Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Echocardiography
... ductal arch (D) and the transverse aortic arch (Ao) to be of equal size traversing back to the fetal spine (F). A normal variant "three vessel" view is shown with a right sided aortic arch and persistent left superior caval vein (LSVC). The trachea (T) can be seen lying between the aortic (Ao) and d ...
... ductal arch (D) and the transverse aortic arch (Ao) to be of equal size traversing back to the fetal spine (F). A normal variant "three vessel" view is shown with a right sided aortic arch and persistent left superior caval vein (LSVC). The trachea (T) can be seen lying between the aortic (Ao) and d ...
Disturbances of Rate and Rhythm
... VES-s induced by a low level of exercise may have a worse prognosis than those which occur spontaneously. Sudden death occurs more frequently (presumably as a result of VF) when VES-s occur in the presence of organic heart disease. ...
... VES-s induced by a low level of exercise may have a worse prognosis than those which occur spontaneously. Sudden death occurs more frequently (presumably as a result of VF) when VES-s occur in the presence of organic heart disease. ...
Assessment of Heart and Neck Vessels ANATOMY AND
... In addition, the client describes how the pain feels and whether it is sharp or dull (quality). To understand the severity of the pain, the nurse asks the client to grade it from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating an absence of pain and 10 indicating severe pain (intensity). The client may also report other ...
... In addition, the client describes how the pain feels and whether it is sharp or dull (quality). To understand the severity of the pain, the nurse asks the client to grade it from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating an absence of pain and 10 indicating severe pain (intensity). The client may also report other ...
PBLD: 16-year-old Female, S/p TOF Repair for Laparoscopic
... complex anomalies and these infants and children are surviving and growing into adults. Today, approximately 85% of babies born with congenital cardiac anomalies will reach adulthood and long-term survival is expected to continue to improve. The most frequently seen congenital cardiac lesions in the ...
... complex anomalies and these infants and children are surviving and growing into adults. Today, approximately 85% of babies born with congenital cardiac anomalies will reach adulthood and long-term survival is expected to continue to improve. The most frequently seen congenital cardiac lesions in the ...
Region 11: Heart, Trachea, and Lungs Landmarks -
... --Atrioventricular valves *separates the atria from the ventricles *valves have rigns, cusps, chorda tendinae, and papillary muscles *Right atrioventricular valve/Tricuspid valve (3 cusps) *Left atrioventricular valve/Mitral/Bicuspid valve (2 cusps) --Semilunar valves *pulmonary valve *aortic valve ...
... --Atrioventricular valves *separates the atria from the ventricles *valves have rigns, cusps, chorda tendinae, and papillary muscles *Right atrioventricular valve/Tricuspid valve (3 cusps) *Left atrioventricular valve/Mitral/Bicuspid valve (2 cusps) --Semilunar valves *pulmonary valve *aortic valve ...
Ventricular Arrhythmias
... There is no regular pattern as in Vtach No effective cardiac output! Requires CPR and DC shock, ie, Defibrillation ...
... There is no regular pattern as in Vtach No effective cardiac output! Requires CPR and DC shock, ie, Defibrillation ...
Blood cyst of tricuspid valve: an incidental finding in a patient with
... They are usually congenital in origin, seen predominantly in infants, and located on the endocardium, particularly along the lines of closure of heart valves. During infancy, these cysts may disappear spontaneously, and therefore are rarely seen in older children and adults. The cysts are most commo ...
... They are usually congenital in origin, seen predominantly in infants, and located on the endocardium, particularly along the lines of closure of heart valves. During infancy, these cysts may disappear spontaneously, and therefore are rarely seen in older children and adults. The cysts are most commo ...
MP 2.02.16 Non-Invasive Measurement of Left Ventricular End
... standard of testing (i.e., noninvasive measurement of LVEDP to the gold standard of direct measurement of LVEDP with left heart catheterization or to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure), and 3) evaluation of the impact on the clinical management of the patient and a determination of whether the chan ...
... standard of testing (i.e., noninvasive measurement of LVEDP to the gold standard of direct measurement of LVEDP with left heart catheterization or to pulmonary capillary wedge pressure), and 3) evaluation of the impact on the clinical management of the patient and a determination of whether the chan ...
Atrial and Ventricular Septal Defects
... two atria and the two ventricles. Congenital holes in this septum allow blood to flow (or shunt) between the right and left sides of the heart. This abnormal flow of blood causes heart enlargement and failure. If left unchecked, it can lead to permanent heart and lung damage. An atrial septal defect ...
