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... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... from the ventral horn of the spinal cord delay synapse formation until they innervate muscle fibers some distance away (Burden 2002, Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are ...
... from the ventral horn of the spinal cord delay synapse formation until they innervate muscle fibers some distance away (Burden 2002, Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are ...
Encoding Information in Neuronal Activity
... casesthere was a transient change in the firing rate, but only during the persistent tone signal there was a zero phase shift synchronization between the firing of the neurons. The significance of this effect was higher when action potentials from several neurons recorded from the same site were com ...
... casesthere was a transient change in the firing rate, but only during the persistent tone signal there was a zero phase shift synchronization between the firing of the neurons. The significance of this effect was higher when action potentials from several neurons recorded from the same site were com ...
Embodied Cognition and Mirror Neurons
... the neural mechanisms involved in performing those tasks. Several neural populations coexist in a single brain area, and the results cannot rule out that the observed overlap derives from the activity of two different, nonoverlapping networks of neurons (see also Dinstein et al. 2008). Furthermore, ...
... the neural mechanisms involved in performing those tasks. Several neural populations coexist in a single brain area, and the results cannot rule out that the observed overlap derives from the activity of two different, nonoverlapping networks of neurons (see also Dinstein et al. 2008). Furthermore, ...
Dopamine
... regions (35); however, this relationship is altered by lesions of different nuclei. Thus, stress causes release of DA in the amygdala (36), and lesions of the amygdala tend to block stress-induced increases in PFC DA levels (37). Lesions of the PFC also affect this response. Studies in which the PFC ...
... regions (35); however, this relationship is altered by lesions of different nuclei. Thus, stress causes release of DA in the amygdala (36), and lesions of the amygdala tend to block stress-induced increases in PFC DA levels (37). Lesions of the PFC also affect this response. Studies in which the PFC ...
Postnatal growth and column spacing in cat primary visual cortex
... aspects of the visual input are arranged in complex spatial patterns, called cortical maps, and interact through a dense network of intracortical connections. Recently it was demonstrated that some of these maps, such as orientation preference maps (e.g. Gdecke et al. 1997; Crair et al. 1998) and o ...
... aspects of the visual input are arranged in complex spatial patterns, called cortical maps, and interact through a dense network of intracortical connections. Recently it was demonstrated that some of these maps, such as orientation preference maps (e.g. Gdecke et al. 1997; Crair et al. 1998) and o ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... agonist quinpirole elicits a novel afterdepolarization that generates voltage fluctuations and spiking for hundreds of milliseconds. Surprisingly, this afterdepolarization is masked in quiescent brain slices, but is readily unmasked by physiologic levels of synaptic input which activate NMDA recepto ...
... agonist quinpirole elicits a novel afterdepolarization that generates voltage fluctuations and spiking for hundreds of milliseconds. Surprisingly, this afterdepolarization is masked in quiescent brain slices, but is readily unmasked by physiologic levels of synaptic input which activate NMDA recepto ...
LEAP - Life Enrichment Center
... disorders.14 Recent studies with SSVEP (Steady state visual evoked potential) have shown that children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder demonstrate similar abnormal SSVEP patterns when compared to normal subjects while performing the same cognitive task.15 The brain dysfunction hypothesis s ...
... disorders.14 Recent studies with SSVEP (Steady state visual evoked potential) have shown that children diagnosed with Attention Deficit Disorder demonstrate similar abnormal SSVEP patterns when compared to normal subjects while performing the same cognitive task.15 The brain dysfunction hypothesis s ...
14 MOTOR NUCLEUS OF CRANIAL NERVE VII (MOTOR VII)
... I touched on some of the connections and functions of the cerebellum when discussing the accessory cuneate nucleus (POINT #5) and the inferior olivary complex (POINT # 6). There will also be several lectures on the cerebellum. Right now, you need to know that CORTICOPONTINE fibers convey information ...
... I touched on some of the connections and functions of the cerebellum when discussing the accessory cuneate nucleus (POINT #5) and the inferior olivary complex (POINT # 6). There will also be several lectures on the cerebellum. Right now, you need to know that CORTICOPONTINE fibers convey information ...
in search of memory traces
... for the storage of memories (see Shors & Matzel 1997, Wilson & Tonegawa ...
... for the storage of memories (see Shors & Matzel 1997, Wilson & Tonegawa ...
Production of nerve growth factor by
... epitopes. Remarkably, this effect was partially abolished by blocking antibodies to NGF or p75NTR (Fig. 2A), suggesting an involvement of astrocytic NGF. In agreement, conditioned media from Ab-activated astrocytes reproduced tau hyperphosphorylation in pure hippocampal neuron cultures (Fig. 2B). Th ...
... epitopes. Remarkably, this effect was partially abolished by blocking antibodies to NGF or p75NTR (Fig. 2A), suggesting an involvement of astrocytic NGF. In agreement, conditioned media from Ab-activated astrocytes reproduced tau hyperphosphorylation in pure hippocampal neuron cultures (Fig. 2B). Th ...
Possible Links among Mirror Neurons and Genes
... A relation between autism and certain factors has been argued. Due to the development of the brain imaging study, neuroscience has been paid much attention. Moreover, the recent autism study is mainly based on genetics. The relations between autism and mirror neurons have been pointed out, but recen ...
... A relation between autism and certain factors has been argued. Due to the development of the brain imaging study, neuroscience has been paid much attention. Moreover, the recent autism study is mainly based on genetics. The relations between autism and mirror neurons have been pointed out, but recen ...
