A Developmental Perspective: Changes in the Position of the
... makes contact with its germinative epithelium, suggesting that the conditions for establishing axial embryonic polarity in these embryos are set up maternally. In virtually all investigated bilaterian embryos, fate mapping experiments have shown that subsequent development is organized along this pr ...
... makes contact with its germinative epithelium, suggesting that the conditions for establishing axial embryonic polarity in these embryos are set up maternally. In virtually all investigated bilaterian embryos, fate mapping experiments have shown that subsequent development is organized along this pr ...
Visual Processing in the Primate Brain
... on color, shape and size information. A general principle appears to be the evolution of specialized systems to ...
... on color, shape and size information. A general principle appears to be the evolution of specialized systems to ...
Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour
... active structural and functional remodelling after stroke and sow the seeds for recovery. location is everything in cortical physiology: much like the demand for a vacant lot in manhattan, if a single digit is removed in an adult animal (a form of deafferentation) the cortical territory devoted to t ...
... active structural and functional remodelling after stroke and sow the seeds for recovery. location is everything in cortical physiology: much like the demand for a vacant lot in manhattan, if a single digit is removed in an adult animal (a form of deafferentation) the cortical territory devoted to t ...
Whisker movements evoked by stimulation of single pyramidal cells
... Neuronal activity in the motor cortex is understood to be correlated with movements, but the impact of action potentials (APs) in single cortical neurons on the generation of movement has not been fully determined. Here we show that trains of APs in single pyramidal cells of rat motor cortex can evo ...
... Neuronal activity in the motor cortex is understood to be correlated with movements, but the impact of action potentials (APs) in single cortical neurons on the generation of movement has not been fully determined. Here we show that trains of APs in single pyramidal cells of rat motor cortex can evo ...
Mapping the Brain
... immediate classification of neurons into large classes: sensory neurons (with distinctive sensory dendrites and cilia), motor neurons (with neuromuscular junctions) and interneurons (a term that is used in C. elegans to describe any neuron that is not evidently sensory or motor, encompassing project ...
... immediate classification of neurons into large classes: sensory neurons (with distinctive sensory dendrites and cilia), motor neurons (with neuromuscular junctions) and interneurons (a term that is used in C. elegans to describe any neuron that is not evidently sensory or motor, encompassing project ...
interactions between number and space in parietal cortex
... synaesthesia for numbers, using rigorous psychophysical and neuroimaging protocols, might further illuminate our understanding of the connections between numbers and space31,32. In summary, various protocols indicate that numbers automatically elicit task-, modality- and effectorindependent spatial ...
... synaesthesia for numbers, using rigorous psychophysical and neuroimaging protocols, might further illuminate our understanding of the connections between numbers and space31,32. In summary, various protocols indicate that numbers automatically elicit task-, modality- and effectorindependent spatial ...
Spatial and temporal frequency selectivity of neurons in
... components (Campbell & Robson, 1968; Glezer et al., 1973; Maffei & Fiorentini, 1973). While at one stage this may have been seen as incompatible with feature-based representations (Hubel & Wiesel, 1962, 1968), physiological and psychophysical studies have since indicated that different Fourier chann ...
... components (Campbell & Robson, 1968; Glezer et al., 1973; Maffei & Fiorentini, 1973). While at one stage this may have been seen as incompatible with feature-based representations (Hubel & Wiesel, 1962, 1968), physiological and psychophysical studies have since indicated that different Fourier chann ...
Chapter 2 - Monsignor Farrell High School
... Communication Between Neurons LO 2.2 How Neurons Use Neurotransmitters to Communicate ...
... Communication Between Neurons LO 2.2 How Neurons Use Neurotransmitters to Communicate ...
What are Common Birth Defects in Humans, and How are They
... The sensory and autonomic components of the peripheral nervous system derive from two progenitor cell populations. The first is called neural crest because it originates at the margin of the neuroectoderm. Neural crest cells leave the margins of the folding neuroectoderm around the time the neural t ...
... The sensory and autonomic components of the peripheral nervous system derive from two progenitor cell populations. The first is called neural crest because it originates at the margin of the neuroectoderm. Neural crest cells leave the margins of the folding neuroectoderm around the time the neural t ...
Rostral Fastigial Nucleus Activity in the Alert Monkey During Three
... predominantly from Purkinje cells of the vermis. FN in the monkey can be divided in a rostral part, related to spinal mechanisms, and a caudal part with oculomotor functions. To understand the role of FN during movements in space, single-unit activity in alert monkeys was recorded during passive thr ...
... predominantly from Purkinje cells of the vermis. FN in the monkey can be divided in a rostral part, related to spinal mechanisms, and a caudal part with oculomotor functions. To understand the role of FN during movements in space, single-unit activity in alert monkeys was recorded during passive thr ...
Mechanisms of Magnetic Stimulation of Central Nervous System
... mechanism of stimulation using the activating function (eqn. 4). The magnitude of the membrane potential change is determined by the size of the gradient of the induced electric field and the passive space constant in the axon fiber (l). Thus, for an axon fiber with spatially homogenous passive para ...
... mechanism of stimulation using the activating function (eqn. 4). The magnitude of the membrane potential change is determined by the size of the gradient of the induced electric field and the passive space constant in the axon fiber (l). Thus, for an axon fiber with spatially homogenous passive para ...
