283 Cardiac Tamponade
... is exceeded and pericardial pressure begins to rise more rapidly. In addition a number of factors influence the rate of pressure increase within the pericardial space. Most important is the duration of time over which fluid accumulates. A rapid increase in fluid volume, typically due to bleeding cau ...
... is exceeded and pericardial pressure begins to rise more rapidly. In addition a number of factors influence the rate of pressure increase within the pericardial space. Most important is the duration of time over which fluid accumulates. A rapid increase in fluid volume, typically due to bleeding cau ...
Determinants of Duration and Mean Rate of Ventricular Ejection
... contraction and relaxation which might occur,4 those factors modifying the duration and mean rate of ventricular ejection have a reciprocal influence on the duration and mean rate of ventricular filling. One interesting implication of this relates to the dynamic alterations accompanying mitral or tr ...
... contraction and relaxation which might occur,4 those factors modifying the duration and mean rate of ventricular ejection have a reciprocal influence on the duration and mean rate of ventricular filling. One interesting implication of this relates to the dynamic alterations accompanying mitral or tr ...
Myocardial Balance of Inorganic Phosphate and
... lactate production and Pi loss during pacing and a high degree of correlation for the entire group was found between these two variables throughout the study (r=0.86, P<0.001) (fig. 2). In nine patients of this group, arterial and CS CPK levels remained fairly constant during the control period with ...
... lactate production and Pi loss during pacing and a high degree of correlation for the entire group was found between these two variables throughout the study (r=0.86, P<0.001) (fig. 2). In nine patients of this group, arterial and CS CPK levels remained fairly constant during the control period with ...
mitral valve disease : advances in catheter interventions
... Most common cause of Mitral stenosis [MS] is rheumatic heart disease [RHD].Approximately 25% of all patients with rheumatic heart disease have pure MS, and an additional 40% have combined MS and mitral regurgitation [MR] [1-3]. Two thirds of all patients with MS are female. Pathological process by w ...
... Most common cause of Mitral stenosis [MS] is rheumatic heart disease [RHD].Approximately 25% of all patients with rheumatic heart disease have pure MS, and an additional 40% have combined MS and mitral regurgitation [MR] [1-3]. Two thirds of all patients with MS are female. Pathological process by w ...
guide to atrial fibrillation - Massachusetts General Hospital
... catheter sites, discomfort at the catheter sites, aches or discomfort in your chest, fatigue or lightheadedness. Contact your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about any symptoms. ...
... catheter sites, discomfort at the catheter sites, aches or discomfort in your chest, fatigue or lightheadedness. Contact your doctor if you have any questions or concerns about any symptoms. ...
Valvular Heart Disease: A Primer for the Clinical Pharmacist
... Routine testing, such as chest radiography, may be done to very crudely assess chamber size and valve calcification, but this type of testing is best reserved to confirm the presence of high left heart filling pressures that present as varying degrees of left heart failure. Further, electrocardiogra ...
... Routine testing, such as chest radiography, may be done to very crudely assess chamber size and valve calcification, but this type of testing is best reserved to confirm the presence of high left heart filling pressures that present as varying degrees of left heart failure. Further, electrocardiogra ...
Quantification of left-to-right shunting in adult congenital heart
... left-to-right shunting. Only two patients are in the right lower quadrant in which a PC-MRI derived Qp/Qs ratio of >1.5 would have suggested shunt closure, whereas data from oximetry would not have. ...
... left-to-right shunting. Only two patients are in the right lower quadrant in which a PC-MRI derived Qp/Qs ratio of >1.5 would have suggested shunt closure, whereas data from oximetry would not have. ...
034-Dr. Fenske-Murmurs - STA HealthCare Communications
... The apical impulse is defined as the most inferolateral palpable precordial impulse and represents the isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) of the cardiac cycle (Figure 3). To best palpate the apical impulse, apply firm pressure over the inframammary region of the precordium using the volar aspect ...
... The apical impulse is defined as the most inferolateral palpable precordial impulse and represents the isovolumetric contraction time (IVCT) of the cardiac cycle (Figure 3). To best palpate the apical impulse, apply firm pressure over the inframammary region of the precordium using the volar aspect ...
Cardioverting with Confidence
... enough drugs before shocking and not starting at high enough joules to make it work first time. If you need to shock a second time is when you find out you didn't give enough versed or whatever before the first shock, the patient is ripping off the pads and not wanting to get shocked again and sayin ...
