PERSPECTIVES
... behaviours in which means and ends are temporally far apart. In this article, we will use the term action in two ways: as a generic term that indicates any type of intentional motor behaviour, and as a specific term referring to goal-directed behaviours that produce a reward for the acting individua ...
... behaviours in which means and ends are temporally far apart. In this article, we will use the term action in two ways: as a generic term that indicates any type of intentional motor behaviour, and as a specific term referring to goal-directed behaviours that produce a reward for the acting individua ...
Stereotyped responses of Drosophila peptidergic neuronal
... behavior? Molecules called neuropeptides are thought to play a key role in these decisions. Neuropeptides are produced by organs throughout the body and also by the nervous system itself. When neuropeptides act on neurons responsible for a particular behavior – such as feeding – they can inform thos ...
... behavior? Molecules called neuropeptides are thought to play a key role in these decisions. Neuropeptides are produced by organs throughout the body and also by the nervous system itself. When neuropeptides act on neurons responsible for a particular behavior – such as feeding – they can inform thos ...
Section 1: Anatomy of the sensorimotor system
... 1996). However, many of these criteria are difficult to test in the human brain, and many areas that are conventionally known as motor areas do not possess all these features. Therefore discussion here will include cortical areas that are conventionally described as motor areas, and that have been p ...
... 1996). However, many of these criteria are difficult to test in the human brain, and many areas that are conventionally known as motor areas do not possess all these features. Therefore discussion here will include cortical areas that are conventionally described as motor areas, and that have been p ...
PDF
... About this stage the ganglion begins to show a partial subdivision which so closely resembles that described in the human by Streeter (1906) that his terminology may conveniently be applied. Thus the dorsal part of the acoustic ganglion, which lies close against the rostral wall of the vesicle and o ...
... About this stage the ganglion begins to show a partial subdivision which so closely resembles that described in the human by Streeter (1906) that his terminology may conveniently be applied. Thus the dorsal part of the acoustic ganglion, which lies close against the rostral wall of the vesicle and o ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
Activation of avian embryo formation by unfertilized quail germ
... anti-sickle regions together with a neighbouring part of the area opaca were excised and explanted (ventral side upwards) in vitro. We used isolated anti-sickle regions and not lateral blastoderm quadrants, because reliably the first contain no Rauber’s sickle material at all [14] and hence comparab ...
... anti-sickle regions together with a neighbouring part of the area opaca were excised and explanted (ventral side upwards) in vitro. We used isolated anti-sickle regions and not lateral blastoderm quadrants, because reliably the first contain no Rauber’s sickle material at all [14] and hence comparab ...
Sleep and Biological Rhythms
... cells in the retina, a pathway that may account for the ability of light to reset the biological clock (zeitgeber function) the intergeniculate leaflet of the lateral geniculate thalamic nucleus ...
... cells in the retina, a pathway that may account for the ability of light to reset the biological clock (zeitgeber function) the intergeniculate leaflet of the lateral geniculate thalamic nucleus ...
A Neurodynamical cortical model of visual attention and
... connections, and the modules are connected hierarchically by convergent feedforward connections. A modified Hebb-like learning rule that incorporates a temporal trace of each cell’s previous activity enables the neurons to learn transform invariant responses. The model implements biased competition b ...
... connections, and the modules are connected hierarchically by convergent feedforward connections. A modified Hebb-like learning rule that incorporates a temporal trace of each cell’s previous activity enables the neurons to learn transform invariant responses. The model implements biased competition b ...
Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... The network model of Potjans and Diesmann (2014) is chosen here since it has a minimum level of detail in the sense that individual neurons have simplified leaky integrate-andfire (LIF) dynamics, but still represents a cortical column with full density of neurons and connections. The connectivity in s ...
... The network model of Potjans and Diesmann (2014) is chosen here since it has a minimum level of detail in the sense that individual neurons have simplified leaky integrate-andfire (LIF) dynamics, but still represents a cortical column with full density of neurons and connections. The connectivity in s ...
Mechanisms of Contour Perception in Monkey Visual Cortex. I. Lines
... scope, and a digital display of the actual stimulus parameter-and at the same time to be able to use any stimulus setting immediately as the starting point for a series of recordings. The raster display and the graphic representation of the recorded responses then provided a check on the observation ...
... scope, and a digital display of the actual stimulus parameter-and at the same time to be able to use any stimulus setting immediately as the starting point for a series of recordings. The raster display and the graphic representation of the recorded responses then provided a check on the observation ...
Text - ETH E
... This article focuses on recent modeling studies of dopamine neuron activity and their influence on behavior. Activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is phasically increased by stimuli that increase the animal’s reward expectation and is decreased below baseline levels when the reward fails to occur. T ...
... This article focuses on recent modeling studies of dopamine neuron activity and their influence on behavior. Activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is phasically increased by stimuli that increase the animal’s reward expectation and is decreased below baseline levels when the reward fails to occur. T ...
J Neurophysiol - University of Connecticut
... maximum deviation in the STRF or RTF. Best frequency (Hz) and peak latency (ms) are the spectral and temporal coordinates of the maximum deviation in the STRF (Fig. 1A, gray arrows). The spectrotemporal boundaries of an STRF feature were defined by a contour at 1/e times the maximum value. This thre ...
... maximum deviation in the STRF or RTF. Best frequency (Hz) and peak latency (ms) are the spectral and temporal coordinates of the maximum deviation in the STRF (Fig. 1A, gray arrows). The spectrotemporal boundaries of an STRF feature were defined by a contour at 1/e times the maximum value. This thre ...