PDF-document - homepage.ruhr-uni
... activated when the monkeys contacted and pushed a target that had been reached with either hand. These neurons, however, were silent when the monkeys simply looked at or reached for the target but did not touch it. The activity related to interacting with objects was spatially tuned and increased wi ...
... activated when the monkeys contacted and pushed a target that had been reached with either hand. These neurons, however, were silent when the monkeys simply looked at or reached for the target but did not touch it. The activity related to interacting with objects was spatially tuned and increased wi ...
Text S1.
... All excitatory synaptic weights were initially set to 0.05 and could vary between zero and 0.1 due to STDP. At the maximal weight, each spike would have a 50% probability of evoking a spike in the postsynaptic neuron, due to its summation with intrinsic noise (Figure S1-7). The synaptic weights for ...
... All excitatory synaptic weights were initially set to 0.05 and could vary between zero and 0.1 due to STDP. At the maximal weight, each spike would have a 50% probability of evoking a spike in the postsynaptic neuron, due to its summation with intrinsic noise (Figure S1-7). The synaptic weights for ...
Novel approaches to explore mechanisms of
... Epilepsy comprises a family of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, which can be highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmac ...
... Epilepsy comprises a family of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, which can be highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmac ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation
... synchrony of many neurons in somewhat broad ranges, which may be related to several motor functions of the brain. On the other hand, it is desirable to directly demonstrate operant enhancement of firing synchrony among individual neurons located closely in restricted smaller ranges. For such experim ...
... synchrony of many neurons in somewhat broad ranges, which may be related to several motor functions of the brain. On the other hand, it is desirable to directly demonstrate operant enhancement of firing synchrony among individual neurons located closely in restricted smaller ranges. For such experim ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... than reflecting actual planning. To address this possibility, a task was designed in which the stimuli were always the same and the monkeys autonomously chose whether to make a reach or a saccade (Cui and Andersen, 2007). Thus, any difference in activity cannot be attributed to sensory attributes of ...
... than reflecting actual planning. To address this possibility, a task was designed in which the stimuli were always the same and the monkeys autonomously chose whether to make a reach or a saccade (Cui and Andersen, 2007). Thus, any difference in activity cannot be attributed to sensory attributes of ...
Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... 87 deg 3 67 deg at a viewing distance of 57 cm. Receptive fields were mapped with sinusoidal gratings and then positioned on the center of a CRT display monitor with a front-surfaced mirror. The CRT display (Sony Model No. GDM 200PST) subtended 15.5 deg 3 11.5 deg at a viewing distance of 114 cm, ha ...
... 87 deg 3 67 deg at a viewing distance of 57 cm. Receptive fields were mapped with sinusoidal gratings and then positioned on the center of a CRT display monitor with a front-surfaced mirror. The CRT display (Sony Model No. GDM 200PST) subtended 15.5 deg 3 11.5 deg at a viewing distance of 114 cm, ha ...
MECHANISMS OF VERTEBRATE SYNAPTOGENESIS
... from the ventral horn of the spinal cord delay synapse formation until they innervate muscle fibers some distance away (Burden 2002, Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are ...
... from the ventral horn of the spinal cord delay synapse formation until they innervate muscle fibers some distance away (Burden 2002, Sanes & Lichtman 2001). In these examples not only is synapse formation delayed until axons reach specific target regions, but even within these target regions there are ...
Soltis Autism: a Spectrum of Research Abby Soltis Final Draft Senior
... NMDA receptors, with an agonist, which has been observed to have a calming effect on children with autism (Purcell et al., 2001). Further studies have not been done regarding this treatment possibility. Another type of glutamate receptor, AMPA receptor, showed decreased density in the 9 autistic bra ...
... NMDA receptors, with an agonist, which has been observed to have a calming effect on children with autism (Purcell et al., 2001). Further studies have not been done regarding this treatment possibility. Another type of glutamate receptor, AMPA receptor, showed decreased density in the 9 autistic bra ...
Biology 218 – Human Anatomy Lecture Outline Adapted from Martini
... If the tract name ends with “spinal” (as in vestibulospinal), the tract is a motor tract that delivers information from the vestibular apparatus (in this case) to the spinal cord ...
... If the tract name ends with “spinal” (as in vestibulospinal), the tract is a motor tract that delivers information from the vestibular apparatus (in this case) to the spinal cord ...
BIO 218 F 2012 Ch 15 Martini Lecture Outline
... If the tract name ends with “spinal” (as in vestibulospinal), the tract is a motor tract that delivers information from the vestibular apparatus (in this case) to the spinal cord ...
... If the tract name ends with “spinal” (as in vestibulospinal), the tract is a motor tract that delivers information from the vestibular apparatus (in this case) to the spinal cord ...
Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
Basal Ganglia and Cerebellar Inputs to `AIP`
... there is no prior evidence for basal ganglia input to regions of posterior parietal cortex, some basal ganglia disorders result in symptoms that closely mimic parietal lobe dysfunction (Danta and Hilton, 1975; Boller et al., 1984; Richards et al., 1993; Hocherman and Giladi, 1998; Barrett et al., 20 ...
... there is no prior evidence for basal ganglia input to regions of posterior parietal cortex, some basal ganglia disorders result in symptoms that closely mimic parietal lobe dysfunction (Danta and Hilton, 1975; Boller et al., 1984; Richards et al., 1993; Hocherman and Giladi, 1998; Barrett et al., 20 ...