2011 ACCF/AHA Guidelines for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
... intermediate to high likelihood of good long-term outcome (e.g., low-intermediate SYNTAX score of <33, bifurcation left main CAD); and 2) clinical characteristics that predict an increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes (e.g., moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, disability from ...
... intermediate to high likelihood of good long-term outcome (e.g., low-intermediate SYNTAX score of <33, bifurcation left main CAD); and 2) clinical characteristics that predict an increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes (e.g., moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, disability from ...
All About Your ICD
... determined that you have an electrical problem in your heart that keeps it from functioning properly—a problem that could even be lifethreatening. This electrical problem causes or could cause your heart to beat too rapidly. If your heart tries to beat very rapidly, it cannot pump efficiently. Try t ...
... determined that you have an electrical problem in your heart that keeps it from functioning properly—a problem that could even be lifethreatening. This electrical problem causes or could cause your heart to beat too rapidly. If your heart tries to beat very rapidly, it cannot pump efficiently. Try t ...
Review Article: Electrocardiographic localization of infarct related
... (proximal versus distal), ST-segment deviations are checked in inferior leads. The sum of ST depression in III and aVF leads 2.5 mm or more indicates an occlusion proximal to D1 (criterion A). The ST-segment, if isoelectric or elevated, indicates that the occlusion is distal to D1 (criterion C). To ...
... (proximal versus distal), ST-segment deviations are checked in inferior leads. The sum of ST depression in III and aVF leads 2.5 mm or more indicates an occlusion proximal to D1 (criterion A). The ST-segment, if isoelectric or elevated, indicates that the occlusion is distal to D1 (criterion C). To ...
Review of electromagnetic source investigations of the fetal heart
... of the P wave and QRS complex in fetuses with complete AV block. These authors also found that the P waves of fetuses with atrial flutter were of greater amplitude than in uncomplicated pregnancies, and this was suggested to reflect atrial hypertrophy. It was concluded that the fetal MCG is superior ...
... of the P wave and QRS complex in fetuses with complete AV block. These authors also found that the P waves of fetuses with atrial flutter were of greater amplitude than in uncomplicated pregnancies, and this was suggested to reflect atrial hypertrophy. It was concluded that the fetal MCG is superior ...
Phosphatase regulation in cardiovascular physiology and disease
... The heart has evolved throughout the course of metazoan evolution to perform a host of critical physiological functions. Responsible for generating the pressure gradients that propel blood, oxygen, nutrients and metabolic waste products throughout the body, the heart is in essence no different from ...
... The heart has evolved throughout the course of metazoan evolution to perform a host of critical physiological functions. Responsible for generating the pressure gradients that propel blood, oxygen, nutrients and metabolic waste products throughout the body, the heart is in essence no different from ...
Indications, Results and Mortality of Pulmonary Artery Banding
... They often benefit from a course of intravenous inotropic support and require careful attention to fluid balance and volume status. Following PAB, improved hemodynamics and greater left ventricular output often allow for diuresis and gradual resolution of CHF. The assessment of a patient following P ...
... They often benefit from a course of intravenous inotropic support and require careful attention to fluid balance and volume status. Following PAB, improved hemodynamics and greater left ventricular output often allow for diuresis and gradual resolution of CHF. The assessment of a patient following P ...
Figure 4 - JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
... Ltd., Suzhou, China), a self-expandable porcine valve, in the aortic position at our institution. All patients were considered to be prohibitive or high risk for surgical valve replacement (logistic EuroSCORE [European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation], 22.15% to 44.44%; mean, 29.32 7. ...
... Ltd., Suzhou, China), a self-expandable porcine valve, in the aortic position at our institution. All patients were considered to be prohibitive or high risk for surgical valve replacement (logistic EuroSCORE [European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation], 22.15% to 44.44%; mean, 29.32 7. ...
2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With
... A recommendation with Level of Evidence B or C does not imply that the recommendation is weak. Many important clinical questions addressed in the guidelines do not lend themselves to clinical trials. Although randomized trials are unavailable, there may be a very clear clinical consensus that a part ...
... A recommendation with Level of Evidence B or C does not imply that the recommendation is weak. Many important clinical questions addressed in the guidelines do not lend themselves to clinical trials. Although randomized trials are unavailable, there may be a very clear clinical consensus that a part ...
