A model for experience-dependent changes in the responses of inferotemporal neurons
... region (also known as the magnocellular nucleus basalis of Meynert) in the basal forebrain (Mesulam et al 1983). Cholinergic antagonists have been shown to increase the average visual response of all recorded IT neurons during a DMS task with delay (Miller and Desimone 1993, Dudkin et al 1994). Fina ...
... region (also known as the magnocellular nucleus basalis of Meynert) in the basal forebrain (Mesulam et al 1983). Cholinergic antagonists have been shown to increase the average visual response of all recorded IT neurons during a DMS task with delay (Miller and Desimone 1993, Dudkin et al 1994). Fina ...
The role of early visual cortex in visual integration: a neural model of
... the number of distractors. This suggests a parallel and ‘preattentive’ mechanism that can be implemented by the early retinotopic visual areas. On the other hand, when both target and distractors are composed of similar elementary features, the amount of time required to distinguish between them inc ...
... the number of distractors. This suggests a parallel and ‘preattentive’ mechanism that can be implemented by the early retinotopic visual areas. On the other hand, when both target and distractors are composed of similar elementary features, the amount of time required to distinguish between them inc ...
Cerebellar Loops with Motor Cortex and Prefrontal Cortex of a
... transported from the cortical injection site in all animals. None of the animals displayed any symptoms of infection. Neurons infected with rabies contained small immunostained inclusions that were confined to their soma and dendrites (Fig. 2). Infected neurons displayed no evidence of lysis, and we ...
... transported from the cortical injection site in all animals. None of the animals displayed any symptoms of infection. Neurons infected with rabies contained small immunostained inclusions that were confined to their soma and dendrites (Fig. 2). Infected neurons displayed no evidence of lysis, and we ...
Distinct Representations and Theta Dynamics in Dorsal and Ventral
... separation criteria in the ventral hippocamFigure 2. Firing fields on the open arena. A, Firing fields of representative pyramidal cells from the dCA3 and vCA3 regions. pus should be verified and improved in fuFiring rates are normalized to the peak (maximum) rate (white numbers) and color-coded. On ...
... separation criteria in the ventral hippocamFigure 2. Firing fields on the open arena. A, Firing fields of representative pyramidal cells from the dCA3 and vCA3 regions. pus should be verified and improved in fuFiring rates are normalized to the peak (maximum) rate (white numbers) and color-coded. On ...
BMC Neuroscience Serial pathways from primate prefrontal cortex to autonomic areas
... areas, and expressing emotions involves low-level autonomic structures and peripheral organs. How is information from the cortex transmitted to the periphery? We used two parallel approaches to map simultaneously multiple pathways to determine if hypothalamic autonomic centres are a key link for orb ...
... areas, and expressing emotions involves low-level autonomic structures and peripheral organs. How is information from the cortex transmitted to the periphery? We used two parallel approaches to map simultaneously multiple pathways to determine if hypothalamic autonomic centres are a key link for orb ...
Horizontal Synaptic Connections in Monkey Prefrontal Cortex: An In
... cortex, suggesting that these connections do not have target cell selectivity (McGuire et al., 1991). In contrast, although the proportions of pyramidal to nonpyramidal neurons are similar in the monkey visual and prefrontal cortices, >95% of the horizontal connections in the PFC contact dendritic s ...
... cortex, suggesting that these connections do not have target cell selectivity (McGuire et al., 1991). In contrast, although the proportions of pyramidal to nonpyramidal neurons are similar in the monkey visual and prefrontal cortices, >95% of the horizontal connections in the PFC contact dendritic s ...
Functional organization of inferior parietal lobule convexity in the
... detected for each of them. Each electrode was then deepened into the cortex independently one from the other, in steps of 500 lm until the border between the gray and the white matter was reached. At each site, multiunit and single-unit activities were recorded and their correlation with any type of ...
... detected for each of them. Each electrode was then deepened into the cortex independently one from the other, in steps of 500 lm until the border between the gray and the white matter was reached. At each site, multiunit and single-unit activities were recorded and their correlation with any type of ...
