neuronal coding of prediction errors
... outcomes (reward, punishment, behavioral reactions, external stimuli, internal states). Outcomes whose magnitude or frequency is different than predicted modify behavior in a direction that reduces the discrepancy between the outcome and its prediction. Changes in predictions and behavior continue u ...
... outcomes (reward, punishment, behavioral reactions, external stimuli, internal states). Outcomes whose magnitude or frequency is different than predicted modify behavior in a direction that reduces the discrepancy between the outcome and its prediction. Changes in predictions and behavior continue u ...
Lesson #7-8
... highly convoluted cerebellar cortex and in the four deep cerebellar nuclei on either side. Cerebellar Cortex The cerebellar cortex is composed of three layers (Fig. 5.3). Proceeding from the outermost inward, these layers are: Molecular layer (stratum moleculare). This layer consists mainly of cell ...
... highly convoluted cerebellar cortex and in the four deep cerebellar nuclei on either side. Cerebellar Cortex The cerebellar cortex is composed of three layers (Fig. 5.3). Proceeding from the outermost inward, these layers are: Molecular layer (stratum moleculare). This layer consists mainly of cell ...
Measurement of variability dynamics in cortical spike trains
... is the survivor function, and μ is the mean interval given by first moment of f (x). All other intervals X1 , X2 , . . . have p.d.f. f (x). If these criterions are met we speak of an equilibrium renewal process. In special cases, however, the start of observation in each trial might coincide with a ...
... is the survivor function, and μ is the mean interval given by first moment of f (x). All other intervals X1 , X2 , . . . have p.d.f. f (x). If these criterions are met we speak of an equilibrium renewal process. In special cases, however, the start of observation in each trial might coincide with a ...
The role of neuronal synchronization in selective attention
... neuronal synchronization depends on tasks in which there is identical sensory stimulation across conditions but covert attention is directed to different aspects of this sensory input. Based on such tasks, visual cortical neurons that have receptive fields overlapping with an attended stimulus synch ...
... neuronal synchronization depends on tasks in which there is identical sensory stimulation across conditions but covert attention is directed to different aspects of this sensory input. Based on such tasks, visual cortical neurons that have receptive fields overlapping with an attended stimulus synch ...
In Vitro Experiments on the Effects of Mouse Sarcomas 180
... casionally they grow tangentially or in circular paths around the ganglion (8). In accordance with the observations of Levi and Meyer (8), we find that nerve cells do not migrate out of the ganglion, but that the spreading of its surface and the de crease of its density come about by a migration of ...
... casionally they grow tangentially or in circular paths around the ganglion (8). In accordance with the observations of Levi and Meyer (8), we find that nerve cells do not migrate out of the ganglion, but that the spreading of its surface and the de crease of its density come about by a migration of ...
Projections from the superior temporal sulcus to the agranular frontal
... Several electrophysiological studies have shown that neurons in area STP have complex sensory properties. Firstly, although STP neurons are predominantly purely visual, a signi®cant proportion of them have also somatosensory and/or auditory responses (Bruce et al., 1981; Bayliss et al., 1987). Secon ...
... Several electrophysiological studies have shown that neurons in area STP have complex sensory properties. Firstly, although STP neurons are predominantly purely visual, a signi®cant proportion of them have also somatosensory and/or auditory responses (Bruce et al., 1981; Bayliss et al., 1987). Secon ...
Visual Response Properties in the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate
... dLGN are most interesting in that they are no worse than normal; any visual processing deficits found in studies of the 2⫺/⫺ visual cortex must therefore arise solely from abnormalities in cortical processing. Key words: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; dLGN; mouse; physiology; development; thalam ...
... dLGN are most interesting in that they are no worse than normal; any visual processing deficits found in studies of the 2⫺/⫺ visual cortex must therefore arise solely from abnormalities in cortical processing. Key words: nicotinic acetylcholine receptor; dLGN; mouse; physiology; development; thalam ...
The role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in Alzheimer`s disease
... their specific localization may affect intracellular signaling in each neuron and eventually determine not only the fate of those cells but the function of the central nervous system in specific pathological and physiological conditions. Selective degeneration of populations of vulnerable neurons in ...
... their specific localization may affect intracellular signaling in each neuron and eventually determine not only the fate of those cells but the function of the central nervous system in specific pathological and physiological conditions. Selective degeneration of populations of vulnerable neurons in ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... Emotion is one of the most studied subjects in many disciplines of science including psychology, physiology, philosophy, anthropology, etc., and recently in robotics. Yet, it is one of the most controversial subjects because of the differences in definition, in perception, and in perspectives, among ...
... Emotion is one of the most studied subjects in many disciplines of science including psychology, physiology, philosophy, anthropology, etc., and recently in robotics. Yet, it is one of the most controversial subjects because of the differences in definition, in perception, and in perspectives, among ...
Short English summery Thesis OuTline
... lesions. It has been suggested that in MS lesions foamy macrophages have a AA phenotype, since they expressed little pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS. In vitro, myelin ingestion was found to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response. We hypothesized that activation of liver X receptor (LXR) b ...
... lesions. It has been suggested that in MS lesions foamy macrophages have a AA phenotype, since they expressed little pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS. In vitro, myelin ingestion was found to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response. We hypothesized that activation of liver X receptor (LXR) b ...
