projecting to oculomotor regions of the pons Activity of monkey
... burst neurons in the PPRF. When this inhibition is released, burst neurons generate the pulse of activity required by oculomotoneurons to drive the eye to a new location at high velocity (Luschei and Fuchs 1972; Keller 1974 ). Oculomotor inputs to the cerebellum are used to monitor and regulate sacc ...
... burst neurons in the PPRF. When this inhibition is released, burst neurons generate the pulse of activity required by oculomotoneurons to drive the eye to a new location at high velocity (Luschei and Fuchs 1972; Keller 1974 ). Oculomotor inputs to the cerebellum are used to monitor and regulate sacc ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... overlooked existing long-projecting GABAergic neurons. Further studies characterizing the role of such cortical projections in behavioral regulation may contribute to the understanding and treatment of many mental illnesses. Further studies. The study by Lee et al. (2014) opened opportunities for ex ...
... overlooked existing long-projecting GABAergic neurons. Further studies characterizing the role of such cortical projections in behavioral regulation may contribute to the understanding and treatment of many mental illnesses. Further studies. The study by Lee et al. (2014) opened opportunities for ex ...
Transgenic mice overexpressing the full
... However, it remains to be determined whether TrkC ligands regulate the development of LC NA neurons in vivo and if developmental alterations in LC may facilitate an anxiety prone phenotype and predispose to the development of panic disorder. We have tested the hypothesis that in vivo overexpression ...
... However, it remains to be determined whether TrkC ligands regulate the development of LC NA neurons in vivo and if developmental alterations in LC may facilitate an anxiety prone phenotype and predispose to the development of panic disorder. We have tested the hypothesis that in vivo overexpression ...
uncorrected page page page proofs
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
Current Opinion in Neurobiology (2004)
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
download file
... minimize adaptation effects. All tones had 5 ms rise and fall times (cosine squared gated) and were 25 ms in total duration. To determine temporal selectivity to periodic stimuli, repetition rate transfer functions (RRTF) in response to tones and noise bursts were derived at each site by presenting ...
... minimize adaptation effects. All tones had 5 ms rise and fall times (cosine squared gated) and were 25 ms in total duration. To determine temporal selectivity to periodic stimuli, repetition rate transfer functions (RRTF) in response to tones and noise bursts were derived at each site by presenting ...
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
... observed in a muscle afferent dorsal root ganglion neuron. (A′) Activation (filled symbols) and steady-state inactivation (open symbols) exhibit little overlap. (B) A small dorsal root ganglion neuron displays only slow, TTX-resistant sodium current (Nav1.8). (B′) Activation (filled symbols) and ste ...
... observed in a muscle afferent dorsal root ganglion neuron. (A′) Activation (filled symbols) and steady-state inactivation (open symbols) exhibit little overlap. (B) A small dorsal root ganglion neuron displays only slow, TTX-resistant sodium current (Nav1.8). (B′) Activation (filled symbols) and ste ...
Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: Therapeutic Targets
... observed in a muscle afferent dorsal root ganglion neuron. (A′) Activation (filled symbols) and steady-state inactivation (open symbols) exhibit little overlap. (B) A small dorsal root ganglion neuron displays only slow, TTX-resistant sodium current (Nav1.8). (B′) Activation (filled symbols) and ste ...
... observed in a muscle afferent dorsal root ganglion neuron. (A′) Activation (filled symbols) and steady-state inactivation (open symbols) exhibit little overlap. (B) A small dorsal root ganglion neuron displays only slow, TTX-resistant sodium current (Nav1.8). (B′) Activation (filled symbols) and ste ...
A Biomechanical Analysis of Ventral Furrow Formation in the
... angle about the dorsal (D)-ventral (V) midline at the reference instant t = 210.43 min. Only a mesodermal sub-region is thought to be active by undergoing apical constriction. Myosin II that is initially localized on the basal side of the epithelium (red-dotted line) vanishes in this sub-region to r ...
... angle about the dorsal (D)-ventral (V) midline at the reference instant t = 210.43 min. Only a mesodermal sub-region is thought to be active by undergoing apical constriction. Myosin II that is initially localized on the basal side of the epithelium (red-dotted line) vanishes in this sub-region to r ...
Dynamic Computation of Incentive Salience: “Wanting” What Was
... 46-6133 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-09.2009 Copyright © 2009 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/09/2912220-09$15.00/0 ...
... 46-6133 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-09.2009 Copyright © 2009 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/09/2912220-09$15.00/0 ...
ANS: c, p. 42, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... b) oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells c) occipital; Schwann d) oligodendrocytes; lobitical 2. ____________neurotransmitters make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas _____________ neurotransmitters make it less likely that a neuron will send its message. a) Excit ...
... b) oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells c) occipital; Schwann d) oligodendrocytes; lobitical 2. ____________neurotransmitters make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas _____________ neurotransmitters make it less likely that a neuron will send its message. a) Excit ...
Slide 1 - SchoolRack
... “simplest” of the worm invertebrates [as] they have tissues and internal organs [as well as] the three embryonic differentiated cells: Ecto/meso/endoderm ...
