a.Nerve Regeneration
... • If damage to a neuron occurs to the axon and the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to ...
... • If damage to a neuron occurs to the axon and the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to ...
Amygdala-Prefrontal Synchronization Underlies Resistance to
... parts of these two structures. In addition, there was no effect of reinforcement schedule on neural responses to the US (Figures S2D and S2E, p > 0.1, two-way ANOVA). We then inspected the temporal relationship between neuronal and behavioral responses. To do so, we computed trial-by-trial cross-cor ...
... parts of these two structures. In addition, there was no effect of reinforcement schedule on neural responses to the US (Figures S2D and S2E, p > 0.1, two-way ANOVA). We then inspected the temporal relationship between neuronal and behavioral responses. To do so, we computed trial-by-trial cross-cor ...
Establishment of embryonic axes in larvae of the starfish, Asterina
... Few experimental analyses have been made, however, of the establishment of the secondary axis, that is, the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Difficulty in analysing the properties of the DV axis is due partly to lack of a proper natural marker, but mostly to the highly 'regulative' properties of echinoderm e ...
... Few experimental analyses have been made, however, of the establishment of the secondary axis, that is, the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Difficulty in analysing the properties of the DV axis is due partly to lack of a proper natural marker, but mostly to the highly 'regulative' properties of echinoderm e ...
Cellular Mechanisms of Pattern Formation in the Developing Limb
... I. Introduction Development of spatial pattern and form is an important, yet poorly understood phenomenon in embryology. Although genes ultimately control pattern formation, the study of the genetic aspects alone will not elucidate the mechanisms by which the developmental pathways of individual cel ...
... I. Introduction Development of spatial pattern and form is an important, yet poorly understood phenomenon in embryology. Although genes ultimately control pattern formation, the study of the genetic aspects alone will not elucidate the mechanisms by which the developmental pathways of individual cel ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Cortical Auditory Adaptation
... Instrument card and breakout box (FS 300 kHz). Sound triggers had microsecond precision. A WAV-file containing white noise was generated. We first observed the effect of the interstimulus interval on subsequent responses. The sound stimuli had a duration of 50 ms and an intensity of 80--90 dB, being i ...
... Instrument card and breakout box (FS 300 kHz). Sound triggers had microsecond precision. A WAV-file containing white noise was generated. We first observed the effect of the interstimulus interval on subsequent responses. The sound stimuli had a duration of 50 ms and an intensity of 80--90 dB, being i ...
Epileptiform Activity Can Be Initiated in Various Neocortical Layers
... true of neocortical slices from randomly chosen regions including frontal, temporal, and occipital areas. This result indicates that initiation sites for generating epileptiform activity can be formed spontaneously regardless of the region of cortex. The initiation site in each stained cortical slic ...
... true of neocortical slices from randomly chosen regions including frontal, temporal, and occipital areas. This result indicates that initiation sites for generating epileptiform activity can be formed spontaneously regardless of the region of cortex. The initiation site in each stained cortical slic ...
Topographic Organization of Sensory Projection to the Olfactory Bulb
... The detection of odorant receptor mRNAs within the axon terminals of sensory neurons has permitted us to ask whether neurons expressing a given receptor reject their axons to common glomeruli within the olfactory bulb. In situ hybridization with five different receptor probes demonstrates that axons ...
... The detection of odorant receptor mRNAs within the axon terminals of sensory neurons has permitted us to ask whether neurons expressing a given receptor reject their axons to common glomeruli within the olfactory bulb. In situ hybridization with five different receptor probes demonstrates that axons ...
Chapter 15: Special Senses
... • All other descending motor pathways • Complex polysynaptic circuits – include basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, reticular formation ...
... • All other descending motor pathways • Complex polysynaptic circuits – include basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum, reticular formation ...
Neuroanatomy Final Review Notes by Russ Beach
... 2. Internal Capsule: where optic radiations come from, and other fibers ascend and descend 3. Telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres) -Cerebral cortex, medullary center, subcortical gray nuclei (caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, amygdala, claustrum), and lateral ventricles. -The Telencephalon, ...
... 2. Internal Capsule: where optic radiations come from, and other fibers ascend and descend 3. Telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres) -Cerebral cortex, medullary center, subcortical gray nuclei (caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, amygdala, claustrum), and lateral ventricles. -The Telencephalon, ...
Three-dimensional auditory localization in the
... transmit brief, intense, ultrasound signals and process information contained in the returning echoes to determine the position, size and shape of reflecting objects [7,8]. The acoustic features of sonar signals used to ensonify the surroundings, including the call repetition rate, spectrotemporal p ...
... transmit brief, intense, ultrasound signals and process information contained in the returning echoes to determine the position, size and shape of reflecting objects [7,8]. The acoustic features of sonar signals used to ensonify the surroundings, including the call repetition rate, spectrotemporal p ...
THE REGULATION OF SLEEP AND WAKEFULNESS BY THE
... TMN are important for the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Noradrenergic neurons of the LC28), serotonergic neurons of the DR29,30), and histaminergic neurons of the TMN31,32) are activated by orexins, and OX1R and/or OX2R are expressed in these regions. These findings suggest that the activity ...
... TMN are important for the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Noradrenergic neurons of the LC28), serotonergic neurons of the DR29,30), and histaminergic neurons of the TMN31,32) are activated by orexins, and OX1R and/or OX2R are expressed in these regions. These findings suggest that the activity ...
Document
... Hynagogic hallucination: • A symptom of narcolepsy; vivid dreams that occur just before a person falls asleep; accompanied by sleep paralysis. ...
