A Master Key to Assess Stroke Consequences Across Species: The
... sensory stimuli that are applied to both sides of the body at the same time. Stimuli can be visual, auditive or tactile. Extinction to double simultaneous tactile stimulation (tactile DSS) was first reported at the beginning of the 80’s (Schallert et al., 1982). Tactile extinction is the failure to ...
... sensory stimuli that are applied to both sides of the body at the same time. Stimuli can be visual, auditive or tactile. Extinction to double simultaneous tactile stimulation (tactile DSS) was first reported at the beginning of the 80’s (Schallert et al., 1982). Tactile extinction is the failure to ...
disrupted brain thyroid hormone homeostasis
... thyroid hormone (TH) (1). Some of the same compounds have been implicated in autistic pathology (2). As TH is essential for cellular metabolism, growth and differentiation, and thus critical for brain development, TH deficiency during embryonic or early postnatal periods would likely lead to develop ...
... thyroid hormone (TH) (1). Some of the same compounds have been implicated in autistic pathology (2). As TH is essential for cellular metabolism, growth and differentiation, and thus critical for brain development, TH deficiency during embryonic or early postnatal periods would likely lead to develop ...
Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour
... the penumbra1,4 (FIG. 1). The penumbra is also defined as the region of perfusion–diffusion mismatch by mrI imaging, in which blood flow might be reduced but infarct-related diffusion signals have yet to be found43. In vivo two-photon imaging indicates that dendrites in the penumbra are damaged by s ...
... the penumbra1,4 (FIG. 1). The penumbra is also defined as the region of perfusion–diffusion mismatch by mrI imaging, in which blood flow might be reduced but infarct-related diffusion signals have yet to be found43. In vivo two-photon imaging indicates that dendrites in the penumbra are damaged by s ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... users versus sole ecstasy users. Because DA is involved in many important neurobehavioral functions, such as executive and motor function, attention and inhibition, it is important to study the potential consequences of dAMPH-induced neurotoxicity (Van den Heuvel and Pasterkamp, 2008). The purpose o ...
... users versus sole ecstasy users. Because DA is involved in many important neurobehavioral functions, such as executive and motor function, attention and inhibition, it is important to study the potential consequences of dAMPH-induced neurotoxicity (Van den Heuvel and Pasterkamp, 2008). The purpose o ...
prenatal formation of cortical input and development of
... elaborate efferent axons that reach the nearby neostriaturn. Our findings are also in general agreement with the timing of development of efferent subcortical connections from the primary visual cortex in the same species (Shatz and Rakic, 1981). According to this study, corticotectal and corticogen ...
... elaborate efferent axons that reach the nearby neostriaturn. Our findings are also in general agreement with the timing of development of efferent subcortical connections from the primary visual cortex in the same species (Shatz and Rakic, 1981). According to this study, corticotectal and corticogen ...
Presentation Slides
... 20% of the general population suffer from at least one form of anxiety disorder at some point of their life Financial cost of more than 65 billion dollars in Canada alone ...
... 20% of the general population suffer from at least one form of anxiety disorder at some point of their life Financial cost of more than 65 billion dollars in Canada alone ...
The anatomy, physiology and functions of the
... is not limited to the visual modality. For example, lesions including the perirhinal cortex impair memory for tactual information in monkeys [25] and for olfactory information in rats [30]. Recent studies have shown that recognition memory for spatial locations is also affected by damage to the peri ...
... is not limited to the visual modality. For example, lesions including the perirhinal cortex impair memory for tactual information in monkeys [25] and for olfactory information in rats [30]. Recent studies have shown that recognition memory for spatial locations is also affected by damage to the peri ...
The cortical language circuit: from auditory perception to sentence
... syntactic and semantic factors. The posterior regions (posterior STG/STS and angular gyrus) seem instead to be activated as a function of a word’s predictability in sentential context. Activation of the angular gyrus is reported when predictability of a word given the prior sentence context is high ...
... syntactic and semantic factors. The posterior regions (posterior STG/STS and angular gyrus) seem instead to be activated as a function of a word’s predictability in sentential context. Activation of the angular gyrus is reported when predictability of a word given the prior sentence context is high ...
