Omega–6/Omega–3 Ratio and Brain-Related Functions - Direct-MS
... The method of inducing omega–3 deficiency via diet is a powerful tool to investigate the role of omega–3 in various brain functions. While most studies in this area involved the omega–3 deficiency issue, by definition, the ratio of omega–6 and omega–3 in experimental diets was different from the rat ...
... The method of inducing omega–3 deficiency via diet is a powerful tool to investigate the role of omega–3 in various brain functions. While most studies in this area involved the omega–3 deficiency issue, by definition, the ratio of omega–6 and omega–3 in experimental diets was different from the rat ...
Neuroimaging findings in post-traumatic stress disorder Systematic
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
... localised functional changes include increased activation of the amygdala after symptom provocation (which may reflect its role in emotional memory) and decreased activity of Broca’s area atthe same time (which may explain the difficulty patients have in labelling their experiences). Conclusions Evi ...
What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex- Endowed Animal
... the broad themes raised in the Keynote talks: “What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex-Endowed Animal Do with Smells?” This somewhat non-traditional approach to the topic of chemosensory processing and the OFC is motivated by a simple fact (which was admittedly difficult for an olfactory neuroscientist, su ...
... the broad themes raised in the Keynote talks: “What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex-Endowed Animal Do with Smells?” This somewhat non-traditional approach to the topic of chemosensory processing and the OFC is motivated by a simple fact (which was admittedly difficult for an olfactory neuroscientist, su ...
The Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase
... There were also many regions where TH immunoreactivity was substantially greater than DBH immunoreactivity. For example, the density of TH-labeled fibers in primary motor cortex (Fig. 5), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and rostra1 inferior parietal cortex far exceeded the density of DBH-labeled fibe ...
... There were also many regions where TH immunoreactivity was substantially greater than DBH immunoreactivity. For example, the density of TH-labeled fibers in primary motor cortex (Fig. 5), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, and rostra1 inferior parietal cortex far exceeded the density of DBH-labeled fibe ...
Deep Brain Stimulation Does Not Silence Neurons in Subthalamic
... The functional lesion hypothesis received support from studies in humans and in a primate model of Parkinson’s disease in which high-frequency stimulation in the STN was seen to inhibit activity in surrounding cell bodies for periods of up to several seconds (Filali et al. 2004; Meissner et al. 2005 ...
... The functional lesion hypothesis received support from studies in humans and in a primate model of Parkinson’s disease in which high-frequency stimulation in the STN was seen to inhibit activity in surrounding cell bodies for periods of up to several seconds (Filali et al. 2004; Meissner et al. 2005 ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...
Effect of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity on Learning- Arc Efferent Neurons
... mRNA that did not overlap with the SYTOXstained nucleus (Guzowski et al., 1999). During this cellular analysis, Arc+ cells containing the blue/cy-5 PPE mRNA signal in and around the nucleus were classified as PPE-positive (PPE+). Arc+ cells that did not also contain blue/cy-5 staining were classifie ...
... mRNA that did not overlap with the SYTOXstained nucleus (Guzowski et al., 1999). During this cellular analysis, Arc+ cells containing the blue/cy-5 PPE mRNA signal in and around the nucleus were classified as PPE-positive (PPE+). Arc+ cells that did not also contain blue/cy-5 staining were classifie ...
Section and Senior Editor - HAL
... compared the ability of mice to enhance W and cortical activation through locomotion. Each mouse was subjected to this test six times separated by an interval of 5-10 days, three times at 2 P.M. and three times at 6 P.M. (n = 39 from 13 pairs of mice, for both time parameters). To characterize the e ...
... compared the ability of mice to enhance W and cortical activation through locomotion. Each mouse was subjected to this test six times separated by an interval of 5-10 days, three times at 2 P.M. and three times at 6 P.M. (n = 39 from 13 pairs of mice, for both time parameters). To characterize the e ...