... “simplest” of the worm invertebrates [as] they have tissues and internal organs [as well as] the three embryonic differentiated cells: Ecto/meso/endoderm ...
cHaPter 3
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
... In principle, the visual system could adjust to recent sensory input independently at each processing stage or perhaps whenever a large number of presynaptic signals are pooled (Baccus and Meister 2004). Alternatively, it could implement effects early in the processing stream and pass this altered r ...
The Pharyngeal Arches
... to the developing pharynx. • Soon other arches appear as obliquely disposed, rounded ridges on each side of the future head and neck regions. ...
... to the developing pharynx. • Soon other arches appear as obliquely disposed, rounded ridges on each side of the future head and neck regions. ...
Brain stem excitatory and inhibitory signaling pathways regulating
... vagal efferent fibers on coordinated reflex changes in airway smooth muscle tone, submucosal gland secretion, and blood flow along the tracheobronchial tree. A similar arrangement has been described in the parasympathetic control of the enteric tract (215). This unified concept does not exclude the ...
... vagal efferent fibers on coordinated reflex changes in airway smooth muscle tone, submucosal gland secretion, and blood flow along the tracheobronchial tree. A similar arrangement has been described in the parasympathetic control of the enteric tract (215). This unified concept does not exclude the ...
online age page age page proofs proofs
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
... brain because of the presence of very thin blood vessels (capillaries). The lighter areas, called white matter, are mostly nerve fibres that connect distant brain areas to one another. They have a fatty coating that produces the whitish appearance. White matter is found in abundance beneath the cort ...
ANS: c, p. 42, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... 1. Two types of glial cells, called __________ and ___________, generate myelin. a) occipital; lobitical b) oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells c) occipital; Schwann d) oligodendrocytes; lobitical 2. ____________neurotransmitters make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, ...
... 1. Two types of glial cells, called __________ and ___________, generate myelin. a) occipital; lobitical b) oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells c) occipital; Schwann d) oligodendrocytes; lobitical 2. ____________neurotransmitters make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, ...
Organization of the Honey Bee Mushroom Body
... gamma lobes specifically support short-term memory, whereas their vertical lobes are essential for long-term memory. Developmental studies have demonstrated that the Drosophila gamma lobe, like its equivalent in the cockroach Periplaneta americana, is supplied by a special class of intrinsic neuron— ...
... gamma lobes specifically support short-term memory, whereas their vertical lobes are essential for long-term memory. Developmental studies have demonstrated that the Drosophila gamma lobe, like its equivalent in the cockroach Periplaneta americana, is supplied by a special class of intrinsic neuron— ...
Chapter 35: Kandel - krigolson teaching
... uring purposeful movements the central nervous system uses information from a vast array of sensory receptors to ensure that the pattern of muscle activity suits the purpose. Without this sensory information movements tend to be imprecise, and tasks requiring fine coordination in the hands, such as ...
... uring purposeful movements the central nervous system uses information from a vast array of sensory receptors to ensure that the pattern of muscle activity suits the purpose. Without this sensory information movements tend to be imprecise, and tasks requiring fine coordination in the hands, such as ...
Estrogen Actions Throughout the Brain
... neurons, and the basal forebrain cholinergic system as well as the hippocampal formation, a brain region involved in spatial and declarative memory. Thus, ovarian steroids have measurable effects on affective state as well as cognition, with implications for dementia. Two actions are discussed in th ...
... neurons, and the basal forebrain cholinergic system as well as the hippocampal formation, a brain region involved in spatial and declarative memory. Thus, ovarian steroids have measurable effects on affective state as well as cognition, with implications for dementia. Two actions are discussed in th ...
Organization of Inhibitory Frequency Receptive Fields in Cat Primary
... tions. Characterizing these influences is critical to understanding the relationship between neurophysiology and perception. Frequency tuning curves (FTCs) define a spectral or frequency-intensity RF for auditory neurons. Typically, FTCs of auditory neurons have been defined with single-tone stimuli ...
... tions. Characterizing these influences is critical to understanding the relationship between neurophysiology and perception. Frequency tuning curves (FTCs) define a spectral or frequency-intensity RF for auditory neurons. Typically, FTCs of auditory neurons have been defined with single-tone stimuli ...
Chapter 08: The Chemical Senses
... at papilla level is present but not absolute exclusiveness (at higher concentrations of taste stimuli) ...
... at papilla level is present but not absolute exclusiveness (at higher concentrations of taste stimuli) ...
Basal ganglia contributions to motor control: a - Research
... projects to the frontal cortex including parts of the premotor and primary motor cortex. (b) Internal connectivity of the BG motor circuit (front subpanel) showing principal pathways only. Direct and indirect pathways start in projection neurons of the putamen (part of the striatum) that express D1- ...
... projects to the frontal cortex including parts of the premotor and primary motor cortex. (b) Internal connectivity of the BG motor circuit (front subpanel) showing principal pathways only. Direct and indirect pathways start in projection neurons of the putamen (part of the striatum) that express D1- ...