Levels of kinesin light chain and dynein intermediate
... Disturbances of axoplasmic transport have been identified in Alzheimer’s disease and in animal models of this disease, but their mechanisms are not well understood. In this study we have investigated the distribution and the level of expression of kinesin light chains (KLCs) (responsible for binding ...
... Disturbances of axoplasmic transport have been identified in Alzheimer’s disease and in animal models of this disease, but their mechanisms are not well understood. In this study we have investigated the distribution and the level of expression of kinesin light chains (KLCs) (responsible for binding ...
Starosta, S., Güntürkün, O., Stüttgen, M.C., Stimulus
... neurons in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), a multimodal associative forebrain structure and a presumed analogue of mammalian prefrontal cortex, represent information useful for goal-directed behavior. We subjected pigeons to a go-nogo task, in which responding to one visual stimulus (S+) ...
... neurons in the avian nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), a multimodal associative forebrain structure and a presumed analogue of mammalian prefrontal cortex, represent information useful for goal-directed behavior. We subjected pigeons to a go-nogo task, in which responding to one visual stimulus (S+) ...
Central Neuropeptide Y Signaling Ameliorates N
... pressure. NO also serves as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and its deficit causes sympathetic overactivity, which then contributes to hypertension. This study tested the hypothesis that neuropeptide Y functions as a central neurotransmitter to lower blood pressure, therefore its increased signaling ...
... pressure. NO also serves as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, and its deficit causes sympathetic overactivity, which then contributes to hypertension. This study tested the hypothesis that neuropeptide Y functions as a central neurotransmitter to lower blood pressure, therefore its increased signaling ...
Abnormal Neurotransmitter Release Underlying Behavioral and
... pathways are described elsewhere (eg, Cooper et al, 2003). Abnormal release at a given synapse may result from a myriad of dysregulatory or structural events, organizational aberrations and persistently abnormal afferent activity. Neuropsychopharmacology ...
... pathways are described elsewhere (eg, Cooper et al, 2003). Abnormal release at a given synapse may result from a myriad of dysregulatory or structural events, organizational aberrations and persistently abnormal afferent activity. Neuropsychopharmacology ...
Insights into Rapid Modulation of Neuroplasticity by Brain Estrogens
... cortex and hippocampus (McEwen and Alves, 1999; Brinton, 2009; Srivastava et al., 2011). The actions of estrogens in these areas are not limited to those observed in females but have also been consistently reported to occur in males as well, albeit in a sexually dimorphic manner in certain cases (Gi ...
... cortex and hippocampus (McEwen and Alves, 1999; Brinton, 2009; Srivastava et al., 2011). The actions of estrogens in these areas are not limited to those observed in females but have also been consistently reported to occur in males as well, albeit in a sexually dimorphic manner in certain cases (Gi ...
Association of type I neurons positive for NADPH
... morphology, these neurons exhibit distinct heterogeneity. In one subpopulation, the cell body is narrowly attenuated (7–10 μm in width). These have bipolar dendrites, extending 300–800 μm from the cell body. One or both of the dendrites is often closely associated with blood vessels and tends to be ...
... morphology, these neurons exhibit distinct heterogeneity. In one subpopulation, the cell body is narrowly attenuated (7–10 μm in width). These have bipolar dendrites, extending 300–800 μm from the cell body. One or both of the dendrites is often closely associated with blood vessels and tends to be ...
Neuronal morphology in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana
... focus on superficial (i.e., layers II–III) pyramidal neurons (mean soma depth = 794 ± 131 lm) in the two cortical regions. Because the Golgi impregnation was not uniform, more neurons appropriate for quantification were sampled from LA1 (n = 46) than from LA3 (n = 29). A total of 40 superficial pyra ...
... focus on superficial (i.e., layers II–III) pyramidal neurons (mean soma depth = 794 ± 131 lm) in the two cortical regions. Because the Golgi impregnation was not uniform, more neurons appropriate for quantification were sampled from LA1 (n = 46) than from LA3 (n = 29). A total of 40 superficial pyra ...
Target-specific differences in somatodendritic morphology of layer V
... Dendritic geometry has been shown to be a critical determinant of information processing and neuronal computation. However, it is not known whether cortical projection neurons that target different subcortical nuclei have distinct dendritic morphologies. In this study, fast blue retrograde tracing i ...
... Dendritic geometry has been shown to be a critical determinant of information processing and neuronal computation. However, it is not known whether cortical projection neurons that target different subcortical nuclei have distinct dendritic morphologies. In this study, fast blue retrograde tracing i ...
Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in Auditory Cortex Is an NMDA
... – First, during an oddball paradigm with frequency deviants, neuronal responses showed clear SSA but failed to encode novelty in a manner analogous to the human MMN. – Second, oddball paradigms using intensity or duration deviants revealed a pattern of unit responses that showed sensory adaptation, ...
... – First, during an oddball paradigm with frequency deviants, neuronal responses showed clear SSA but failed to encode novelty in a manner analogous to the human MMN. – Second, oddball paradigms using intensity or duration deviants revealed a pattern of unit responses that showed sensory adaptation, ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Direction of action is represented in the ventral premotor cortex
... To generate a goal-directed movement, the brain must translate the location of a target, specified in an external coordinate frame, into a set of muscle activation patterns, specified in an intrinsic coordinate frame. Insight into the sensorimotor transformations involved in this process1,2 and how ...
... To generate a goal-directed movement, the brain must translate the location of a target, specified in an external coordinate frame, into a set of muscle activation patterns, specified in an intrinsic coordinate frame. Insight into the sensorimotor transformations involved in this process1,2 and how ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
... We used the Matlab Statistics Toolbox for statistical analyses. In each case a significance level of P < 0.05 was used. Probability density estimate (PDE) of the volume of all boutons was obtained by nonparametric Gaussian smoothing. The PDE is estimated by placing a Gaussian kernel function on each ...