... Hynagogic hallucination: • A symptom of narcolepsy; vivid dreams that occur just before a person falls asleep; accompanied by sleep paralysis. ...
Locus coeruleus - Rice CAAM Department
... The genetic defect of the transcriptional regulator MECP2 is responsible for Rett syndrome[8] . A MeCP2 deficiency has been associated to catecholaminergic dysfunctions related to autonomic and sympathoadrenergic system in mouse models of RTT. The Locus Coeruleus is the major source of noradrenergic ...
... The genetic defect of the transcriptional regulator MECP2 is responsible for Rett syndrome[8] . A MeCP2 deficiency has been associated to catecholaminergic dysfunctions related to autonomic and sympathoadrenergic system in mouse models of RTT. The Locus Coeruleus is the major source of noradrenergic ...
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
Ensemble Patterns of Hippocampal CA3
... neurons with ripples recorded from two CA1 sites. Although the CA1 recording sites had similar amplitude ripples (Figure 4A), only one of the sites showed a correlated discharge with one of the CA3 neurons (Figure 4B). For quantifying the differential involvement of single neuron discharges in CA1 r ...
... neurons with ripples recorded from two CA1 sites. Although the CA1 recording sites had similar amplitude ripples (Figure 4A), only one of the sites showed a correlated discharge with one of the CA3 neurons (Figure 4B). For quantifying the differential involvement of single neuron discharges in CA1 r ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... SNS operates under our conscious control, as exemplified by voluntary activities such as getting out of a chair, picking up a ball, walking outside, and throwing the ball for the dog to chase. (We have already seen that some SNS activities, such as swinging the arms while walking, occur at the subco ...
... SNS operates under our conscious control, as exemplified by voluntary activities such as getting out of a chair, picking up a ball, walking outside, and throwing the ball for the dog to chase. (We have already seen that some SNS activities, such as swinging the arms while walking, occur at the subco ...
N.L. Strominger et al. Cerebellum, in Noback`s Human
... cell types (granule, Golgi, stellate, basket, Purkinje). A sixth type, called a “unipolar brush cell,” was first identified in 1976 by Altman and Bayer and has been extensively studied in recent years. The estimated 50 billion (5 × 1011) granule cells are more numerous than all the neurons in ...
... cell types (granule, Golgi, stellate, basket, Purkinje). A sixth type, called a “unipolar brush cell,” was first identified in 1976 by Altman and Bayer and has been extensively studied in recent years. The estimated 50 billion (5 × 1011) granule cells are more numerous than all the neurons in ...
yeasting 11-16
... rise to CT in the head and neck region, some of this is carried down into thorax to give rise to portions of the heart **Ectoderm and endoderm tell mesoderm that they will protect and sustain (nourish) it if it supports (physiologically and physically) them Mesoderm- skeletal and muscular system (ph ...
... rise to CT in the head and neck region, some of this is carried down into thorax to give rise to portions of the heart **Ectoderm and endoderm tell mesoderm that they will protect and sustain (nourish) it if it supports (physiologically and physically) them Mesoderm- skeletal and muscular system (ph ...
Effects of activity-dependent strategies on regeneration and
... to improve functional recovery after neural injuries have to address the enhancement of axonal regeneration and target reinnervation and also the modulation of the abnormal plasticity of neuronal circuits. By enhancing sensory inputs and/or motor outputs, activity-dependent therapies, like electrost ...
... to improve functional recovery after neural injuries have to address the enhancement of axonal regeneration and target reinnervation and also the modulation of the abnormal plasticity of neuronal circuits. By enhancing sensory inputs and/or motor outputs, activity-dependent therapies, like electrost ...
View PDF - Laboratory of Brain, Hearing and Behavior
... Their survival depends on the ability to correctly identify and process the most important information at every instant in time. The neural computations thought to achieve this goal center around three major steps: the evaluation of relative stimulus importance (‘priority’), the selection of the loc ...
... Their survival depends on the ability to correctly identify and process the most important information at every instant in time. The neural computations thought to achieve this goal center around three major steps: the evaluation of relative stimulus importance (‘priority’), the selection of the loc ...
- UTas ePrints
... changed. Except for short intervals, when the eggs were being examined under the binocular microscope, they were kept in the dark. Some eggs were left to develop under natural conditions in the mountain stream, so that their time of development might be compared with that of eggs kept under laborato ...
... changed. Except for short intervals, when the eggs were being examined under the binocular microscope, they were kept in the dark. Some eggs were left to develop under natural conditions in the mountain stream, so that their time of development might be compared with that of eggs kept under laborato ...
Multiple hypothalamic circuits sense and regulate glucose levels
... responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related response, because during examination of a large number of neurons in ...
... responses to extracellular glucose, revealing a strategy for how the brain can directly monitor body energy status (3, 69, 70). Glucose sensing in these glucose-excited and glucose-inhibited neurons was not a general energy-related response, because during examination of a large number of neurons in ...
Apparent Atypical Callosal Dysgenesis
... development of the cerebrum, in that they induce mitotic activity in the germinal matrix and the subsequent migration of these young neurons to form the cortical plate (Fig. 8). He has shown that essentially no developmental activity occurs in a region until the in-growth of these corticopetal fiber ...
... development of the cerebrum, in that they induce mitotic activity in the germinal matrix and the subsequent migration of these young neurons to form the cortical plate (Fig. 8). He has shown that essentially no developmental activity occurs in a region until the in-growth of these corticopetal fiber ...