Neural correlates of attention in primate visual cortex
... the strength of attentional modulation along areas of the ventral cortical pathway and the failure of several studies to find clear attentional effects in primary visual cortex6,7 has led to the view that visual cortical processing starts with a purely sensory analysis of the incoming information in ...
... the strength of attentional modulation along areas of the ventral cortical pathway and the failure of several studies to find clear attentional effects in primary visual cortex6,7 has led to the view that visual cortical processing starts with a purely sensory analysis of the incoming information in ...
Piracetam and other structurally related nootropics
... chain analogous to that of piracetam) which have been tested for nootropic activity are briefly mentioned where appropriate, but not treated exhaustively. Furthermore, non-racetams like tenilsetam have often been categorized together with the nootropics of the piracetam type regardless of their chem ...
... chain analogous to that of piracetam) which have been tested for nootropic activity are briefly mentioned where appropriate, but not treated exhaustively. Furthermore, non-racetams like tenilsetam have often been categorized together with the nootropics of the piracetam type regardless of their chem ...
Barrel cortex function - Brain Research Institute
... neocortical circuits are involved in signal processing. The best way to do that is to investigate sensory systems, because the physical stimulus leading to activation of the cerebral cortex can be brought under tight experimental control. Measurement of neocortical information about a stimulus that ...
... neocortical circuits are involved in signal processing. The best way to do that is to investigate sensory systems, because the physical stimulus leading to activation of the cerebral cortex can be brought under tight experimental control. Measurement of neocortical information about a stimulus that ...
Behavioral consequences of abnormal cortical development
... adult behavior abound in the literature [148]. Unfortunately, only a modicum of these models include anatomical and neurochemical data as well as assessment of behavioral deficits in adulthood. In this review, we will focus on those animal models for which structural, neurochemical and ample behavio ...
... adult behavior abound in the literature [148]. Unfortunately, only a modicum of these models include anatomical and neurochemical data as well as assessment of behavioral deficits in adulthood. In this review, we will focus on those animal models for which structural, neurochemical and ample behavio ...
the evolution of body and brain, and of sensory
... vertebrates (Fig. 4-5), at the retinal level. Emitted or reflected light from the outside world is projected upon the retinal surface by an ocular apparatus and is captured by pigments of the rods and cones that transduce the energy of photons into electric nerve signals. In diurnal monkeys, cones p ...
... vertebrates (Fig. 4-5), at the retinal level. Emitted or reflected light from the outside world is projected upon the retinal surface by an ocular apparatus and is captured by pigments of the rods and cones that transduce the energy of photons into electric nerve signals. In diurnal monkeys, cones p ...
Connections underlying the synthesis of cognition,
... are closely tied to the actual motor response, in this case within the oculomotor domain. This is one example where the response properties of prefrontal neurons are intricately linked to their executive functions. Another difference involves the nature of the visual receptive fields in the two regi ...
... are closely tied to the actual motor response, in this case within the oculomotor domain. This is one example where the response properties of prefrontal neurons are intricately linked to their executive functions. Another difference involves the nature of the visual receptive fields in the two regi ...
A lineage-related reciprocal inhibition circuitry for sensory
... in b. (b) CX neuropils are interconnected by projections from columnar neurons and tangential neurons (FB-EB neurons and EB-ring neurons). Histological, immunocytochemical, and clonal analyses demonstrate that columnar projection neurons connect all CX substructures and are subdivided into modules e ...
... in b. (b) CX neuropils are interconnected by projections from columnar neurons and tangential neurons (FB-EB neurons and EB-ring neurons). Histological, immunocytochemical, and clonal analyses demonstrate that columnar projection neurons connect all CX substructures and are subdivided into modules e ...
Task-dependent plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in
... 1. Ferrets were trained to lick water from a spout during the presentation of a variable number of reference sounds (1–7) and learned by aversive conditioning to refrain from licking following the presentation of single target sounds, which came at the end of a sequence of reference sounds. As menti ...
... 1. Ferrets were trained to lick water from a spout during the presentation of a variable number of reference sounds (1–7) and learned by aversive conditioning to refrain from licking following the presentation of single target sounds, which came at the end of a sequence of reference sounds. As menti ...
