles, '85). As in the coronal sections, the lateral border of the connections. The ...
... sections were delineated according to the Nissl, AchE, distances from coronal sections, relying on previous parcelmyelin stains, and their relation to the pattern of callosal lation schemes (Donoghue and Wise, '82; Zilles, '85). As in the coronal sections, the lateral border of the connections. The ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... commences on embryonic day (E) 22. Progressively more superficial layers are generated over the following five weeks, with genesis of layers II/III not completed until postnatal day (P) 14; the exception to this is layer I, which is generated both early and late (not shown)163. A similar progression ...
... commences on embryonic day (E) 22. Progressively more superficial layers are generated over the following five weeks, with genesis of layers II/III not completed until postnatal day (P) 14; the exception to this is layer I, which is generated both early and late (not shown)163. A similar progression ...
Ventromedial Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Signals from
... consisted of 24 sec periods of immersion of the extremities of the limbs in a hot (40, 44, 48, and 52°C) or cold (210, 25, 0, 5, and 10°C) water bath. Mechanical stimulation consisted of calibrated pinches (4, 8, 16, 25, and 32 N/cm 2) applied to the extremity of the limbs for 20 sec with a forceps ...
... consisted of 24 sec periods of immersion of the extremities of the limbs in a hot (40, 44, 48, and 52°C) or cold (210, 25, 0, 5, and 10°C) water bath. Mechanical stimulation consisted of calibrated pinches (4, 8, 16, 25, and 32 N/cm 2) applied to the extremity of the limbs for 20 sec with a forceps ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... stimuli were shown to be a weighted average of the responses to the individual stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited ...
... stimuli were shown to be a weighted average of the responses to the individual stimuli presented alone. For example, if a single good stimulus elicited a high firing rate and a single poor stimulus elicited a low firing rate, the response to the paired stimuli was reduced compared with that elicited ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... Rats were euthanized 7 d after injection of hypertonic saline, or earlier if they developed severe neurological symptoms such as seizure, marked lethargy, or paralysis. In addition, six chronically hyponatremic rats without correction were used for examining whether hyponatremia per se would induce ...
... Rats were euthanized 7 d after injection of hypertonic saline, or earlier if they developed severe neurological symptoms such as seizure, marked lethargy, or paralysis. In addition, six chronically hyponatremic rats without correction were used for examining whether hyponatremia per se would induce ...
Relationship Between Serum BDNF Levels and Cognitive Functions
... In recent years, the hypothesis of neuroplasticity which ...
... In recent years, the hypothesis of neuroplasticity which ...
The Effect of Movement Rate and Complexity on
... Similar effects, albeit not without exception, have also been observed in the Cb during tapping and copying geometrical shapes (Jancke et al., 1999; Jenkins et al., 1997; Lewis et al., 2003; Sadato et al., 1996). In contrast to M1, S1, and Cb, the effect of upper extremity movement rate is less robu ...
... Similar effects, albeit not without exception, have also been observed in the Cb during tapping and copying geometrical shapes (Jancke et al., 1999; Jenkins et al., 1997; Lewis et al., 2003; Sadato et al., 1996). In contrast to M1, S1, and Cb, the effect of upper extremity movement rate is less robu ...
Brain Electrical Activity During Waking and Sleep States
... ordering to the coeruleocortical projection, but the distributions of cells projecting to different cortical sites largely overlap. Recent study by Waterhouse and colleagues using two retrograde tracers suggest that LC neurons collateralize more to functionally related areas (e.g. barrel cortex and ...
... ordering to the coeruleocortical projection, but the distributions of cells projecting to different cortical sites largely overlap. Recent study by Waterhouse and colleagues using two retrograde tracers suggest that LC neurons collateralize more to functionally related areas (e.g. barrel cortex and ...
Basal ganglia contributions to motor control: a - Research
... requirements of a task [37], whether the movement is discrete or part of a movement sequence [38], the reward contingencies of the task (i.e. whether or not a primary reward is expected to follow the movement [39]), and the learning context [40]. Similar influences of behavioral context have been ob ...
... requirements of a task [37], whether the movement is discrete or part of a movement sequence [38], the reward contingencies of the task (i.e. whether or not a primary reward is expected to follow the movement [39]), and the learning context [40]. Similar influences of behavioral context have been ob ...
Orbitofrontal Cortex and Human Drug Abuse: Functional Imaging
... procedure in which the injection could have been placebo or cocaine, they likely experienced a negative emotional reaction (e.g. disappointment) when they realized that they had received placebo. In contrast, control participants would not have been as likely to have this emotional response. This in ...
... procedure in which the injection could have been placebo or cocaine, they likely experienced a negative emotional reaction (e.g. disappointment) when they realized that they had received placebo. In contrast, control participants would not have been as likely to have this emotional response. This in ...
Chronic stress prior to hippocampal stroke
... isoflurane. During the 3–4 min of anesthesia, 0.70 mL of blood was collected from the tail vein. Blood was sampled using a heparinized butterfly catheter. Blood samples were then transferred to centrifuge tubes and plasma was obtained by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 5 min. The plasma samples were st ...
... isoflurane. During the 3–4 min of anesthesia, 0.70 mL of blood was collected from the tail vein. Blood was sampled using a heparinized butterfly catheter. Blood samples were then transferred to centrifuge tubes and plasma was obtained by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 5 min. The plasma samples were st ...
Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat
... were made into PMBSF. Anterograde transport of the tracer revealed cases where long, intrinsic horizontal axons projected through gray matter out from PMBSF and across boundaries into visual and auditory cortical areas (Frostig et al. 2008; Stehberg et al. 2014). Similar long-range horizontal projec ...
... were made into PMBSF. Anterograde transport of the tracer revealed cases where long, intrinsic horizontal axons projected through gray matter out from PMBSF and across boundaries into visual and auditory cortical areas (Frostig et al. 2008; Stehberg et al. 2014). Similar long-range horizontal projec ...