Roles of Multiple Globus Pallidus Territories of Monkeys and
... while the GPi projects to the thalamus, which relays these signals to the cerebral cortex (Kim et al., 1976; Wiesendanger and Wiesendanger, 1985; Matelli et al., 1989; Matelli and Luppino, 1996; Sakai et al., 1996). Additionally, GPe neurons project back to the striatum to modulate the activity of s ...
... while the GPi projects to the thalamus, which relays these signals to the cerebral cortex (Kim et al., 1976; Wiesendanger and Wiesendanger, 1985; Matelli et al., 1989; Matelli and Luppino, 1996; Sakai et al., 1996). Additionally, GPe neurons project back to the striatum to modulate the activity of s ...
Gating of Sensory Input by Spontaneous Cortical Activity
... a semiautomatic algorithm (http://klustakwik.sourceforge.net) followed by manual clustering (http://klusters.sourceforge.net). Only neurons with firing rates higher than 1 Hz were used in further analysis, resulting in population sizes 17, 26, 32, and 45 for the four rats, respectively. After spike ...
... a semiautomatic algorithm (http://klustakwik.sourceforge.net) followed by manual clustering (http://klusters.sourceforge.net). Only neurons with firing rates higher than 1 Hz were used in further analysis, resulting in population sizes 17, 26, 32, and 45 for the four rats, respectively. After spike ...
ARTICULOS PUBLICADOS EN REVISTAS ELECTRÓNICAS: TRABAJO 1:
... 5-HT can also activate excitatory receptors (5HT2A and 5-HT3) in GABA interneurons (Morales and Bloom, 1997; Jakab and Goldman-Rakic, 2000) to increase a synaptic GABA input onto pyramidal neurons (Tanaka and North, 1993; Zhou and Hablitz, 1999; Férézou et al., 2002) However, despite the wealth of i ...
... 5-HT can also activate excitatory receptors (5HT2A and 5-HT3) in GABA interneurons (Morales and Bloom, 1997; Jakab and Goldman-Rakic, 2000) to increase a synaptic GABA input onto pyramidal neurons (Tanaka and North, 1993; Zhou and Hablitz, 1999; Férézou et al., 2002) However, despite the wealth of i ...
post-peer-review-non-publishers
... Abstract Internal circadian clocks are important regulators of mammalian biology, acting to coordinate physiology and behaviour in line with daily changes in the environment. At present, synchronisation of the circadian system to the solar cycle is believed to rely on a quantitative assessment of to ...
... Abstract Internal circadian clocks are important regulators of mammalian biology, acting to coordinate physiology and behaviour in line with daily changes in the environment. At present, synchronisation of the circadian system to the solar cycle is believed to rely on a quantitative assessment of to ...
File
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
the premotor cortex of the monkey
... radialis, brachialis, and brachioradials were monitored, many bilaterally, and they also showed no consistent transient or sustained relationship with the ready signal. EMG activity was synchronized with movement; the earliest muscles were activated 20 to 80 msec before movement onset. The onset tim ...
... radialis, brachialis, and brachioradials were monitored, many bilaterally, and they also showed no consistent transient or sustained relationship with the ready signal. EMG activity was synchronized with movement; the earliest muscles were activated 20 to 80 msec before movement onset. The onset tim ...
Neural substrates for expectation-modulated fear learning in
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
... stores memories of the conditioned stimulus–unconditioned stimulus association, but the origin of UCS inputs to the amygdala is unknown. Theory and evidence suggest that instructive UCS inputs to the amygdala will be inhibited when the UCS is expected, but this has not been found during fear conditi ...
File
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
... 26) The simplest animals to display cephalization and centralization of the nervous system are A) sponges. B) flatworms. C) cnidarians. D) echinoderms. Answer: B Topic: 28.10 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 27) The brain and sensory system of a bilaterally symmetric organism function most like A) th ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
... and offset and from the duration of the saccadic movement task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded ...
... and offset and from the duration of the saccadic movement task. The analysis presented here is based on 161 neurons re(typically 60 ms). For both areas LIP and 7a the distribution of corded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP), a recently defined subdivision of the IPL; and 54 neurons recorded ...
Chapter 13 *Lecture PowerPoint The Spinal Cord,
... • Columns or funiculi—three pairs of these white matter bundles – Posterior (dorsal), lateral, and anterior (ventral) columns on each side • Tracts or fasciculi—subdivisions of each column Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... • Columns or funiculi—three pairs of these white matter bundles – Posterior (dorsal), lateral, and anterior (ventral) columns on each side • Tracts or fasciculi—subdivisions of each column Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Document
... Twelve pairs of cranial nerves arise from the brain They have sensory, motor, or both sensory and ...
... Twelve pairs of cranial nerves arise from the brain They have sensory, motor, or both sensory and ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... 48. Describe the nerve impulse as it travels along a nerve fiber and across a synapse. Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the act ...
... 48. Describe the nerve impulse as it travels along a nerve fiber and across a synapse. Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the act ...
