identification of cell types in brain slices of the inferior colliculus
... parallel the ®bro-dendritic laminae. A second, less common neuron with a different dendritic morphology is also found in all species studied (e.g. the less-¯at neuron in the rat). In contrast, physiology suggests three or more cell types are present based on responses to binaural acoustic stimuli an ...
... parallel the ®bro-dendritic laminae. A second, less common neuron with a different dendritic morphology is also found in all species studied (e.g. the less-¯at neuron in the rat). In contrast, physiology suggests three or more cell types are present based on responses to binaural acoustic stimuli an ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... brain areas. Examples for such deficiencies are the impaired release of hippocampal or neocortical acetylcholine, striatal dopamine, and hippocampal or neocortical noradrenaline in disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and major depression, respectively. ...
... brain areas. Examples for such deficiencies are the impaired release of hippocampal or neocortical acetylcholine, striatal dopamine, and hippocampal or neocortical noradrenaline in disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and major depression, respectively. ...
Electronic Realization of Human Brain`s Neo
... mitochondria which are in charge of building proteins and producing energy respectively. The transmitter and the receiver part of the neuron resemble a bush or a tree. The part of the neuron that functions as the receiver is called dendrite. A neuron contains multiple dendrites which are extended ou ...
... mitochondria which are in charge of building proteins and producing energy respectively. The transmitter and the receiver part of the neuron resemble a bush or a tree. The part of the neuron that functions as the receiver is called dendrite. A neuron contains multiple dendrites which are extended ou ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex during Licking
... Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in ⬃200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection have not been identified. For this reason, we investigat ...
... Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in ⬃200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection have not been identified. For this reason, we investigat ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex
... Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in !200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection have not been identified. For this reason, we investigat ...
... Rapid tastant detection is necessary to prevent the ingestion of potentially poisonous compounds. Behavioral studies have shown that rats can identify tastants in !200 ms, although the electrophysiological correlates for fast tastant detection have not been identified. For this reason, we investigat ...
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
... system during sleep. Other hypothalamic neurons stabilize the switch, and their absence results in inappropriate switching of behavioural states, such as occurs in narcolepsy. These findings explain how various drugs affect sleep and wakefulness, and provide the basis for a wide range of environment ...
... system during sleep. Other hypothalamic neurons stabilize the switch, and their absence results in inappropriate switching of behavioural states, such as occurs in narcolepsy. These findings explain how various drugs affect sleep and wakefulness, and provide the basis for a wide range of environment ...
The basis of the stress reaction
... signals enter the CNS via circumventricular organs3,14. These pathways do not work as ‘soloists’, but the stress projection is in accord with neuronal activation. The humoral signals can affect the CNS in multiple pathways: (i) when the molecule is lipophilic, it can pass freely through the blood–br ...
... signals enter the CNS via circumventricular organs3,14. These pathways do not work as ‘soloists’, but the stress projection is in accord with neuronal activation. The humoral signals can affect the CNS in multiple pathways: (i) when the molecule is lipophilic, it can pass freely through the blood–br ...
Rhythms for Cognition: Communication through
... the local network decays, the gamma cycle starts again with a new round of excitatory neuron spiking. Thus, there is only a 3 ms window for excitation, whereas the longer rest of the gamma cycle is dominated by inhibition (Figure 2A). The spikes travel from the presynaptic neurons, through their ana ...
... the local network decays, the gamma cycle starts again with a new round of excitatory neuron spiking. Thus, there is only a 3 ms window for excitation, whereas the longer rest of the gamma cycle is dominated by inhibition (Figure 2A). The spikes travel from the presynaptic neurons, through their ana ...
Structural and functional architecture of respiratory networks in the
... circuit components that constitute the neural machinery for generating respiratory rhythm and shaping inspiratory and expiratory motor patterns are distributed among three adjacent structural compartments in the ventrolateral medulla: the Bötzinger complex (BötC), pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC ...
... circuit components that constitute the neural machinery for generating respiratory rhythm and shaping inspiratory and expiratory motor patterns are distributed among three adjacent structural compartments in the ventrolateral medulla: the Bötzinger complex (BötC), pre-Bötzinger complex (pre-BötC ...
Attractor concretion as a mechanism for the formation of context
... competition between the positive and the negative state. In particular, the competition bias is learned by modifying the synaptic connections from the neurons that represent each CS and the positive and negative value coding neurons. When the associations are reversed, the learned synaptic strengths ...
... competition between the positive and the negative state. In particular, the competition bias is learned by modifying the synaptic connections from the neurons that represent each CS and the positive and negative value coding neurons. When the associations are reversed, the learned synaptic strengths ...
cont`d. - PSY388
... May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
... May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
Effects of galanin on wide-dynamic range neuron activity
... receptor after periphery nerve injury. Similar situations were observed in endogenous opioid systems. Lee et al. reported that intravenous injection of morphine or DAMGO significantly increased the struggle latency to paw immersion in a hot water bath in rats with mononeuropathy induced by four loos ...
... receptor after periphery nerve injury. Similar situations were observed in endogenous opioid systems. Lee et al. reported that intravenous injection of morphine or DAMGO significantly increased the struggle latency to paw immersion in a hot water bath in rats with mononeuropathy induced by four loos ...
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) expression and inhibitory
... The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid long peptide. As the name suggests, it was originally discovered in the gut but has since been found in the nervous system and is considered a neurotransmitter (Said, 1984). VIP and its receptors, VPAC1 & 2, are expressed in multiple cel ...
