chapter 27 Reproduction
... 27.12 Organs start to form after gastrulation Organs develop from the three embryonic layers. – The stiff notochord forms the main axis of the body and is later replaced by the vertebral column in most chordates. – The neural tube develops above the notochord and will become the – brain and – spi ...
... 27.12 Organs start to form after gastrulation Organs develop from the three embryonic layers. – The stiff notochord forms the main axis of the body and is later replaced by the vertebral column in most chordates. – The neural tube develops above the notochord and will become the – brain and – spi ...
USF Hyperbaric Biomedical Research Laboratory
... equipment used to measure cellular function in real time via electrophysiology, polarography, fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy during experimental perturbations of barometric pressure and gas partial pressures. The mission of the USF-HBRL is to identify the molecular and cellular ...
... equipment used to measure cellular function in real time via electrophysiology, polarography, fluorescence microscopy and atomic force microscopy during experimental perturbations of barometric pressure and gas partial pressures. The mission of the USF-HBRL is to identify the molecular and cellular ...
Chapter 48
... • Nervous systems process information in three stages: sensory input, integration, and motor output ...
... • Nervous systems process information in three stages: sensory input, integration, and motor output ...
Specificity in Inhibitory Systems Associated with Prefrontal Pathways to
... 1998; Rao et al. 1999; Constantinidis et al. 2001; Krimer and Goldman-Rakic 2001; Constantinidis et al. 2002). However, excitatory neurons also act through pathways that leave the gray matter and travel in the white matter over short or long distances. The prefrontal cortex participates in an extens ...
... 1998; Rao et al. 1999; Constantinidis et al. 2001; Krimer and Goldman-Rakic 2001; Constantinidis et al. 2002). However, excitatory neurons also act through pathways that leave the gray matter and travel in the white matter over short or long distances. The prefrontal cortex participates in an extens ...
resting potential
... • Nervous systems process information in three stages: sensory input, integration, and motor output ...
... • Nervous systems process information in three stages: sensory input, integration, and motor output ...
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial
... architecture of V1, we assume that there is a similar pinwheel structure in layer 4C (McLaughlin et al. 2000; Tao et al. 2004). We built a pinwheel structure into the model by tying the preferred orientation angle of the LGN input to a given 4C neuron to the neuron’s location in the layer with respe ...
... architecture of V1, we assume that there is a similar pinwheel structure in layer 4C (McLaughlin et al. 2000; Tao et al. 2004). We built a pinwheel structure into the model by tying the preferred orientation angle of the LGN input to a given 4C neuron to the neuron’s location in the layer with respe ...
A forward genetic screen with a thalamocortical emx2
... Figure 1 The TCA-TLZ reporter line marks thalamocortical axons specifically and consistently during development. (A) The TCA-TLZ reporter expresses beta-galactosidase in dorsal thalamic neurons (dTh) starting from E13, and reveals the development of their axon trajectory (TCAs) to cortex (ctx). Cort ...
... Figure 1 The TCA-TLZ reporter line marks thalamocortical axons specifically and consistently during development. (A) The TCA-TLZ reporter expresses beta-galactosidase in dorsal thalamic neurons (dTh) starting from E13, and reveals the development of their axon trajectory (TCAs) to cortex (ctx). Cort ...
Cortical connections of the visuomotor parietooccipital
... anterior (AIP), ventral (VIP), and lateral (LIP) intraparietal areas; in the inferior parietal lobule (fields Opt and PG); and in the medial superior temporal area (MST). In the frontal lobe, the main projection originated from F2, although labeled cells were also found in F7 and area 46. Preliminary ...
... anterior (AIP), ventral (VIP), and lateral (LIP) intraparietal areas; in the inferior parietal lobule (fields Opt and PG); and in the medial superior temporal area (MST). In the frontal lobe, the main projection originated from F2, although labeled cells were also found in F7 and area 46. Preliminary ...
Characterisation of the zebrafish cerebellar efferent system
... largely unknown. In this study, the EC population of the zebrafish was identified and characterised using expression analysis in combination with retrograde axon tracing and in vivo time-lapse imaging. In addition, early development of ECs, their differentiation behaviour and their integration into ...
... largely unknown. In this study, the EC population of the zebrafish was identified and characterised using expression analysis in combination with retrograde axon tracing and in vivo time-lapse imaging. In addition, early development of ECs, their differentiation behaviour and their integration into ...
cerebral cortex, sensations and movements
... section view of the left side of the left hemisphere). Anterior paracentral gyrus (primary somatomotor cortex) - lower extremity area consists of thigh and calf areas (including the area of the knee joint); foot area includes the area of the ankle joint. Posterior paracentral gyrus (primary somatose ...