Down
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
... subiculum of a rodent when the rodent is heading in different directions in a familiar maze. The dashed line represents the new head properties of the same neuron when the rodent is placed in the new unfamiliar maze. The new response properties will normally be similar to the previous one, that is, ...
Chapter 16 - MBFys Home Page
... applied to this loose collection of neuronal clusters because the early neurohistologists envisioned these neurons as part of a sparse network of diffusely connected cells that extends from the intermediate gray regions of the cervical spinal cord to the lateral regions of the hypothalamus and certa ...
... applied to this loose collection of neuronal clusters because the early neurohistologists envisioned these neurons as part of a sparse network of diffusely connected cells that extends from the intermediate gray regions of the cervical spinal cord to the lateral regions of the hypothalamus and certa ...
Mechanisms of Neuronal Computation in Mammalian Visual Cortex
... excitation and inhibition are thought to balance one another tightly (van Vreeswijk and Sompolinsky, 1998). In addition to explaining many aspects of simple cell behavior, this balance can explain the large variability of cortical spiking responses (Shadlen and Newsome, 1998). In push-pull models, c ...
... excitation and inhibition are thought to balance one another tightly (van Vreeswijk and Sompolinsky, 1998). In addition to explaining many aspects of simple cell behavior, this balance can explain the large variability of cortical spiking responses (Shadlen and Newsome, 1998). In push-pull models, c ...
Activity Patterns and Synaptic Organization of Ventrally Located
... contribute to the synchronization and excitatory drive of motoneurons during episodes of rhythmic activity (Ho and O’Donovan, 1993). This observation suggests that some of the cells giving rise to VLF axons are likely to be activated rhythmically during episodes of motoneuron bursting. To test this ...
... contribute to the synchronization and excitatory drive of motoneurons during episodes of rhythmic activity (Ho and O’Donovan, 1993). This observation suggests that some of the cells giving rise to VLF axons are likely to be activated rhythmically during episodes of motoneuron bursting. To test this ...
Word - The Open University
... genome varies from species to species, and it follows that the genome must be sufficient to ensure that the spiders use their silk in a way that is characteristic of the species. So, how does the genome affect web design, such that an orb web, a triangular web or no web is constructed? That the geno ...
... genome varies from species to species, and it follows that the genome must be sufficient to ensure that the spiders use their silk in a way that is characteristic of the species. So, how does the genome affect web design, such that an orb web, a triangular web or no web is constructed? That the geno ...
Insights into Rapid Modulation of Neuroplasticity by Brain Estrogens
... interchange between these terms. We use the term cognition, or cognitive function, to refer to processes such as attention, learning, and memory that require frontal brain areas including the cortex and hippocampus. Owing to the burgeoning interest in understanding the effect of rapid estrogenic sig ...
... interchange between these terms. We use the term cognition, or cognitive function, to refer to processes such as attention, learning, and memory that require frontal brain areas including the cortex and hippocampus. Owing to the burgeoning interest in understanding the effect of rapid estrogenic sig ...
chapt13_lecture
... – first order neurons – detect stimulus and transmit signal to spinal cord or brainstem – second order neurons – continues to the thalamus at the upper end of the brainstem – third order neurons – carries the signal the rest of the way to the sensory region of the cerebral cortex ...
... – first order neurons – detect stimulus and transmit signal to spinal cord or brainstem – second order neurons – continues to the thalamus at the upper end of the brainstem – third order neurons – carries the signal the rest of the way to the sensory region of the cerebral cortex ...
- TestbankU
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
... 2.1-37. Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by a. oligodendrocytes. b. microglia. c. astrocytes. d. neurocytes. e. Schwann cells. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 2.1-37 Page Ref: 37 Topic: Supporting Cells Skill: Factual Answer: a. oligodendrocytes Rationale: Oligodendrocytes form t ...
Expression of NADPH-d in the vagal nuclei of the
... has been controlled by the caudal and rostral DMV, which have inhibitory and excitatory effects on the esophagus, respectively (4). We could not observe any prominent difference in NADPH-d staining of the 2 parts of the nucleus. There was no staining difference between right and left sides of the nu ...
... has been controlled by the caudal and rostral DMV, which have inhibitory and excitatory effects on the esophagus, respectively (4). We could not observe any prominent difference in NADPH-d staining of the 2 parts of the nucleus. There was no staining difference between right and left sides of the nu ...
No Slide Title
... – first order neurons – detect stimulus and transmit signal to spinal cord or brainstem – second order neurons – continues to the thalamus at the upper end of the brainstem – third order neurons – carries the signal the rest of the way to the sensory region of the cerebral cortex ...
... – first order neurons – detect stimulus and transmit signal to spinal cord or brainstem – second order neurons – continues to the thalamus at the upper end of the brainstem – third order neurons – carries the signal the rest of the way to the sensory region of the cerebral cortex ...
Evidence for parasympathetic innervation of white adipose tissue
... only sympathetic but also parasympathetic innervation (5). Using microsurgery, transneuronal retrograde tracing, and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, we demonstrated that parasympathetic innervation of fat tissue has an anabolic effect and stimulated fat growth. In a follow-up paper on body fat d ...
... only sympathetic but also parasympathetic innervation (5). Using microsurgery, transneuronal retrograde tracing, and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, we demonstrated that parasympathetic innervation of fat tissue has an anabolic effect and stimulated fat growth. In a follow-up paper on body fat d ...