Nervous Systems
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
敌獳湯⌠ⴷ8
... processes information from multiple sensory channels (particularly vestibular and proprioceptive), together with motor impulses, and modulates the activity of motor nuclear areas in the brain and spinal cord. Anatomically, the cerebellum is made up of two hemispheres and the vermis that lies between ...
... processes information from multiple sensory channels (particularly vestibular and proprioceptive), together with motor impulses, and modulates the activity of motor nuclear areas in the brain and spinal cord. Anatomically, the cerebellum is made up of two hemispheres and the vermis that lies between ...
Social perception from visual cues: role of the STS region
... part of a system sensitive to eye movement and direction of gaze. The results reviewed above suggest that the STS region has a role in the perception of gaze. If so, a lesion of the region should impair judgements of gaze direction, as indeed occurs in monkeys following lesions restricted to the STS ...
... part of a system sensitive to eye movement and direction of gaze. The results reviewed above suggest that the STS region has a role in the perception of gaze. If so, a lesion of the region should impair judgements of gaze direction, as indeed occurs in monkeys following lesions restricted to the STS ...
new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... of this study have to be regarded with some caution. The work needs to be complemented by lesion or inactivation studies that focus selectively on the superior temporal cortex, without prior lesioning in other cortical areas. Subcortical neglect. Over the past 40 years, various studies have document ...
... of this study have to be regarded with some caution. The work needs to be complemented by lesion or inactivation studies that focus selectively on the superior temporal cortex, without prior lesioning in other cortical areas. Subcortical neglect. Over the past 40 years, various studies have document ...
Stimulation-Induced Functional Decoupling (SIFD)
... interactions become negligible with regards to individual neuronal dynamics. Thus, the network becomes «unwired» and neurons seem independent from one another. ...
... interactions become negligible with regards to individual neuronal dynamics. Thus, the network becomes «unwired» and neurons seem independent from one another. ...
Memory, Learning, and Synaptic Plasticity
... man. In 1953, he underwent a bilateral surgical removal of the medial temporal lobes for the treatment of his seizure. While his seizures improved significantly, he emerged from the surgery with irreparable damage: he appeared to have lost his ability to form new memories. He did not recognize docto ...
... man. In 1953, he underwent a bilateral surgical removal of the medial temporal lobes for the treatment of his seizure. While his seizures improved significantly, he emerged from the surgery with irreparable damage: he appeared to have lost his ability to form new memories. He did not recognize docto ...
lecture 12 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
... gracilis (from lower body) and nucleus cuneatus (from upper body) in the medulla. • Axons from these nuclei cross the medulla and ascend to thalamus. ...
... gracilis (from lower body) and nucleus cuneatus (from upper body) in the medulla. • Axons from these nuclei cross the medulla and ascend to thalamus. ...
PDF - Journal of the American Heart Association
... for a total 17 minutes of CA because this insult is both clinically relevant and our prior experience suggested that the majority of these animals would be successfully resuscitated so that we could examine mitochondria 4 hours after the injury.17 This model maintains important clinical relevance be ...
... for a total 17 minutes of CA because this insult is both clinically relevant and our prior experience suggested that the majority of these animals would be successfully resuscitated so that we could examine mitochondria 4 hours after the injury.17 This model maintains important clinical relevance be ...
Cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume covariance patterns of
... two across the lifespan poses a unique set of problems. It must be determined whether statistical associations between cognitive and brain measures truly exist and are not epiphenomenal due solely to their shared relationships with age. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cerebral blo ...
... two across the lifespan poses a unique set of problems. It must be determined whether statistical associations between cognitive and brain measures truly exist and are not epiphenomenal due solely to their shared relationships with age. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cerebral blo ...
Report - Ben Hayden
... both risk level and behavioral preference for the risky option; the current report complements these previous findings by probing how neuronal activity in CGp contributes to the neural processes that link specific reward outcomes to individual decisions. To do this, we analyzed the activity of 58 ne ...
... both risk level and behavioral preference for the risky option; the current report complements these previous findings by probing how neuronal activity in CGp contributes to the neural processes that link specific reward outcomes to individual decisions. To do this, we analyzed the activity of 58 ne ...
Does the End Justify the Means?