Validation of the Heart-Rate Signal Provided by the Zephyr
... developing malignant ventricular arrhythmias that may degenerate in SCD [7-9]; and mean HR (MHR) and HR variability (HRV) parameters, obtained by analyzing the HRS, are universally recognized as indicators of SCD [10,11]. Monitoring of repolarization and HR indexes is usually performed by medical ev ...
... developing malignant ventricular arrhythmias that may degenerate in SCD [7-9]; and mean HR (MHR) and HR variability (HRV) parameters, obtained by analyzing the HRS, are universally recognized as indicators of SCD [10,11]. Monitoring of repolarization and HR indexes is usually performed by medical ev ...
Intravenous magnesium for acute myocardial infarction
... and acute myocardial infarction were not symmetrical which indicated the possible presence of publication bias. • Statistical models used in previous meta-analysis Use of specific statistical models may affect outcome. When ISIS-4 is added to the earlier RCTs, the fixed effect model that assumes hom ...
... and acute myocardial infarction were not symmetrical which indicated the possible presence of publication bias. • Statistical models used in previous meta-analysis Use of specific statistical models may affect outcome. When ISIS-4 is added to the earlier RCTs, the fixed effect model that assumes hom ...
Venous Thromboembolism Increases the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation
... study end). The exposure variable VTE was included as a timedependent variable using multiple observation periods per subject. That is, no subjects were registered with VTE at baseline, but the variable was updated for those who developed VTE during follow-up. The multivariable HRs were adjusted for ...
... study end). The exposure variable VTE was included as a timedependent variable using multiple observation periods per subject. That is, no subjects were registered with VTE at baseline, but the variable was updated for those who developed VTE during follow-up. The multivariable HRs were adjusted for ...
2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With
... A recommendation with Level of Evidence B or C does not imply that the recommendation is weak. Many important clinical questions addressed in the guidelines do not lend themselves to clinical trials. Although randomized trials are unavailable, there may be a very clear clinical consensus that a part ...
... A recommendation with Level of Evidence B or C does not imply that the recommendation is weak. Many important clinical questions addressed in the guidelines do not lend themselves to clinical trials. Although randomized trials are unavailable, there may be a very clear clinical consensus that a part ...
PVCs - Saudi Heart Association
... • 61 pts who having frequent RV PVCs contacted after 15 ± 2 years (12 to 20) • The primary end point was to ascertain the presence of cases of sudden death and development of ARVD. • At the end of the follow-up, 55 pts were alive • six died, none of sudden death • 47 pts had normal ECG • In 24 pati ...
... • 61 pts who having frequent RV PVCs contacted after 15 ± 2 years (12 to 20) • The primary end point was to ascertain the presence of cases of sudden death and development of ARVD. • At the end of the follow-up, 55 pts were alive • six died, none of sudden death • 47 pts had normal ECG • In 24 pati ...
ACC/AHA/ASNC Guidelines for the Clinical Use of Cardiac
... (PET), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, ischemia, ventricular volumes, left ventricular (LV) function, and angina. The committee reviewed all compiled reports from computerized searches and conducted additional hand searching. Throughout this literature review, abstracts of unpublis ...
... (PET), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, ischemia, ventricular volumes, left ventricular (LV) function, and angina. The committee reviewed all compiled reports from computerized searches and conducted additional hand searching. Throughout this literature review, abstracts of unpublis ...
Editorials Original Articles - Circulation: Arrhythmia and
... CIRCULATION: ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY (ISSN 1941-3084) is published monthly online-only by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. at 14700 Citicorp Drive, Bldg 3, Hagerstown, MD 21742. Business offices are located at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103. Production offices ar ...
... CIRCULATION: ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY (ISSN 1941-3084) is published monthly online-only by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. at 14700 Citicorp Drive, Bldg 3, Hagerstown, MD 21742. Business offices are located at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103. Production offices ar ...
Pediatric Cardiology - Philippine Heart Center
... A study by Munoz et al9 done in 2001 determined lactate levels pre- and post-bypass, as well as upon ICU admission. They have reported the largest increment in lactate level was during cardiopulmonary bypass and a change in lactate level of more than 3 mmol/L had the optimal sensitivity (82%) and sp ...
... A study by Munoz et al9 done in 2001 determined lactate levels pre- and post-bypass, as well as upon ICU admission. They have reported the largest increment in lactate level was during cardiopulmonary bypass and a change in lactate level of more than 3 mmol/L had the optimal sensitivity (82%) and sp ...
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in ischemic heart
... risk profiles, such as diabetics, or in patients with known CAD during follow-up (10). Exercise electrocardiography (ECG) is usually the first-level stress test, but this may not be appropriate for some patients (e.g., those with limited physical capacity) or nondiagnostic (e.g., due to not reaching t ...