BETA ACTIVITY: A CARRIER FOR VISUAL ATTENTION
... bands of the EEG have been long studied in clinical research because of their putative functional importance. Old experimental results indicated that repetitive stimulation of the visual pathway evoked synchronous responses at the cortical level with gain depending on frequency: oscillations within ...
... bands of the EEG have been long studied in clinical research because of their putative functional importance. Old experimental results indicated that repetitive stimulation of the visual pathway evoked synchronous responses at the cortical level with gain depending on frequency: oscillations within ...
Overlapping representation of primary tastes in a defined
... As previous imaging studies focused on an anatomically defined region of GC delineated by the MCA and bifurcation of the caudal rhinal veins (Accolla et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2011), we targeted our viral injections to this region (corresponding to +1.5mm from bregma) (Figure 2A,B,D). 2P imaging in ...
... As previous imaging studies focused on an anatomically defined region of GC delineated by the MCA and bifurcation of the caudal rhinal veins (Accolla et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2011), we targeted our viral injections to this region (corresponding to +1.5mm from bregma) (Figure 2A,B,D). 2P imaging in ...
A simultaneous ERP/fMRI investigation of the P300 aging effect
... through to senescence (Fjell and Walhovd, 2004; Polich, 1997). In addition, the aging process is reliably associated with a marked anterior shift in the topography of both components that is apparent across a range of different tasks (Fabiani et al., 1998; Friedman, 2003; Richardson et al., 2011; We ...
... through to senescence (Fjell and Walhovd, 2004; Polich, 1997). In addition, the aging process is reliably associated with a marked anterior shift in the topography of both components that is apparent across a range of different tasks (Fabiani et al., 1998; Friedman, 2003; Richardson et al., 2011; We ...
Brain oscillations and memory - Wellcome Trust Centre for
... achieving a temporal compression of the naturally occurring timing of item separation into one that is suitable for active maintenance. This model is intriguing because the timing and interaction of theta and gamma cycles may capture behavioral properties of short-term memory such as its limited cap ...
... achieving a temporal compression of the naturally occurring timing of item separation into one that is suitable for active maintenance. This model is intriguing because the timing and interaction of theta and gamma cycles may capture behavioral properties of short-term memory such as its limited cap ...
Towards the integration of neural mechanisms and cognition in
... neural circuits and the robot; it is the control interface and it implements how the neural activity is translated in actuation. The Neural lattice layer is the brain model and it is fairly composed by at least two sublayers: the neural circuits and the cognition. The neural circuits layer contains ...
... neural circuits and the robot; it is the control interface and it implements how the neural activity is translated in actuation. The Neural lattice layer is the brain model and it is fairly composed by at least two sublayers: the neural circuits and the cognition. The neural circuits layer contains ...
Understanding behavior to understand behavior change: a literature
... useful hierarchical structure. Certain behaviors – such as the muscle behaviors of breathing and digestion – are subcortal or done continually without conscious thought. These behaviors are also referred to as reflexive behaviors, which are mechanical responses that are usually species-specific and ...
... useful hierarchical structure. Certain behaviors – such as the muscle behaviors of breathing and digestion – are subcortal or done continually without conscious thought. These behaviors are also referred to as reflexive behaviors, which are mechanical responses that are usually species-specific and ...
Sensory signals during active versus passive movement
... from several laboratories have, however, yielded major insights into our understanding of how sensory signals are processed during movement. In this review, I consider recent advances in this field, focusing on experiments in the vestibular system that have provided evidence for the differential pro ...
... from several laboratories have, however, yielded major insights into our understanding of how sensory signals are processed during movement. In this review, I consider recent advances in this field, focusing on experiments in the vestibular system that have provided evidence for the differential pro ...
Ramayya, A. G., Zaghloul, K. A., Weidemann, C. T., Baltuch, G. H.
... and Hikosaka, 2009). For the multi-unit in our dataset, we considered the baseline firing rate to be the average baseline firing rate of the two contributing units to account for the artificial elevation in firing rate that results from combining units. For each DA and GABA unit, we computed smoothe ...
... and Hikosaka, 2009). For the multi-unit in our dataset, we considered the baseline firing rate to be the average baseline firing rate of the two contributing units to account for the artificial elevation in firing rate that results from combining units. For each DA and GABA unit, we computed smoothe ...
