Mirror Neurons: Findings and Functions
... indirectly neuronal activity in very specific areas. Of course, findings from fMRI and EEG should be interpreted with caution, since there is no direct evidence that the measured activity really stems from the exact same type of MNs as the ones identified in monkeys with single cell recordings. We c ...
... indirectly neuronal activity in very specific areas. Of course, findings from fMRI and EEG should be interpreted with caution, since there is no direct evidence that the measured activity really stems from the exact same type of MNs as the ones identified in monkeys with single cell recordings. We c ...
Neuronal Correlates of Sensorimotor Association in Stimulus
... readiness potential (i.e., a change in the evoked brain potential that develops over the motor cortex contralateral to the overt response), it was found that in trials in which the stimulus was flanked by incompatible noise, both responses were initially activated, with the incompatible response eve ...
... readiness potential (i.e., a change in the evoked brain potential that develops over the motor cortex contralateral to the overt response), it was found that in trials in which the stimulus was flanked by incompatible noise, both responses were initially activated, with the incompatible response eve ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
Saunders et al. (1976) - University of Colorado-MCDB
... embryos from local grafted ridge (cf. Rubin and Saunders, sources, initially (1964) in the vicinity of 1972). No leg-specific structures appeared Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and later (1973- in any supernumerary limbs, and histological studies of chick-quail recombinants 1974) in Albany, New York. Ectoder ...
... embryos from local grafted ridge (cf. Rubin and Saunders, sources, initially (1964) in the vicinity of 1972). No leg-specific structures appeared Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and later (1973- in any supernumerary limbs, and histological studies of chick-quail recombinants 1974) in Albany, New York. Ectoder ...
Chapter 2 - Biological Basis of Behavior
... Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall ...
... Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall ...
Stop-Signal Task - Gemstone Honors Program
... Research demonstrates that ADHD is linked to failure of the brain to control or inhibit behavior. The stop-signal task, a popular method used in neuroscience and psychology to measure impulsivity, has shown that those with ADHD tend to have slower inhibition response times (Eagle & Baunez, 2010). Po ...
... Research demonstrates that ADHD is linked to failure of the brain to control or inhibit behavior. The stop-signal task, a popular method used in neuroscience and psychology to measure impulsivity, has shown that those with ADHD tend to have slower inhibition response times (Eagle & Baunez, 2010). Po ...
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... ectopic vesicles in non-placodal ectoderm adjacent to the ear To investigate its potential role in placode development, we used electroporation to misexpress a Spalt4 construct that co-expressed GFP in portions of the cranial ectoderm that do not normally contribute to placodes. We always performed ...
... ectopic vesicles in non-placodal ectoderm adjacent to the ear To investigate its potential role in placode development, we used electroporation to misexpress a Spalt4 construct that co-expressed GFP in portions of the cranial ectoderm that do not normally contribute to placodes. We always performed ...
Rewardguided learning beyond dopamine in the nucleus
... exception, however, can be found in the case of habits (see below), which are more similar to Pavlovian responses in their relative insensitivity to changes in the instrumental contingency, but are also impervious to outcome devaluation because the outcome is not part of the representational structu ...
... exception, however, can be found in the case of habits (see below), which are more similar to Pavlovian responses in their relative insensitivity to changes in the instrumental contingency, but are also impervious to outcome devaluation because the outcome is not part of the representational structu ...
Synapses formed by normal and abnormal hippocampal mossy fibers
... 2006). Granule cells thus receive both cortical and hippocampal internal input in a clearly segregated manner. The thin unmyelinated axon of the granule cell (the mossy fiber) forms various types of presynaptic bouton that establish characteristic synaptic contacts with a variety of postsynaptic tar ...
... 2006). Granule cells thus receive both cortical and hippocampal internal input in a clearly segregated manner. The thin unmyelinated axon of the granule cell (the mossy fiber) forms various types of presynaptic bouton that establish characteristic synaptic contacts with a variety of postsynaptic tar ...
Probabilistic models for spike trains of single neurons
... neurons are efficient encoders of information. To this end we formulate a paradigm in which rate code neurons are thought to encode a predefined signal which we seek to decode in the best possible manner 4. We found that while the Poisson and the mIMI models have an SS of 1 (precise for Poisson but ...
... neurons are efficient encoders of information. To this end we formulate a paradigm in which rate code neurons are thought to encode a predefined signal which we seek to decode in the best possible manner 4. We found that while the Poisson and the mIMI models have an SS of 1 (precise for Poisson but ...
Naturally Occurring Fluctuation in Dendritic
... Coss and Perkel, 1985). These spines are very often, if not always, occupied by synapses and are sites of excitatory input to CA 1 pyramidal neurons (Westrum and Blackstad, 1962; Harris and Stevens, 1989). Thus, the changes we have observed strongly suggest that ovarian steroids regulate fluctuation ...
... Coss and Perkel, 1985). These spines are very often, if not always, occupied by synapses and are sites of excitatory input to CA 1 pyramidal neurons (Westrum and Blackstad, 1962; Harris and Stevens, 1989). Thus, the changes we have observed strongly suggest that ovarian steroids regulate fluctuation ...
Synaptic Plasticity and Connectivity Requirements to
... temporally separated stimuli in structured networks. However, our focus is on the general role of network connectivity [12] and synaptic plasticity rules described in vitro, necessary to solve multiple tasks requiring pair-associative learning. We study the well-known correlation-based mechanism for ...