... risk profiles, such as diabetics, or in patients with known CAD during follow-up (10). Exercise electrocardiography (ECG) is usually the first-level stress test, but this may not be appropriate for some patients (e.g., those with limited physical capacity) or nondiagnostic (e.g., due to not reaching t ...
The apical long-axis rather than the two
... from the apical window'5"81. Although an estimation of volume can be obtained from single apical views, biplane calculations have a better reproducibility'91. Most of the biplane methods assume orthogonality between paired apical views. The apical four-chamber is a standard view in all algorithms as ...
... from the apical window'5"81. Although an estimation of volume can be obtained from single apical views, biplane calculations have a better reproducibility'91. Most of the biplane methods assume orthogonality between paired apical views. The apical four-chamber is a standard view in all algorithms as ...
Cardiac Contraction and Relaxation
... Otto Frank and Ernest Starling observed that the strength of the heartbeat was greater the more the diastolic filling of the heart ...
... Otto Frank and Ernest Starling observed that the strength of the heartbeat was greater the more the diastolic filling of the heart ...
Two components of delayed rectifier K+ current in heart: molecular
... (KCNQ1), and a function-altering β subunit, minK (KCNE1)[29,30]. An N-terminal truncated isoform of the KvLQT1 gene product (isoform 2) has been identified in the human adult ventricle (with an amount of 28 % of total KvLQT1 expression)[31]. The isoform 2 exerts a pronounced dominant negative effect ...
... (KCNQ1), and a function-altering β subunit, minK (KCNE1)[29,30]. An N-terminal truncated isoform of the KvLQT1 gene product (isoform 2) has been identified in the human adult ventricle (with an amount of 28 % of total KvLQT1 expression)[31]. The isoform 2 exerts a pronounced dominant negative effect ...
Strain and Strain Rate Imaging by Echocardiography
... prognostic information, especially prediction of future reverse remodelling after left ventricular restoration surgery or after cardiac resynchronization therapy and prediction of short and median-term outcome without transplantation or ventricular assist device implantation of patients referred for ...
... prognostic information, especially prediction of future reverse remodelling after left ventricular restoration surgery or after cardiac resynchronization therapy and prediction of short and median-term outcome without transplantation or ventricular assist device implantation of patients referred for ...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs - LSU School of Medicine
... population—have failed, despite prolonged and dedicated efforts, to become sufficiently effective or safe for widespread use. And finally, consider that with a deeper understanding of cellular electrophysiology, drug companies are now beginning to “tailor” new compounds that might be more effective an ...
... population—have failed, despite prolonged and dedicated efforts, to become sufficiently effective or safe for widespread use. And finally, consider that with a deeper understanding of cellular electrophysiology, drug companies are now beginning to “tailor” new compounds that might be more effective an ...
Spotlight on atrial fibrillation—the `complete arrhythmia`
... conduction delays and fragmented electrograms are more common in AF. Brundel et al. discuss the available information regarding molecular mechanisms of remodeling in human AF [33]. The evidence for ion-channel remodeling at the mRNA and protein levels is reviewed, as are changes in proteins determin ...
... conduction delays and fragmented electrograms are more common in AF. Brundel et al. discuss the available information regarding molecular mechanisms of remodeling in human AF [33]. The evidence for ion-channel remodeling at the mRNA and protein levels is reviewed, as are changes in proteins determin ...
Slow and Long-Lasting Modulation of
... Prolonged ventricular pacing induces T wave polarity changes that persist long after cessation of pacing. To examine how ventricular repolarization is modulated by prolonged changes in activation sequence, we studied the effect of ectopic pacing on the distribution of action potential durations (APD ...
... Prolonged ventricular pacing induces T wave polarity changes that persist long after cessation of pacing. To examine how ventricular repolarization is modulated by prolonged changes in activation sequence, we studied the effect of ectopic pacing on the distribution of action potential durations (APD ...
Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by
... mild, moderate, and severe abnormalities on the basis of SDs above or below the reference limit derived from a group of healthy people. The advantage of this method is that these data readily exist for most echocardiographic parameters. However, this approach is fundamentally flawed. First, not all ...
... mild, moderate, and severe abnormalities on the basis of SDs above or below the reference limit derived from a group of healthy people. The advantage of this method is that these data readily exist for most echocardiographic parameters. However, this approach is fundamentally flawed. First, not all ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.