... enough drugs before shocking and not starting at high enough joules to make it work first time. If you need to shock a second time is when you find out you didn't give enough versed or whatever before the first shock, the patient is ripping off the pads and not wanting to get shocked again and sayin ...
Reversible Cardiac Failure During Angina Pectoris
... increase in left ventricular stroke work and we have interpreted these changes as evidence of left ventricular failure during myocardial ischemia. Recent reports8' 12-17 have shownl that angina can be readily produced by increasing heart rate with atrial pacing, although angina produced in this mann ...
... increase in left ventricular stroke work and we have interpreted these changes as evidence of left ventricular failure during myocardial ischemia. Recent reports8' 12-17 have shownl that angina can be readily produced by increasing heart rate with atrial pacing, although angina produced in this mann ...
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease
... each year in the U.S. alone (1,2). It is characterized by repetitive partial or complete closure of the upper airway during sleep. Acute physiologic stresses occur during these episodes of asphyxia, including arterial oxygen desaturation, surges in sympathetic activity, and acute hypertension. In a ...
... each year in the U.S. alone (1,2). It is characterized by repetitive partial or complete closure of the upper airway during sleep. Acute physiologic stresses occur during these episodes of asphyxia, including arterial oxygen desaturation, surges in sympathetic activity, and acute hypertension. In a ...
Supraventricular Tachycardia
... procainamide, ibutilide, propafenone, or flecainide can be given intravenously if the patient’s blood pressure is stable.15 However, sequential trials with different antiarrhythmic agents should be undertaken only after careful consideration of their possible negative hypotensive, bradycardic, and p ...
... procainamide, ibutilide, propafenone, or flecainide can be given intravenously if the patient’s blood pressure is stable.15 However, sequential trials with different antiarrhythmic agents should be undertaken only after careful consideration of their possible negative hypotensive, bradycardic, and p ...
Inferior Vena Cava Filter Fracture and Migration to the Heart: A
... process. First‐line treatment is anticoagulation therapy for patients who are at high‐risk for developing deep vein thrombosis. Although anticoagulation is effective in preventing future PE, it is associated with significant risks, the most concerning of which is an increased risk of bleeding. ...
... process. First‐line treatment is anticoagulation therapy for patients who are at high‐risk for developing deep vein thrombosis. Although anticoagulation is effective in preventing future PE, it is associated with significant risks, the most concerning of which is an increased risk of bleeding. ...
Ischemia-induced arrhythmia: the role of connexins, gap junctions, and
... the physiological mechanisms accounting for ischemiainduced electrical instability is an important objective of clinical electrophysiologists and basic scientists alike. Despite several decades of intense study, many questions regarding ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) remain unresolve ...
... the physiological mechanisms accounting for ischemiainduced electrical instability is an important objective of clinical electrophysiologists and basic scientists alike. Despite several decades of intense study, many questions regarding ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) remain unresolve ...
The Prognostic Role of QTc Interval in Acute Myocarditis
... and by ischemia that results in increased intracellular calcium levels during the cardiac action potential, inhibiting the repolarizing potassium current.20 QT interval prolongation has also been proposed as a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmia and death; moreover, it is a powerful predictor of ...
... and by ischemia that results in increased intracellular calcium levels during the cardiac action potential, inhibiting the repolarizing potassium current.20 QT interval prolongation has also been proposed as a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmia and death; moreover, it is a powerful predictor of ...
Syncope:
... Vasovagal Syncope Pacemaker Treatment • Pacing should only be considered in highly selected patients: – Older than 40 years – Frequent recurrences associated with repeated injury, limited prodromes and documented asystole ...
... Vasovagal Syncope Pacemaker Treatment • Pacing should only be considered in highly selected patients: – Older than 40 years – Frequent recurrences associated with repeated injury, limited prodromes and documented asystole ...
Edwards, Daniel - Cardiff Metropolitan University
... hypothesis proposed by Morganroth et al. (1977). The literature would also suggest that left ventricular function is altered by endurance and resistance type exercise and that there are distinct differences between the functioning of an endurance- and resistance trained heart (Mantziari et al. 2010 ...
... hypothesis proposed by Morganroth et al. (1977). The literature would also suggest that left ventricular function is altered by endurance and resistance type exercise and that there are distinct differences between the functioning of an endurance- and resistance trained heart (Mantziari et al. 2010 ...