Chapter 8: The Nervous System
... 48. Describe the nerve impulse as it travels along a nerve fiber and across a synapse. Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the act ...
... 48. Describe the nerve impulse as it travels along a nerve fiber and across a synapse. Ans: A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization, during which sodium ions first move into a neuron and then potassium ions move out of a neuron. This is called an action potential. When the act ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... and cone receptor proteins in man. It appears on the basis of sequence homologies that the genes that produce the rod and cone receptor proteins are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X ch ...
... and cone receptor proteins in man. It appears on the basis of sequence homologies that the genes that produce the rod and cone receptor proteins are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X ch ...
12-4 Membrane Potential
... a Anaxonic neurons have more than two processes, and they are all dendrites. ...
... a Anaxonic neurons have more than two processes, and they are all dendrites. ...
A Brainstem Network Mediating Apneic Reflexes in the Rat
... Apnea is an important protective response to upper airway irritation, but the central mechanisms responsible for eliciting sensory-induced apnea are not well understood. Recent studies have emphasized the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus in producing apnea and proposed a trigeminoparabrachial pathway for medi ...
... Apnea is an important protective response to upper airway irritation, but the central mechanisms responsible for eliciting sensory-induced apnea are not well understood. Recent studies have emphasized the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus in producing apnea and proposed a trigeminoparabrachial pathway for medi ...
NK1 receptor-expressing spinoparabrachial neurons trigger diffuse
... areas involved in DNIC are not identified. One possibility is the lateral PB area. Indeed, in the spinal cord, the highest concentration of NK1 receptor, on which substance P acts, is in the lamina I/III of the superficial dorsal horn [9]. And the great majority (80%) of projecting lamina I/III neuro ...
... areas involved in DNIC are not identified. One possibility is the lateral PB area. Indeed, in the spinal cord, the highest concentration of NK1 receptor, on which substance P acts, is in the lamina I/III of the superficial dorsal horn [9]. And the great majority (80%) of projecting lamina I/III neuro ...
- Wiley Online Library
... In recent years, axonal degeneration has been proposed to be a leading or contributing cause of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, and Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases (Trapp et al. 1998; Cifue ...
... In recent years, axonal degeneration has been proposed to be a leading or contributing cause of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, and Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases (Trapp et al. 1998; Cifue ...
A Model of Surround Suppression Through Cortical Feedback
... All five V1 regions send feedforward projections to the V2 region. The feedforward projections originate from the V1 neurons and terminate on both excitatory and inhibitory neurons within the V2 region. The output weights extending from one V1 neuron take on a Gaussian pattern which is identical for ...
... All five V1 regions send feedforward projections to the V2 region. The feedforward projections originate from the V1 neurons and terminate on both excitatory and inhibitory neurons within the V2 region. The output weights extending from one V1 neuron take on a Gaussian pattern which is identical for ...
Purves chs. 12, 13 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... throughout the central auditory pathways. The earliest stage of central processing occurs at the cochlear nucleus, where the peripheral auditory information diverges into a number of parallel central pathways. Accordingly, the output of the cochlear nucleus has several targets. One of these is the s ...
... throughout the central auditory pathways. The earliest stage of central processing occurs at the cochlear nucleus, where the peripheral auditory information diverges into a number of parallel central pathways. Accordingly, the output of the cochlear nucleus has several targets. One of these is the s ...
gaba-mediated inhibition correlates with orientation selectivity in
... selectivity is still debated. Several studies suggested that inhibition has no effect on sharpening orientation selectivity: neurons retain their orientation selectivity in intracellular inhibition-blocked experiments (Nelson et al., 1994), cooling experiments (Ferster et al., 1996) and shock-inacti ...
... selectivity is still debated. Several studies suggested that inhibition has no effect on sharpening orientation selectivity: neurons retain their orientation selectivity in intracellular inhibition-blocked experiments (Nelson et al., 1994), cooling experiments (Ferster et al., 1996) and shock-inacti ...
Stereologic analysis of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the
... Moreover, all of the thalamic nuclei that have been implicated in schizophrenia are reciprocally connected with higher association cortices; therefore, it is not clear whether thalamic neuronal deficits in schizophrenia extend to sensory thalamic nuclei, such as the LGN. The present study was undert ...
... Moreover, all of the thalamic nuclei that have been implicated in schizophrenia are reciprocally connected with higher association cortices; therefore, it is not clear whether thalamic neuronal deficits in schizophrenia extend to sensory thalamic nuclei, such as the LGN. The present study was undert ...
Hox genes pattern the heart
... forms as a linear tube from two rows of cells that converge at the dorsal midline. In vertebrates, a linear heart tube is initially formed at the ventral midline from two rows of converging cells. Although the Drosophila dorsal vessel functions throughout the life cycle as a linear tube, in many cas ...
... forms as a linear tube from two rows of cells that converge at the dorsal midline. In vertebrates, a linear heart tube is initially formed at the ventral midline from two rows of converging cells. Although the Drosophila dorsal vessel functions throughout the life cycle as a linear tube, in many cas ...