Transgenic Mice Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein under the
... Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA). In addition, an antisense probe for oxytocin was applied, which was generated by using a DNA fragment corresponding to nucleotides 3060 –3256 of the rat oxytocin DNA (GenBank accession number X12792). Three transgenic mice were used in each dual-la ...
... Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA). In addition, an antisense probe for oxytocin was applied, which was generated by using a DNA fragment corresponding to nucleotides 3060 –3256 of the rat oxytocin DNA (GenBank accession number X12792). Three transgenic mice were used in each dual-la ...
Cellular mechanisms underlying network synchrony in the medial
... Encoding interference problem Spike ...
... Encoding interference problem Spike ...
The lens - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
... lens-like structures can form even in the absence of retinal tissue [32,33]. These first studies concerning lens induction were based exclusively on morphology. Since then, accumulating results using cytological criteria and molecular markers indicate that structures resembling a lens develop indepe ...
... lens-like structures can form even in the absence of retinal tissue [32,33]. These first studies concerning lens induction were based exclusively on morphology. Since then, accumulating results using cytological criteria and molecular markers indicate that structures resembling a lens develop indepe ...
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... that these neurons utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter. A tentative identification of the developmental origin of the monoamine-containing neurons was previously made in the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella triserialis by ablation of identified blastomeres (Blair, 1983). Following ablation in the e ...
... that these neurons utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter. A tentative identification of the developmental origin of the monoamine-containing neurons was previously made in the glossiphoniid leech Helobdella triserialis by ablation of identified blastomeres (Blair, 1983). Following ablation in the e ...
How Inhibition Shapes Cortical Activity
... proportion to the level of local network activity, but they directly influence it through their inhibitory feedback. This simple connectivity pattern is ubiquitous in cortex and forms the basis for so-called feedback or recurrent inhibition (Figure 1A). Of course, not all cortical excitation receive ...
... proportion to the level of local network activity, but they directly influence it through their inhibitory feedback. This simple connectivity pattern is ubiquitous in cortex and forms the basis for so-called feedback or recurrent inhibition (Figure 1A). Of course, not all cortical excitation receive ...
RNA Trafficking and Local Protein Synthesis in Dendrites: An
... mir134 concentrations altered LimK1 concentrations, which in turn altered spine structure. These findings are also consistent with miRNAs functioning to regulate translation at the synapse and indicate that such regulated translation is required for normal spine development. In the past year, studie ...
... mir134 concentrations altered LimK1 concentrations, which in turn altered spine structure. These findings are also consistent with miRNAs functioning to regulate translation at the synapse and indicate that such regulated translation is required for normal spine development. In the past year, studie ...
GANGLION
... Parasympathetic system distributes only to the head and neck, visceral cavities of the trunk, and the erectile tissues of the external genitalia (with the exception of the latter, it does not reach the body wall or limbs). ...
... Parasympathetic system distributes only to the head and neck, visceral cavities of the trunk, and the erectile tissues of the external genitalia (with the exception of the latter, it does not reach the body wall or limbs). ...
Two Phylogenetic Specializations in the Human Brain
... The spindle cells may serve to augment and relay the error-correcting information to other parts of the brain. The spindle cells are located in layer 5, which typically relays the output of cortical processing to other cortical areas and subcortical structures. The axons of the spindle cells are kno ...
... The spindle cells may serve to augment and relay the error-correcting information to other parts of the brain. The spindle cells are located in layer 5, which typically relays the output of cortical processing to other cortical areas and subcortical structures. The axons of the spindle cells are kno ...
An Introduction To Human Neuroanatomy
... Here, in these MRI images, we can see the veins that drain both the cerebral cortex and the deeper regions of the brain. These veins flow into a series of large thick venous sinuses located in the Dura Mater. From these sinuses, the venous blood flows into the Internal Jugular veins and thence to th ...
... Here, in these MRI images, we can see the veins that drain both the cerebral cortex and the deeper regions of the brain. These veins flow into a series of large thick venous sinuses located in the Dura Mater. From these sinuses, the venous blood flows into the Internal Jugular veins and thence to th ...
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... meet. The genome (the biological developmental program of the species) is tasknonspecific45 in the sense that the genome must enable the agent, through the process of epigenetic process of development, to perform an open-ended number of tasks that the sensors, effectors and the environment allow. Fo ...