... The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is a 28-amino acid long peptide. As the name suggests, it was originally discovered in the gut but has since been found in the nervous system and is considered a neurotransmitter (Said, 1984). VIP and its receptors, VPAC1 & 2, are expressed in multiple cel ...
Title Goes here
... histochemically stained Pitfall- A large amount of precipitated Zn2+ remains in the axonal boutons, leading to ...
... histochemically stained Pitfall- A large amount of precipitated Zn2+ remains in the axonal boutons, leading to ...
LAB: Nerve Reflexes
... Nerve impulses follow routes through the nervous system called nerve pathways. Some of the simplest nerve pathways consist of little more than two neurons that communicate across a single synapse. A reflex is a relatively simple motor response that does not involve a large number of interneurons (or ...
... Nerve impulses follow routes through the nervous system called nerve pathways. Some of the simplest nerve pathways consist of little more than two neurons that communicate across a single synapse. A reflex is a relatively simple motor response that does not involve a large number of interneurons (or ...
ABSTRACT Title of dissertation: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF NEURONAL
... Neuronal development relies on the coordination of various biological mechanisms, including the trafficking and function of neurotransmitter receptors and synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). In this dissertation, I investigated various distinct, yet related, mechanisms of neuronal development: ...
... Neuronal development relies on the coordination of various biological mechanisms, including the trafficking and function of neurotransmitter receptors and synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). In this dissertation, I investigated various distinct, yet related, mechanisms of neuronal development: ...
MECHANISMS OF CENTRAL TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY
... The scheme of Table I may be valid only for the efferent part of the system whereas in the proper central interneurons other kinds of reaction are conceivable. f i r the efferent part of the inspiratmy neurons phrenic nerve activity is a good indicator. A closed population of expiratory neurons was ...
... The scheme of Table I may be valid only for the efferent part of the system whereas in the proper central interneurons other kinds of reaction are conceivable. f i r the efferent part of the inspiratmy neurons phrenic nerve activity is a good indicator. A closed population of expiratory neurons was ...
Organization of Inhibitory Frequency Receptive Fields in Cat Primary
... Frequency tuning curves (FTCs) define a spectral or frequency-intensity RF for auditory neurons. Typically, FTCs of auditory neurons have been defined with single-tone stimuli (analogous to single-spot light stimuli used to define the CRF) and have focused on the excitatory spectral RF (esRF). Howev ...
... Frequency tuning curves (FTCs) define a spectral or frequency-intensity RF for auditory neurons. Typically, FTCs of auditory neurons have been defined with single-tone stimuli (analogous to single-spot light stimuli used to define the CRF) and have focused on the excitatory spectral RF (esRF). Howev ...
The Control of Rate and Timing of Spikes in the Deep Cerebellar
... ⫺40 mV (data not shown). The parameter gmax has not been determined experimentally yet, and we used different gain factors to explore a realistic range of input conductance amplitudes. A gmax of 4.3 pS corresponds to a gain factor of 1 in our experiments. The applied inhibitory conductance trace (Gi ...
... ⫺40 mV (data not shown). The parameter gmax has not been determined experimentally yet, and we used different gain factors to explore a realistic range of input conductance amplitudes. A gmax of 4.3 pS corresponds to a gain factor of 1 in our experiments. The applied inhibitory conductance trace (Gi ...
Neural Interaction in Cat Primary Auditory Cortex. Dependence on
... L in layers I-III of the primary auditory cortex suggest that most of the tangential labeling of axon collaterals of the pyramidal cells proceeds in a dorsoventral direction, i.e., within isofrequency sheets. However, additional patches occur over 1 mm anterior or posterior of the injection site and ...
... L in layers I-III of the primary auditory cortex suggest that most of the tangential labeling of axon collaterals of the pyramidal cells proceeds in a dorsoventral direction, i.e., within isofrequency sheets. However, additional patches occur over 1 mm anterior or posterior of the injection site and ...
relation between cell size and response characteristics of
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
... the cell body and the axonal diameter of LVN neurons (Deiters, 1865) and physiologic measurements of axonal conduction velocity of LVN neurons activated antidromically from the lumbar cord (Ito et al., 1964; Wilson et al., 1967; Akaike et al., 1973) have confirmed this finding. Finally, these two ne ...
In LHRH neurons
... Characterized by nifedipine blockade, but not blockade by ώ conotoxin. Also, they are activated by ...
... Characterized by nifedipine blockade, but not blockade by ώ conotoxin. Also, they are activated by ...
Phosholipase C-Related Inactive Protein Is Involved in Trafficking of
... eropentamers composed of subunits including ␣1– 6, 1–3, ␥1–3, ␦, , , and , and their characteristics depend mainly on the subunit composition of the individual receptor (Korpi et al., 2002). Benzodiazepine-type drugs are widely used for anxiolytic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxing a ...
... eropentamers composed of subunits including ␣1– 6, 1–3, ␥1–3, ␦, , , and , and their characteristics depend mainly on the subunit composition of the individual receptor (Korpi et al., 2002). Benzodiazepine-type drugs are widely used for anxiolytic, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and muscle-relaxing a ...
Report - Ben Hayden
... switching related changes in activity are not restricted to the end of the trial and hint that local choice patterns may reflect the integrated outcome of ongoing evaluative processes. In a previous study, we showed that firing rates of CGp neurons predict choices of the risky option in a gamble (Mc ...
... switching related changes in activity are not restricted to the end of the trial and hint that local choice patterns may reflect the integrated outcome of ongoing evaluative processes. In a previous study, we showed that firing rates of CGp neurons predict choices of the risky option in a gamble (Mc ...