50 Emotional States and Feelings
... Perhaps the most serious challenge to the James-Lange theory came in the 1920s from Walter B. Cannon's study of peripheral responses to intense emotion. Cannon's work indicated that intense emotion triggered an emergency reaction—a fight-or-flight response —in anticipation of additional behavioral r ...
... Perhaps the most serious challenge to the James-Lange theory came in the 1920s from Walter B. Cannon's study of peripheral responses to intense emotion. Cannon's work indicated that intense emotion triggered an emergency reaction—a fight-or-flight response —in anticipation of additional behavioral r ...
The fate of Nissl-stained dark neurons following
... of damaged neurons. The regions where dark neurons appear at a high rate after TBI, such as neocortex, CA3 subWeld and dentate hilus, coincide with the regions where subsequent neuronal death is induced. These facts appear to indicate that dark neurons inevitably die [10, 25, 33]. On the other hand, ...
... of damaged neurons. The regions where dark neurons appear at a high rate after TBI, such as neocortex, CA3 subWeld and dentate hilus, coincide with the regions where subsequent neuronal death is induced. These facts appear to indicate that dark neurons inevitably die [10, 25, 33]. On the other hand, ...
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in
... Although rapid eye movements (REMs) are a prominent feature of paradoxical sleep (PS), their origin and functional significance remain poorly understood in humans. In animals, including nonhuman primates, REMs during PS are closely related to the occurrence of the so-called PGO waves, i.e., prominen ...
... Although rapid eye movements (REMs) are a prominent feature of paradoxical sleep (PS), their origin and functional significance remain poorly understood in humans. In animals, including nonhuman primates, REMs during PS are closely related to the occurrence of the so-called PGO waves, i.e., prominen ...
Electrical Stimulation of the Horizontal Limb of the Diagonal Band
... B1 response (usually the test response) for each experiment. In cases were a peak was clearly visible, the time point of the local minimum was chosen. The point of measurement of B1 was usually ;8 ms after the first peak (A1). The results obtained from amplitude and slope measurements were similar i ...
... B1 response (usually the test response) for each experiment. In cases were a peak was clearly visible, the time point of the local minimum was chosen. The point of measurement of B1 was usually ;8 ms after the first peak (A1). The results obtained from amplitude and slope measurements were similar i ...
This article was originally published in the
... sensory cues, rewards, and motor responses were systematically altered. Monkeys were presented with one of two cues that instructed one of two motor responses (either saccade or maintain fixation), and each motor response either was or was not associated with a reward. All combinations of parameters ...
... sensory cues, rewards, and motor responses were systematically altered. Monkeys were presented with one of two cues that instructed one of two motor responses (either saccade or maintain fixation), and each motor response either was or was not associated with a reward. All combinations of parameters ...
Neuromodulation of Aerobic Exercise—A Review
... gene have lower BDNF expression, smaller hippocampal volume and relatively low performance on memory tasks. These same people (mean age studied = 23 years) appear to have a more positive mood response to acute, moderate intensity exercise (Hooper et al., 2014). This result is particularly interestin ...
... gene have lower BDNF expression, smaller hippocampal volume and relatively low performance on memory tasks. These same people (mean age studied = 23 years) appear to have a more positive mood response to acute, moderate intensity exercise (Hooper et al., 2014). This result is particularly interestin ...
cerebral cortex - CM
... The Spinal Cord • Spinal cord – composed primarily of nervous tissue; responsible for both relaying and processing information; less anatomically complex than brain but still vitally important to normal nervous system function; two primary roles: • Serves as a relay station and as an intermediate p ...
... The Spinal Cord • Spinal cord – composed primarily of nervous tissue; responsible for both relaying and processing information; less anatomically complex than brain but still vitally important to normal nervous system function; two primary roles: • Serves as a relay station and as an intermediate p ...
Neural circuit rewiring: insights from DD synapse remodeling
... in some cases, even the death of inappropriately connected neurons,32 DD remodeling appears to be unique. However, the discovery of this unique form of neural plasticity is primarily because of our complete understanding of the neural connectivity of C. elegans, made possible by work from John White ...
... in some cases, even the death of inappropriately connected neurons,32 DD remodeling appears to be unique. However, the discovery of this unique form of neural plasticity is primarily because of our complete understanding of the neural connectivity of C. elegans, made possible by work from John White ...