... meet. The genome (the biological developmental program of the species) is tasknonspecific45 in the sense that the genome must enable the agent, through the process of epigenetic process of development, to perform an open-ended number of tasks that the sensors, effectors and the environment allow. Fo ...
Glial cell biology in Drosophila and vertebrates
... rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton appears to be a key feature of Drosophila glial migration [31], and the novel fear of intimacy gene in is essential to provide a stop signal for migration [32], but beyond these details surprisingly little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying dir ...
... rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton appears to be a key feature of Drosophila glial migration [31], and the novel fear of intimacy gene in is essential to provide a stop signal for migration [32], but beyond these details surprisingly little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying dir ...
Identification of the Neuropeptide Transmitter Proctolin in Drosophila
... fibers innervated by specializedpeptidergic motoneurons.With this method, Witten and O’Shea(1985) surveyed the legmuscles of the cockroach and identified musclebundles innervated by a specific peptidergic motoneuron. We reasonedthat if similar motoneuronal transmitter specializationsoccur in Drosoph ...
... fibers innervated by specializedpeptidergic motoneurons.With this method, Witten and O’Shea(1985) surveyed the legmuscles of the cockroach and identified musclebundles innervated by a specific peptidergic motoneuron. We reasonedthat if similar motoneuronal transmitter specializationsoccur in Drosoph ...
Saccade-Related Spread of Activity Across Superior Colliculus May
... The kernel used in these simulations was defined as the difference between an excitatory function (E) and an inhibitory function (I). For the function E, we considered a Gaussian function either on SC (an SC-symmetric kernel) or in the visual field (an SC-asymmetric kernel). For the function I, a Ga ...
... The kernel used in these simulations was defined as the difference between an excitatory function (E) and an inhibitory function (I). For the function E, we considered a Gaussian function either on SC (an SC-symmetric kernel) or in the visual field (an SC-asymmetric kernel). For the function I, a Ga ...
Amyloid inhibits retinoic acid synthesis exacerbating Alzheimer
... & Turner, 2002). Therefore, an ideal therapeutic agent would be one that prevents the ‘activation’ of microglia as well as stimulating the IDE and NEP pathways in both microglia and neurons. Although the aetiology of non-familial AD remains unclear, previous work has suggested that a deficit in retin ...
... & Turner, 2002). Therefore, an ideal therapeutic agent would be one that prevents the ‘activation’ of microglia as well as stimulating the IDE and NEP pathways in both microglia and neurons. Although the aetiology of non-familial AD remains unclear, previous work has suggested that a deficit in retin ...
Disc1Point Mutations in Mice Affect Development of the Cerebral
... effects suggest that our Disc1 mutations may not have strong effects on the timing Figure 3. Reduced BrdU incorporation and mispositioning of cortical neurons in Disc1 mutant mice. A, BrdU was injected into of neuronal differentiation. To observe the numbers and eventual E12, E15, and E18 pregnant f ...
... effects suggest that our Disc1 mutations may not have strong effects on the timing Figure 3. Reduced BrdU incorporation and mispositioning of cortical neurons in Disc1 mutant mice. A, BrdU was injected into of neuronal differentiation. To observe the numbers and eventual E12, E15, and E18 pregnant f ...
Hearing Physiology - Virtual Learning Environment
... that vibrates together with the tympanic membrane. This vibration is pass across the air from the malleus to the incus and then to the stapes (See 3 in Fig. 2). Therefore role of ear (auditory) ossicles in the hearing categorized as: 1. The ear ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) performs as a lever s ...
... that vibrates together with the tympanic membrane. This vibration is pass across the air from the malleus to the incus and then to the stapes (See 3 in Fig. 2). Therefore role of ear (auditory) ossicles in the hearing categorized as: 1. The ear ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) performs as a lever s ...
Saccade-Related Spread of Activity Across
... The kernel used in these simulations was defined as the difference between an excitatory function (E) and an inhibitory function (I). For the function E, we considered a Gaussian function either on SC (an SC-symmetric kernel) or in the visual field (an SC-asymmetric kernel). For the function I, a Ga ...
... The kernel used in these simulations was defined as the difference between an excitatory function (E) and an inhibitory function (I). For the function E, we considered a Gaussian function either on SC (an SC-symmetric kernel) or in the visual field (an SC-asymmetric kernel). For the function I, a Ga ...