... temporally separated stimuli in structured networks. However, our focus is on the general role of network connectivity [12] and synaptic plasticity rules described in vitro, necessary to solve multiple tasks requiring pair-associative learning. We study the well-known correlation-based mechanism for ...
Mutations affecting cell fates and cellular rearrangements during
... movements that bring prospective mesodermal and endodermal cells to underlie the future ectoderm. Concurrently, the movements of convergence and extension cause both narrowing and extension of the embryonic body (Keller and Danilchik, 1988; Keller and Tibbetts, 1989). Finally, a still poorly underst ...
... movements that bring prospective mesodermal and endodermal cells to underlie the future ectoderm. Concurrently, the movements of convergence and extension cause both narrowing and extension of the embryonic body (Keller and Danilchik, 1988; Keller and Tibbetts, 1989). Finally, a still poorly underst ...
Behavioral dopamine signals
... Corresponding author: Schultz, W. ([email protected]). Available online 2 April 2007. www.sciencedirect.com ...
... Corresponding author: Schultz, W. ([email protected]). Available online 2 April 2007. www.sciencedirect.com ...
Pioneers of cortical plasticity: six classic papers by Wiesel and Hubel
... 1937), experiments in which normal experience was prevented for short periods in early development did not invariably have long-term effects (Marler and Hamilton 1966). Hubel and Wiesel introduced into the electrophysiological literature an extension of an idea articulated first by Hebb in 1949. The ...
... 1937), experiments in which normal experience was prevented for short periods in early development did not invariably have long-term effects (Marler and Hamilton 1966). Hubel and Wiesel introduced into the electrophysiological literature an extension of an idea articulated first by Hebb in 1949. The ...
What We Know and Do Not Know about the Functions of the
... Figure 1. Neural responses in both rat and human OFC during reversal learning signal expectations of a subsequent reward outcome. A, Illustration of generic discrimination reversal task in which the subject is presented with two stimuli and on each trial gets to choose one. One of the stimuli, if ch ...
... Figure 1. Neural responses in both rat and human OFC during reversal learning signal expectations of a subsequent reward outcome. A, Illustration of generic discrimination reversal task in which the subject is presented with two stimuli and on each trial gets to choose one. One of the stimuli, if ch ...
new techniques for imaging, digitization and analysis of
... several neurodegenerative disorders (Buée et al., 1994; Bailey et al., 2004). Electron microscopy studies have revealed thickening and vacuolization of the vascular basement membrane, thinning of microvessels referred to as atrophic or string vessels (Bell and Ball, 1981), increased tortuosity (Fisc ...
... several neurodegenerative disorders (Buée et al., 1994; Bailey et al., 2004). Electron microscopy studies have revealed thickening and vacuolization of the vascular basement membrane, thinning of microvessels referred to as atrophic or string vessels (Bell and Ball, 1981), increased tortuosity (Fisc ...
SAD Kinases Sculpt Axonal Arbors of Sensory Neurons through
... protein levels. Second, short-duration NT-3/TrkC signals transiently activate SADs by inducing dephosphorylation of C-terminal domains, thereby allowing activating phosphorylation of the kinase domain. We propose that SAD kinases integrate long- and short-duration signals from extrinsic cues to scul ...
... protein levels. Second, short-duration NT-3/TrkC signals transiently activate SADs by inducing dephosphorylation of C-terminal domains, thereby allowing activating phosphorylation of the kinase domain. We propose that SAD kinases integrate long- and short-duration signals from extrinsic cues to scul ...
MUSHROOM BODY MEMOIR: FROM MAPS TO MODELS
... more extensively, and this might occur in the mushroom bodies. Imagine that each Kenyon cell is connected to three projection neurons and that every possible combination of three projection neurons has a Kenyon cell. Let us also assume that Kenyon cells are coincidence detectors that generate an act ...
... more extensively, and this might occur in the mushroom bodies. Imagine that each Kenyon cell is connected to three projection neurons and that every possible combination of three projection neurons has a Kenyon cell. Let us also assume that Kenyon cells are coincidence detectors that generate an act ...
Evolutionary developmental perspective for the origin of turtles: the
... constantly induced by the surrounding embryonic environment. In our experiments, the early CR was microcauterized so that the cells at the site of the wound were unable to respond to the inductive activities from the environment (Nagashima et al. 2007). Using this method, the rib growth did not chan ...
... constantly induced by the surrounding embryonic environment. In our experiments, the early CR was microcauterized so that the cells at the site of the wound were unable to respond to the inductive activities from the environment (Nagashima et al. 2007). Using this method, the rib growth did not chan ...
Brainstem Afferents of the Cholinoceptive Pontine Wave Generation
... the pons, lateral geniculate body, and occipital cortex. Since, in the cat, these potentials originate in the pons (P) and propagate to the lateral geniculate body (G) and occipital cortex (O), they are called ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Brooks and Bizzi, 1963; Jeannerod et al., 1965). The ...
... the pons, lateral geniculate body, and occipital cortex. Since, in the cat, these potentials originate in the pons (P) and propagate to the lateral geniculate body (G) and occipital cortex (O), they are called ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves (Brooks and Bizzi, 1963; Jeannerod et al., 1965). The ...