... two atria and the two ventricles. Congenital holes in this septum allow blood to flow (or shunt) between the right and left sides of the heart. This abnormal flow of blood causes heart enlargement and failure. If left unchecked, it can lead to permanent heart and lung damage. An atrial septal defect ...
Heart Anatomy
... • amount of force produced during contraction at a given preload • factors that increase contractility are positive inotropic agents • those that reduce it-negative inotrophic agents • positive ionotropic factors typically stimulate Ca entry into cells • negative ionotropic factors function to block ...
... • amount of force produced during contraction at a given preload • factors that increase contractility are positive inotropic agents • those that reduce it-negative inotrophic agents • positive ionotropic factors typically stimulate Ca entry into cells • negative ionotropic factors function to block ...
Cardiac Assessment in the Operating Room (Part 1)
... – Document baseline ventricular function – Assessment of AV valve function – Confirmation of anatomy and surgical plan – Are there any additional defects that need to be addressed surgically? • Especially atrial septal defect • ?Bubble study to confirm intact atrial septum ...
... – Document baseline ventricular function – Assessment of AV valve function – Confirmation of anatomy and surgical plan – Are there any additional defects that need to be addressed surgically? • Especially atrial septal defect • ?Bubble study to confirm intact atrial septum ...
Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricular apex
... Idiopathic monomorphic ventricular tachycardia4 includes the outflow tract (right and left, aortic cusp VT), fascicular VT (anterior–posterior fascicular VT), septal VT (right and left), the pulmonary artery, adrenergic monomorphic VT, and annular VT-(mitral and tricuspid). To my knowledge, there are ...
... Idiopathic monomorphic ventricular tachycardia4 includes the outflow tract (right and left, aortic cusp VT), fascicular VT (anterior–posterior fascicular VT), septal VT (right and left), the pulmonary artery, adrenergic monomorphic VT, and annular VT-(mitral and tricuspid). To my knowledge, there are ...
The Cardiac Cycle
... The atrial systole takes 0.1 seconds. And the atrial diastole takes 0.7 seconds {the total is 0.8 seconds = the cardiac cycle}. We have AV delay; so that the atria and ventricles do not contract at the same time. Therefore, atrial systole is followed by ventricular systole. In other words, once th ...
... The atrial systole takes 0.1 seconds. And the atrial diastole takes 0.7 seconds {the total is 0.8 seconds = the cardiac cycle}. We have AV delay; so that the atria and ventricles do not contract at the same time. Therefore, atrial systole is followed by ventricular systole. In other words, once th ...
Domperidone: ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death (continued)
... Domperidone, a ‘’hidden’’ neuroleptic, is used for symptomatic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, despite its uncertain efficacy. The intravenous form was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following deaths due to cardiac arrhythmias. QT prolongation leading to cardiac arrhythmias, ...
... Domperidone, a ‘’hidden’’ neuroleptic, is used for symptomatic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, despite its uncertain efficacy. The intravenous form was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following deaths due to cardiac arrhythmias. QT prolongation leading to cardiac arrhythmias, ...
Antenatal diagnosis of fetal heart malformation
... the predictive capacity of increased NT in the detection of major congenital heart defects in chromosomally normal fetuses. In patients with a thickened NT and normal chromosomes following invasive testing, the finding of an absent or reversed A-wave in the ductus venosus is associated with a thr ...
... the predictive capacity of increased NT in the detection of major congenital heart defects in chromosomally normal fetuses. In patients with a thickened NT and normal chromosomes following invasive testing, the finding of an absent or reversed A-wave in the ductus venosus is associated with a thr ...
Arrhythmias Complicating AMI
... Incidence of primary VF in MI is about 5% in patients in whom a documented rhythm is obtained. It occurs without antecedent warning arrhythmias in over half. The true incidence of primary VF is probably higher because it has been estimated that one-half of all patients with coronary artery disease d ...
... Incidence of primary VF in MI is about 5% in patients in whom a documented rhythm is obtained. It occurs without antecedent warning arrhythmias in over half. The true incidence of primary VF is probably higher because it has been estimated that one-half of all patients with coronary artery disease d ...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Information Sheet FAQs and
... SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athlete is about one in 100,000. However, student athletes’ risk of SCA is nearly four times that of non-athletes due to the increased demands on the heart during exercise. Causes: SCA is caused by several structu ...
... SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athlete is about one in 100,000. However, student athletes’ risk of SCA is nearly four times that of non-athletes due to the increased demands on the heart during exercise. Causes: SCA is caused by several structu ...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) Information for Parents and Student
... SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athlete is about one in 100,000. However, student athletes’ risk of SCA is nearly four times that of non-athletes due to the increased demands on the heart during exercise. Causes: SCA is caused by several structu ...
... SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athlete is about one in 100,000. However, student athletes’ risk of SCA is nearly four times that of non-athletes due to the increased demands on the heart during exercise. Causes: SCA is caused by several structu ...
Jugular Venous Pressure
... same result (abdominojugular reflux sign). Pressure over the peri-umbilical region is the usual method and may be more appropriate in patients with a tender liver. A transient increase in the JVP will be seen in normal patients. There may be a delayed recovery back to baseline which is more marked i ...
... same result (abdominojugular reflux sign). Pressure over the peri-umbilical region is the usual method and may be more appropriate in patients with a tender liver. A transient increase in the JVP will be seen in normal patients. There may be a delayed recovery back to baseline which is more marked i ...
transient severe left ventricular diastolic dysfunction during
... A 55-year-old man with history of anterior myocardial infarction was admitted with complaint of chest pain. Selective coronary angiography showed significant proximal lesion of left anterior descending artery that was not suitable for percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Therefore he became candidate ...
... A 55-year-old man with history of anterior myocardial infarction was admitted with complaint of chest pain. Selective coronary angiography showed significant proximal lesion of left anterior descending artery that was not suitable for percutaneous coronary angioplasty. Therefore he became candidate ...
Lecture 2
... Q = first negative deflection R = first positive deflection S = any negative deflection after an R wave ...
... Q = first negative deflection R = first positive deflection S = any negative deflection after an R wave ...
Editor`s Perspective - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... Although it is essentially impossible to ablate midseptal accessory pathways without risk to the AV node, anterior septal pathways, while often challenging, do give the operator clear options for high success rates and lower risk for injury to the compact AV node. Because the compact AV node is a mi ...
... Although it is essentially impossible to ablate midseptal accessory pathways without risk to the AV node, anterior septal pathways, while often challenging, do give the operator clear options for high success rates and lower risk for injury to the compact AV node. Because the compact AV node is a mi ...
Task force I: Congenital heart disease
... can usually be diagnosed on physical examination alone provided that it is done by a physician who is train~d and experienced in congenital heart disease. An echocardlOgram may increase the accuracy of diagnosis, particularly if the atrial septal defect is large (l). Minimal evaluation required for ...
... can usually be diagnosed on physical examination alone provided that it is done by a physician who is train~d and experienced in congenital heart disease. An echocardlOgram may increase the accuracy of diagnosis, particularly if the atrial septal defect is large (l). Minimal evaluation required for ...
Tailored acute heart failure treatment
... approximately 30% in the 1960s to 6-7% at present. However, the mortality observed in AMI patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) exceeds 50% and has hardly improved, despite the introduction of modern treatment strategies1,2. Most CS-related deaths occur during the first 48 hours1–3. Thus, instant sim ...
... approximately 30% in the 1960s to 6-7% at present. However, the mortality observed in AMI patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) exceeds 50% and has hardly improved, despite the introduction of modern treatment strategies1,2. Most CS-related deaths occur during the first 48 hours1–3. Thus, instant sim ...
Intraprocedural left ventricular free wall rupture diagnosed by left
... The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Consent for publication Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s family for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. Ethics approval and consent to participate ...
... The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Consent for publication Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s family for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. Ethics approval and consent to participate ...
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary disease of the myocardium (the muscle of the heart) in which a portion of the myocardium is hypertrophied (thickened) without any obvious cause, creating functional impairment of the cardiac muscle. It is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.The occurrence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant cause of sudden unexpected cardiac death in any age group and as a cause of disabling cardiac symptoms. Younger people are likely to have a more severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.HCM is frequently asymptomatic until sudden cardiac death, and for this reason some suggest routinely screening certain populations for this disease.A cardiomyopathy is a disease that affects the muscle of the heart. With HCM, the myocytes (cardiac contractile cells) in the heart increase in size, which results in the thickening of the heart muscle. In addition, the normal alignment of muscle cells is disrupted, a phenomenon known as myocardial disarray. HCM also causes disruptions of the electrical functions of the heart. HCM is most commonly due to a mutation in one of nine sarcomeric genes that results in a mutated protein in the sarcomere, the primary component of the myocyte (the muscle cell of the heart). These are predominantly single-point missense mutations in the genes for beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC), myosin-binding protein C, cardiac troponinT, or tropomyosin. These mutations cause myofibril and myocyte structural abnormalities and possible deficiencies in force generation. Not to be confused with dilated cardiomyopathy or any other cardiomyopathy.While most literature so far focuses on European, American, and Japanese populations, HCM appears in all ethnic groups. The prevalence of HCM is about 0.2% to 0.5% of the general population.