Is Embryonic Limulus Heart Really Myogenic? Experimental
... concomitant with lumen formation in the rear heart segments. All lumen-containing heart sections that we have examined, from the earliest on, have revealed neural elements in a bundle at the dorsal midline of the heart. Axons 1/i.m or less in diameter are prevalent: vesicle-filled terminal-like area ...
... concomitant with lumen formation in the rear heart segments. All lumen-containing heart sections that we have examined, from the earliest on, have revealed neural elements in a bundle at the dorsal midline of the heart. Axons 1/i.m or less in diameter are prevalent: vesicle-filled terminal-like area ...
Non-reward neural mechanisms in the orbitofrontal cortex
... positive reward prediction error (when a reward outcome is larger than expected) (Schultz, 2013), do not provide the answer to how non-reward is computed for a number of reasons (Rolls, 2014). First, they may reflect only weakly any nonreward, by having somewhat reduced firing rates below their alre ...
... positive reward prediction error (when a reward outcome is larger than expected) (Schultz, 2013), do not provide the answer to how non-reward is computed for a number of reasons (Rolls, 2014). First, they may reflect only weakly any nonreward, by having somewhat reduced firing rates below their alre ...
Human Embryonic Development
... Gastrulation Gastrulation involves a series of cell migrations to positions where they will form the three primary cell layers. •Ectoderm forms the outer layer. Ectoderm forms skin, hair, sweat glands, epithelium, brain and nervous system. •Endoderm forms the inner layer. The endoderm forms digestiv ...
... Gastrulation Gastrulation involves a series of cell migrations to positions where they will form the three primary cell layers. •Ectoderm forms the outer layer. Ectoderm forms skin, hair, sweat glands, epithelium, brain and nervous system. •Endoderm forms the inner layer. The endoderm forms digestiv ...
The Thalamus
... transmitters used by thalamic cells and the interactions of these transmitters with a wide range of receptor types and subtypes which not only govern the responses of thalamic cells to external and internally generated stimuli but also modulate their activities during changes in conscious state. In ...
... transmitters used by thalamic cells and the interactions of these transmitters with a wide range of receptor types and subtypes which not only govern the responses of thalamic cells to external and internally generated stimuli but also modulate their activities during changes in conscious state. In ...
Embryonic Development Powerpoint
... Gastrulation Gastrulation involves a series of cell migrations to positions where they will form the three primary cell layers. •Ectoderm forms the outer layer. Ectoderm forms skin, hair, sweat glands, epithelium, brain and nervous system. •Endoderm forms the inner layer. The endoderm forms digestiv ...
... Gastrulation Gastrulation involves a series of cell migrations to positions where they will form the three primary cell layers. •Ectoderm forms the outer layer. Ectoderm forms skin, hair, sweat glands, epithelium, brain and nervous system. •Endoderm forms the inner layer. The endoderm forms digestiv ...
The Living World - Chapter 28 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
... Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
HTM Cortical Learning Algorithms
... statistics of the input and the amount of resources allocated. If you allocate more memory to a level, that level will form representations that are larger and more complex, which in turn means fewer hierarchical levels may be necessary. If you allocate less memory, a level will form representations ...
... statistics of the input and the amount of resources allocated. If you allocate more memory to a level, that level will form representations that are larger and more complex, which in turn means fewer hierarchical levels may be necessary. If you allocate less memory, a level will form representations ...
敌獳湯⌠ⴷ8
... highly convoluted cerebellar cortex and in the four deep cerebellar nuclei on either side. Cerebellar Cortex The cerebellar cortex is composed of three layers (Fig. 5.3). Proceeding from the outermost inward, these layers are: Molecular layer (stratum moleculare). This layer consists mainly of cell ...
... highly convoluted cerebellar cortex and in the four deep cerebellar nuclei on either side. Cerebellar Cortex The cerebellar cortex is composed of three layers (Fig. 5.3). Proceeding from the outermost inward, these layers are: Molecular layer (stratum moleculare). This layer consists mainly of cell ...
The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons 15
... best illustrated by a person who is relaxing after dinner and reading the newspaper. Heart rate and respiratory rates are at lownormal levels, and the gastrointestinal tract is digesting food. The pupils are constricted as the eyes focus for close vision. As you explore the sympathetic and parasympa ...
... best illustrated by a person who is relaxing after dinner and reading the newspaper. Heart rate and respiratory rates are at lownormal levels, and the gastrointestinal tract is digesting food. The pupils are constricted as the eyes focus for close vision. As you explore the sympathetic and parasympa ...
292(1):94-106
... The mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain achieves its threedimensional structure are clearly complex, requiring the functions of many genes. Using the zebrafish as a model, we have begun to define genes required for brain morphogenesis, including brain ventricle formation, by studying 16 mutants ...
... The mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain achieves its threedimensional structure are clearly complex, requiring the functions of many genes. Using the zebrafish as a model, we have begun to define genes required for brain morphogenesis, including brain ventricle formation, by studying 16 mutants ...
The ventral striatum - Brain imaging of Parkinson`s disease
... these concepts and expanding the range of domains of reward and motivation processed by ventral striatum from variables such as food [5] and sex [6,7] to financial [8] and social [9] domains. However, while results such as these may provide additional insight into the types of variables treated by t ...
... these concepts and expanding the range of domains of reward and motivation processed by ventral striatum from variables such as food [5] and sex [6,7] to financial [8] and social [9] domains. However, while results such as these may provide additional insight into the types of variables treated by t ...