AHA/ACC Scientific Statement on the Evaluation of Syncope
... Automatic detection mode in the REVEAL was activated, but no significant arrhythmias were recorded: because ILR memory “was always saturated by inappropriate activations.” ...
... Automatic detection mode in the REVEAL was activated, but no significant arrhythmias were recorded: because ILR memory “was always saturated by inappropriate activations.” ...
Preliminary Program - Knowledge Hub for Pathology
... dysregulation in connective tissue likely plays an important role in Marfan syndrome-related and possibly other forms of MVP. xxx Mitral Regurgitation (Secondary to Ischemic Injury or Heart Failure) Patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction frequently develop mitral regu ...
... dysregulation in connective tissue likely plays an important role in Marfan syndrome-related and possibly other forms of MVP. xxx Mitral Regurgitation (Secondary to Ischemic Injury or Heart Failure) Patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction frequently develop mitral regu ...
Molecular adaptations in human atrial fibrillation Brundel, Bianca
... averaging <0.5% in patients <40 years of age and reaching >5% in patients >65.2 Thus AF is likely to become increasingly important with the ageing of the population. The arrhythmia is defined by a very rapid atrial rate (generally >400/min in humans) along with irregular atrial activation and lack o ...
... averaging <0.5% in patients <40 years of age and reaching >5% in patients >65.2 Thus AF is likely to become increasingly important with the ageing of the population. The arrhythmia is defined by a very rapid atrial rate (generally >400/min in humans) along with irregular atrial activation and lack o ...
Sunao Tawara: Discoverer of the atrioventricular conduction system
... myocarditis, was published in a monograph by Aschoff and Tawara, and since then this nodule has been known as the Aschoff nodule [8]. Because they saw no evidence of interstitial myocarditis causing cardiac failure, Aschoff suggested that Tawara continue his research by examining if the muscle bands ...
... myocarditis, was published in a monograph by Aschoff and Tawara, and since then this nodule has been known as the Aschoff nodule [8]. Because they saw no evidence of interstitial myocarditis causing cardiac failure, Aschoff suggested that Tawara continue his research by examining if the muscle bands ...
a PDF of this article. - Journal of Invasive Cardiology
... the great lability of these cells with small changes in oxygen concentration and the importance the venous system assumes in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Over a century ago, in 1898, Pratt1 first described the retrograde myocardial perfusion techniques that protect hypoperfused myocardial cells ...
... the great lability of these cells with small changes in oxygen concentration and the importance the venous system assumes in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Over a century ago, in 1898, Pratt1 first described the retrograde myocardial perfusion techniques that protect hypoperfused myocardial cells ...
Mechanism and significance of a decrease in ejection fraction
... Data Systems A2 computer for data collection and subsequent analysis End-diastohc and end-systolic regions of interest were Identified us109 a sermautomated edge detection algorithm, ejection fraction was calculated from background corrected end-diastolic and end-systolic count measurements Wall mot ...
... Data Systems A2 computer for data collection and subsequent analysis End-diastohc and end-systolic regions of interest were Identified us109 a sermautomated edge detection algorithm, ejection fraction was calculated from background corrected end-diastolic and end-systolic count measurements Wall mot ...
Pericardial diseases
... Thirty-one to 57% of pericardial effusion have a neoplastic etiology in the dog.7,9 Therefore, a meticulous examination of the heart for the presence of any suspicious mass by echocardiography is mandatory when evaluating a dog with pericardial effusion. 20 The most common tumors include hemangiosar ...
... Thirty-one to 57% of pericardial effusion have a neoplastic etiology in the dog.7,9 Therefore, a meticulous examination of the heart for the presence of any suspicious mass by echocardiography is mandatory when evaluating a dog with pericardial effusion. 20 The most common tumors include hemangiosar ...
Flash pulmonary oedema and bilateral renal artery stenosis: the Pickering Syndrome †
... usually result in prompt resolution of FPO but may further compromise renal blood flow and function. This is particularly true with inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Although empirically, renin–angiotensin–system inhibitors should prove to be very useful for emergency treatment ...
... usually result in prompt resolution of FPO but may further compromise renal blood flow and function. This is particularly true with inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. Although empirically, renin–angiotensin–system inhibitors should prove to be very useful for emergency treatment ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.