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE CHAINS
... of the different axons. The number and complexity of central pathways ar‘e best described by saying that, with but few exceptions, at least one pathway can be found connecting any two central neurons in a .manner so that an impulse may be conducted from one to the other neuron in the direction of ax ...
... of the different axons. The number and complexity of central pathways ar‘e best described by saying that, with but few exceptions, at least one pathway can be found connecting any two central neurons in a .manner so that an impulse may be conducted from one to the other neuron in the direction of ax ...
Full text
... positively correlated with GnRH and LH release in the follicular but not in the luteal phase of the cycle. Moreover, it was demonstrated that NPY did not modulate the frequency or amplitude of LH pulses at the level of GnRH cell bodies, so their action on the pulsatile LH secretion could be attribut ...
... positively correlated with GnRH and LH release in the follicular but not in the luteal phase of the cycle. Moreover, it was demonstrated that NPY did not modulate the frequency or amplitude of LH pulses at the level of GnRH cell bodies, so their action on the pulsatile LH secretion could be attribut ...
Serotonin 1B Receptor Modulates Frequency Response Curves and
... custom software package Batlab (Dr. Donald Gans, Kent State University). Stimuli were regulated in intensity through a PA5 attenuator and were filtered through an FT-6 antialias filter (TDT; Alachua, FL). Stimuli were played through either an earphone biased with 200 V DC (Schuller 1997), positioned ...
... custom software package Batlab (Dr. Donald Gans, Kent State University). Stimuli were regulated in intensity through a PA5 attenuator and were filtered through an FT-6 antialias filter (TDT; Alachua, FL). Stimuli were played through either an earphone biased with 200 V DC (Schuller 1997), positioned ...
RNA Interference Against BACE1 Suppresses BACE1 and Aβ
... Notch signaling when γ-secretase activity is inhibited.1 In order to inhibit BACE1 activity, a highly specific and potent method called RNA interference (RNAi) was used. RNAi is the silencing of gene expression by double-stranded RNA molecules. It is hypothesized that 1) siRNA constructs can effecti ...
... Notch signaling when γ-secretase activity is inhibited.1 In order to inhibit BACE1 activity, a highly specific and potent method called RNA interference (RNAi) was used. RNAi is the silencing of gene expression by double-stranded RNA molecules. It is hypothesized that 1) siRNA constructs can effecti ...
Visuomotor Functions in the Frontal Lobe
... Connectivity of frontal areas. (a) Hierarchical feedforward (FF) (red arrows) and feedback (FB) (blue arrows) cortical connectivity. Premotor and prefrontal areas form a highly connected core that receives predominantly feedforward inputs from extrastriate visual areas; these inputs are reciprocated ...
... Connectivity of frontal areas. (a) Hierarchical feedforward (FF) (red arrows) and feedback (FB) (blue arrows) cortical connectivity. Premotor and prefrontal areas form a highly connected core that receives predominantly feedforward inputs from extrastriate visual areas; these inputs are reciprocated ...
Fine-scale specificity of cortical networks depends on inhibitory cell
... the same type, however, tend to receive local input from the same cortical layers. Most recently, it has been found that even neighboring neurons of the same anatomical type can, nevertheless, receive input from different sources22,23. This ‘fine-scale’ specificity has been demonstrated using method ...
... the same type, however, tend to receive local input from the same cortical layers. Most recently, it has been found that even neighboring neurons of the same anatomical type can, nevertheless, receive input from different sources22,23. This ‘fine-scale’ specificity has been demonstrated using method ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... the severity of cognitive symptoms and mouse models of tauopathy are behaviorally impaired. However, there is little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain ...
... the severity of cognitive symptoms and mouse models of tauopathy are behaviorally impaired. However, there is little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain ...
Principles of Neural Science
... possess only one type of receptor for electromagnetic energy: the photoreceptors in the retina. The mechanisms for transducing stimulus energy into the receptor potential vary with the types of physical stimuli. Mechanoreceptors sense physical deformation of the tissue in which they reside. Mechanic ...
... possess only one type of receptor for electromagnetic energy: the photoreceptors in the retina. The mechanisms for transducing stimulus energy into the receptor potential vary with the types of physical stimuli. Mechanoreceptors sense physical deformation of the tissue in which they reside. Mechanic ...
PDF
... shown in the lower panel. In the spinal cord (SC), one branch of the afferents enters the ascending dorsal column pathway to terminate in the ipsilateral cuneate nucleus (violet line). The other branch terminates in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Second-order neurons activated in the dorsal hor ...
... shown in the lower panel. In the spinal cord (SC), one branch of the afferents enters the ascending dorsal column pathway to terminate in the ipsilateral cuneate nucleus (violet line). The other branch terminates in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Second-order neurons activated in the dorsal hor ...
PROGRAMME and ABSTRACTS
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
... (Dementia and Depression – whether the senescence has to look like that?) Introduced by: Teresa Zalewska ...
Short title: Thalamocortical computations during tactile sensation
... that are required to construct a realistic computational model of the thalamocortical circuit. Our ...
... that are required to construct a realistic computational model of the thalamocortical circuit. Our ...