... section view of the left side of the left hemisphere). Anterior paracentral gyrus (primary somatomotor cortex) - lower extremity area consists of thigh and calf areas (including the area of the knee joint); foot area includes the area of the ankle joint. Posterior paracentral gyrus (primary somatose ...
AMPA Receptor Calcium Permeability, GluR2
... amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Motoneurons have been shown in various models to be more susceptible to AMPA receptormediated injury than other spinal neurons. It has been hypothesized that this selective vulnerability of motoneurons is caused by the expression of highly Ca 21-permeable AMPA receptor ...
... amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Motoneurons have been shown in various models to be more susceptible to AMPA receptormediated injury than other spinal neurons. It has been hypothesized that this selective vulnerability of motoneurons is caused by the expression of highly Ca 21-permeable AMPA receptor ...
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION I Tim Murphy NRSC 500, 2011
... excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). • The amplitude of evoked responses (due to calcium influx) is always an integer multiple of the unitary response. • Shown that calcium increases the probability of observing a unitary response and not its amplitude. • These data suggested the existence of ...
... excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs). • The amplitude of evoked responses (due to calcium influx) is always an integer multiple of the unitary response. • Shown that calcium increases the probability of observing a unitary response and not its amplitude. • These data suggested the existence of ...
Quantity and Three-Dimensional Position of the Recurrent and
... Germany), the RLN was identified in the tracheoesophageal groove and isolated from its surrounding structures. The SLN was identified as it coursed horizontally to the cricothyroid muscle. Depending on the experimental condition, the RLN, the SLN, or both the RLN and SLN were sharply transected. The ...
... Germany), the RLN was identified in the tracheoesophageal groove and isolated from its surrounding structures. The SLN was identified as it coursed horizontally to the cricothyroid muscle. Depending on the experimental condition, the RLN, the SLN, or both the RLN and SLN were sharply transected. The ...
Distribution, classification, and development of Drosophila glial cells
... flies carrying the UAS-kinesin-lacZ construct (courtesy of Ed Giniger; see also Giniger et al. 1993 for the kinesin-lacZ gene construct). The UAS-IacZ construct labelled nuclei and the surrounding cytoplasm; sometimes large protrusions as well as axons were also labelled. The UAS-kinesin-lacZ constr ...
... flies carrying the UAS-kinesin-lacZ construct (courtesy of Ed Giniger; see also Giniger et al. 1993 for the kinesin-lacZ gene construct). The UAS-IacZ construct labelled nuclei and the surrounding cytoplasm; sometimes large protrusions as well as axons were also labelled. The UAS-kinesin-lacZ constr ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
... Data analysis. Data analysis was performed with custom routines written in Matlab. Electrophysiology data were low pass filtered offline (1 kHz) and synaptic events were detected using a threshold (within 23 ms of the stimulus with a threshold of ⬎6⫻ SD from baseline). Mean EPSC for sCRACM was compu ...
What Is the Nervous System?
... Central Nervous System • The nervous system consists of two major divisions—the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. • *The central nervous system is the control center of the body. It includes the brain and spinal cord. • *The peripheral nervous system includes all the other pa ...
... Central Nervous System • The nervous system consists of two major divisions—the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. • *The central nervous system is the control center of the body. It includes the brain and spinal cord. • *The peripheral nervous system includes all the other pa ...
striatum
... Ventral striatum Ventral pallidum / subst. Nigra Thalamus (mediodorsal nc.) – Prefrontal cortex Circuit might be crucial for the learning and executionof reward – related behavior ...
... Ventral striatum Ventral pallidum / subst. Nigra Thalamus (mediodorsal nc.) – Prefrontal cortex Circuit might be crucial for the learning and executionof reward – related behavior ...
computational and in vitro studies of persistent activity
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
... ical constraints. Within the attractor framework, a memorycapable system (for instance, a prefrontal neuron, or circuit) is essentially a multistable system: one system that can remain stably in a collection of possible states (for instance firing at 5 Hz, or firing at 25 Hz). These stable states ar ...
Representing Spatial Relationships in Posterior
... memory (Chafee et al. 2005). This neural signal suggested that parietal neurons were involved in a comparative operation by which differences between copies and models were assessed in order to direct subsequent construction. Support for this was provided by the observation that the neural signal pr ...
... memory (Chafee et al. 2005). This neural signal suggested that parietal neurons were involved in a comparative operation by which differences between copies and models were assessed in order to direct subsequent construction. Support for this was provided by the observation that the neural signal pr ...