... We used the Matlab Statistics Toolbox for statistical analyses. In each case a significance level of P < 0.05 was used. Probability density estimate (PDE) of the volume of all boutons was obtained by nonparametric Gaussian smoothing. The PDE is estimated by placing a Gaussian kernel function on each ...
IOSR Journal Of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... apoptosis observed in fluorosis is confined to the neurons of cortex and hippocampus [39]. Pyramidal cells of hippocampus showed degeneration, atrophy and necrosis, cerebral cortex showed gliosis, chromatolysis and axonal swelling, signs of encephalitis in fluoride animals. The above changes are see ...
... apoptosis observed in fluorosis is confined to the neurons of cortex and hippocampus [39]. Pyramidal cells of hippocampus showed degeneration, atrophy and necrosis, cerebral cortex showed gliosis, chromatolysis and axonal swelling, signs of encephalitis in fluoride animals. The above changes are see ...
Reith RM, McKenna J, Wu H, Hashmi SS, Cho SH, Dash PK, Gambello MJ. Loss of Tsc2 in Purkinje cells is associated with autistic-like behavior in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex. Neurobiology of Disease. 2013 Mar;51:93-103.
... GABA dysfunction, and decreased attention-related cerebellar activation: were found in about 90% of autistic patients in both MRI and autopsy studies, further supporting a role for the cerebellum in ASD (Allen and Courchesne, 2003; Courchesne, 1997; Courchesne et al., 1994; Fatemi et al., 2012; Hash ...
... GABA dysfunction, and decreased attention-related cerebellar activation: were found in about 90% of autistic patients in both MRI and autopsy studies, further supporting a role for the cerebellum in ASD (Allen and Courchesne, 2003; Courchesne, 1997; Courchesne et al., 1994; Fatemi et al., 2012; Hash ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Coding of Object Location in
... Figure 1. Working hypothesis and experimental design. Scheme of signals and neuronal stations involved in this study. Afferent signals that compose the working hypothesis for this study are (solid arcs) consist of Whisking signals (signals that contain information on whisker movement regardless of ...
... Figure 1. Working hypothesis and experimental design. Scheme of signals and neuronal stations involved in this study. Afferent signals that compose the working hypothesis for this study are (solid arcs) consist of Whisking signals (signals that contain information on whisker movement regardless of ...
online age page age page proofs proofs
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
cHaPter 3
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
Increased responses in trigeminocervical nociceptive neurons to cervical input after
... 20 min. The responses to mechanical stimulation of suboccipital muscles and the responses to electrical stimulation of the GON were tested every 10 min for the ®rst hour and then every 20 min. Electrical GON stimulation consisted of trains of 20 stimuli (0.5±1 Hz) starting at least 30 min prior to a ...
... 20 min. The responses to mechanical stimulation of suboccipital muscles and the responses to electrical stimulation of the GON were tested every 10 min for the ®rst hour and then every 20 min. Electrical GON stimulation consisted of trains of 20 stimuli (0.5±1 Hz) starting at least 30 min prior to a ...
Modulation of Cortical Activation and Behavioral Arousal by
... and atonia on the EMG. Neurons that are active during waking (red symbols) include cells with ascending projections toward the cortex, which stimulate fast cortical activity, and cells with descending projections toward the spinal cord, which stimulate postural muscle tone and behavioral arousal. Th ...
... and atonia on the EMG. Neurons that are active during waking (red symbols) include cells with ascending projections toward the cortex, which stimulate fast cortical activity, and cells with descending projections toward the spinal cord, which stimulate postural muscle tone and behavioral arousal. Th ...
Cortical Connectivity Suggests a Role in Limb
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
Протокол
... cerebellum receives many direct projections from the spinal cord relaying movement-produced changes in sensory feedback. Fourth, the basal ganglia's sole access to lower motor neurons is via the cortex while the cerebellum has other more direct connections via the vestibular nuclei, reticular nuclei ...
... cerebellum receives many direct projections from the spinal cord relaying movement-produced changes in sensory feedback. Fourth, the basal ganglia's sole access to lower motor neurons is via the cortex while the cerebellum has other more direct connections via the vestibular nuclei, reticular nuclei ...
Synaptic function: Dendritic democracy
... recordings directly from the dendrites, offering the opportunity to investigate directly the mechanisms that underlie this synaptic scaling. These techniques have been used by Magee and Cook [6] in a recent study which examined the relationship between dendritic distance and synaptic efficacy in hip ...
... recordings directly from the dendrites, offering the opportunity to investigate directly the mechanisms that underlie this synaptic scaling. These techniques have been used by Magee and Cook [6] in a recent study which examined the relationship between dendritic distance and synaptic efficacy in hip ...
PDF file
... Much effort has been spent to realize general object recognition in cluttered backgrounds. The appearance-based feature descriptors are quite selective for a target shape but limited in tolerance to the object transformations. The histogram-based descriptors, for an example, the SIFT features, show ...
... Much effort has been spent to realize general object recognition in cluttered backgrounds. The appearance-based feature descriptors are quite selective for a target shape but limited in tolerance to the object transformations. The histogram-based descriptors, for an example, the SIFT features, show ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the sources of spatial information to which it is sensitive. Because ...
... In the model, each EC cell is assumed to respond to a subset of the available cues. Based on the suggestion that EC is involved in conjunctive coding (Myers et al., 1995), each EC cell in our model combines in a conjunctive manner the sources of spatial information to which it is sensitive. Because ...
uncorrected page page page proofs
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...