Neuronal Clusters in the Primate Motor Cortex during Interception of
... were assigned to their clusters, we defined membership ambiguity as the distance between each neuron and its centroid divided by the distance between the same neuron and its next nearest centroid. Therefore, zero ambiguity indicates that a neuron is located precisely at the centroid of the current c ...
... were assigned to their clusters, we defined membership ambiguity as the distance between each neuron and its centroid divided by the distance between the same neuron and its next nearest centroid. Therefore, zero ambiguity indicates that a neuron is located precisely at the centroid of the current c ...
Mapping Pavlovian Conditioning Effects on the Brain: Blocking
... three types of theories emphasize either CS, US or CR behavioral mechanisms, their implications can be considered in light of functional neural data. For example, differences in neural modification of CS pathways by excitor and blocked CSs would provide support for CS inattention interpretations of ...
... three types of theories emphasize either CS, US or CR behavioral mechanisms, their implications can be considered in light of functional neural data. For example, differences in neural modification of CS pathways by excitor and blocked CSs would provide support for CS inattention interpretations of ...
Activity Regulates the Incidence of Heteronymous Sensory
... (A) Schematic of lumbar spinal-hindlimb preparation. Stimulating electrodes were placed in TA, EDL, and PL muscles to activate proprioceptive fibers. Ventral roots were cut and placed into suction electrodes for either stimulation or recording. Motor neurons (green) were visually identified followin ...
... (A) Schematic of lumbar spinal-hindlimb preparation. Stimulating electrodes were placed in TA, EDL, and PL muscles to activate proprioceptive fibers. Ventral roots were cut and placed into suction electrodes for either stimulation or recording. Motor neurons (green) were visually identified followin ...
Alterations of Mitochondria and Golgi Apparatus Are
... Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
... Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Nucleus Basalis and Thalamic Control of Neocortical Activity in the
... An episodeof HVS during immobility is shown in Figure 2. HVSs were observed in every rat on at least one occasion.In a group of 11 rats, the EEG wasrecorded in 2 or 3 sessions,each involving 30 min cumulative periods of immobility. The averagefrequency of HVS was 2.3/30 min (range, l-7). For a HVS t ...
... An episodeof HVS during immobility is shown in Figure 2. HVSs were observed in every rat on at least one occasion.In a group of 11 rats, the EEG wasrecorded in 2 or 3 sessions,each involving 30 min cumulative periods of immobility. The averagefrequency of HVS was 2.3/30 min (range, l-7). For a HVS t ...
Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Neuronal Cell Death in
... We investigated the effects of a combined exposure to restraint stress and low doses of chemicals pyridostigmine bromide (PB), N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), and permethrin in adult male rats, a model of Gulf-War syndrome. Animals were exposed daily to one of the following for 28 days: (i) a combi ...
... We investigated the effects of a combined exposure to restraint stress and low doses of chemicals pyridostigmine bromide (PB), N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), and permethrin in adult male rats, a model of Gulf-War syndrome. Animals were exposed daily to one of the following for 28 days: (i) a combi ...
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...
... Tardif, 1992; Cho et al., 1995) suggests the existence of learning- and memory-related functions in these areas, and the three systems dealt with here undoubtedly interact with these substrates. It is also sometimes suggested that plasticity is a general property of the nervous system, and that expe ...
Reconstruction of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway in the adult
... Structure and placement of intranigral grafts At killing (6 and 16 weeks after transplantation) the grafts appeared as well-demarcated round or oval cell clusters located within, or immediately adjacent to, the SN, identifiable by their content of GFP+ neurons (Figs 1a, 2g and 3a). In the animals not ...
... Structure and placement of intranigral grafts At killing (6 and 16 weeks after transplantation) the grafts appeared as well-demarcated round or oval cell clusters located within, or immediately adjacent to, the SN, identifiable by their content of GFP+ neurons (Figs 1a, 2g and 3a). In the animals not ...