... The human homologue of F5 is believed to be Broca’s area (left inferior frontal and gyrus), which would have similar mirror properties (see Rizzolatti et al., 2001). Indeed, an fMRI performed by Iacoboni et al. (1999) found this area during single finger movement copying. However, because the nature ...
... The human homologue of F5 is believed to be Broca’s area (left inferior frontal and gyrus), which would have similar mirror properties (see Rizzolatti et al., 2001). Indeed, an fMRI performed by Iacoboni et al. (1999) found this area during single finger movement copying. However, because the nature ...
Dopamine Deficiency in a Genetic Mouse Model of Lesch
... We have examined several aspects of neurotransmitter function in the brains of mice carrying a deletion mutation in the gene encoding the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). During the first 6 weeks of postnatal development, dopamine levels in whole-brain ext ...
... We have examined several aspects of neurotransmitter function in the brains of mice carrying a deletion mutation in the gene encoding the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). During the first 6 weeks of postnatal development, dopamine levels in whole-brain ext ...
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... response latency (increase or decrease), (iv) maximum temporal following rate (increase or decrease), and (v) spectrotemporal sensitivity of A1 neurons. The systematic relationship between sensory features and cortical plasticity suggests that evolution has selected for a repertoire of synaptic, int ...
... response latency (increase or decrease), (iv) maximum temporal following rate (increase or decrease), and (v) spectrotemporal sensitivity of A1 neurons. The systematic relationship between sensory features and cortical plasticity suggests that evolution has selected for a repertoire of synaptic, int ...
Pain relief produces negative reinforcement through activation of
... input by PNB elicits CPP. Importantly, no CPP was observed following PNB in sham-treated rats or 96 h after the incision surgery, when injury-induced ongoing pain was likely to be greatly diminished. Thus, as we have previously shown, ongoing (i.e., spontaneous) pain can be unmasked by demonstrating ...
... input by PNB elicits CPP. Importantly, no CPP was observed following PNB in sham-treated rats or 96 h after the incision surgery, when injury-induced ongoing pain was likely to be greatly diminished. Thus, as we have previously shown, ongoing (i.e., spontaneous) pain can be unmasked by demonstrating ...
Representation of the Visual Field in the Human Occipital Cortex
... a pointing device independently by us, and the corresponding surface areas were calculated by the planimetric program available in the software. If there was a discrepancy in measurements between us, the mean surface area was used (in all study patients, the discrepancy between measurements was #30 ...
... a pointing device independently by us, and the corresponding surface areas were calculated by the planimetric program available in the software. If there was a discrepancy in measurements between us, the mean surface area was used (in all study patients, the discrepancy between measurements was #30 ...
Seeing faces and objects with the “mind`s eye”
... posterior temporal site than on the right (Farah et al., 1989); and by D’Esposito and colleagues who found, using fMRI, that when subjects generated mental images of the referents of concrete nouns, ...
... posterior temporal site than on the right (Farah et al., 1989); and by D’Esposito and colleagues who found, using fMRI, that when subjects generated mental images of the referents of concrete nouns, ...
State-dependent and cell type-specific temporal processing in
... cortical states shape sensory processing across cortical laminae and what type of response properties emerge in the cortex. Recording neural activity from the auditory cortex (AC) and medial geniculate body (MGB) simultaneously with electrical stimulations of the basal forebrain (BF) in urethaneanes ...
... cortical states shape sensory processing across cortical laminae and what type of response properties emerge in the cortex. Recording neural activity from the auditory cortex (AC) and medial geniculate body (MGB) simultaneously with electrical stimulations of the basal forebrain (BF) in urethaneanes ...
FROM MOTIVATION TO ACTION - The University of Texas at Dallas
... The function of the motor system is to organize and coordinate the activities of individual muscles to generate sequences of movements that are integrated into behavioral responses appropriate to the environment. The integrative activities of the motor system are complex, involving the cerebral cort ...
... The function of the motor system is to organize and coordinate the activities of individual muscles to generate sequences of movements that are integrated into behavioral responses appropriate to the environment. The integrative activities of the motor system are complex, involving the cerebral cort ...