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... Dorsally at the midline, fasciculus gracilis axons terminate in the nucleus gracilis. Further laterally, fasciculus cuneatus axons terminate in the medial cuneate nucleus (nucleus cuneatus medialis) (Fig. 18–8). The fasciculi are composed of cranial branches of primary afferent axons associated wit ...
... Dorsally at the midline, fasciculus gracilis axons terminate in the nucleus gracilis. Further laterally, fasciculus cuneatus axons terminate in the medial cuneate nucleus (nucleus cuneatus medialis) (Fig. 18–8). The fasciculi are composed of cranial branches of primary afferent axons associated wit ...
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
... Hubel and Weisl won Noble prize for their discovery of the cortical cells By 1970s, found that other regions of the brain are also involved in vision. Cells that respond to far more complex ...
... Hubel and Weisl won Noble prize for their discovery of the cortical cells By 1970s, found that other regions of the brain are also involved in vision. Cells that respond to far more complex ...
glial versus neuronal uptake of glutamate
... high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been distinguished by the use of competitive analogues in vivo and in vitro. Consequently, autoradiographic location of neuronal GABA uptake has become a useful method for recognition of GABAergic neurones. However, in the ...
... high affinity by glia and GABAergic neurones, and the two uptake systems have been distinguished by the use of competitive analogues in vivo and in vitro. Consequently, autoradiographic location of neuronal GABA uptake has become a useful method for recognition of GABAergic neurones. However, in the ...
Playing the electric light orchestra—how electrical stimulation of
... The visual cortex is perhaps the most thoroughly investigated of any brain system in mammals. In primates, visual cortex has been delineated into more than 30 distinct areas based on their anatomical and functional properties [1,2]. Research into visual cortical function reveals fundamental mechanis ...
... The visual cortex is perhaps the most thoroughly investigated of any brain system in mammals. In primates, visual cortex has been delineated into more than 30 distinct areas based on their anatomical and functional properties [1,2]. Research into visual cortical function reveals fundamental mechanis ...
the development of the dorsal and ventral mammalian pancreas in
... the lung buds are beginning to branch . (C) 6 days in culture . Further growth has occurred and both dorsal and ventral pancreas exhibit a distinct change in texture due to the presence of acini and the beginning of zymogen granule accumulation. Bronchial branching has continued . (D) 7 .5 days in c ...
... the lung buds are beginning to branch . (C) 6 days in culture . Further growth has occurred and both dorsal and ventral pancreas exhibit a distinct change in texture due to the presence of acini and the beginning of zymogen granule accumulation. Bronchial branching has continued . (D) 7 .5 days in c ...
Developmental Biology - National Open University of Nigeria
... fertilized egg, or zygote,, which divides mitotically to produce all the cells of the body. The study of anim mal development has traditionally been called embryology, from that stage of an organism that exists between fertilization and birth. But development does not stop at birth, or even at adult ...
... fertilized egg, or zygote,, which divides mitotically to produce all the cells of the body. The study of anim mal development has traditionally been called embryology, from that stage of an organism that exists between fertilization and birth. But development does not stop at birth, or even at adult ...
Imaging development and plasticity in the mouse visual system
... complex network of several brain regions, their neuronal circuits and interconnections provides the substrate for these processes. How the trillion of functionally meaningful connections in the brain are formed during development and how they are shaped and modified later by learning and experience ...
... complex network of several brain regions, their neuronal circuits and interconnections provides the substrate for these processes. How the trillion of functionally meaningful connections in the brain are formed during development and how they are shaped and modified later by learning and experience ...
Impairment of a parabolic bursting rhythm by the ectopic expression
... bursting activity by rSK2 overexpression is unlikely to be due to reduced spike duration, and is more likely to be due to rSK2-induced slow AHP that decays with a time constant of , 150 ms [14]. It is widely held that slowly activating, voltagedependent currents play a key role in producing the burs ...
... bursting activity by rSK2 overexpression is unlikely to be due to reduced spike duration, and is more likely to be due to rSK2-induced slow AHP that decays with a time constant of , 150 ms [14]. It is widely held that slowly activating, voltagedependent currents play a key role in producing the burs ...
A Weighted and Directed Interareal Connectivity
... the results from single injections into other cortical areas. Our analysis of 1615 connections, including 36% that we consider to be NFP, reveals a high density of cortico-cortical connectivity (66%) and an unexpectedly high incidence (33%) of potentially unidirectional pathways, of which one-third ...
... the results from single injections into other cortical areas. Our analysis of 1615 connections, including 36% that we consider to be NFP, reveals a high density of cortico-cortical connectivity (66%) and an unexpectedly high incidence (33%) of potentially unidirectional pathways, of which one-third ...
Emilia Biffi Editor - Biology at the University of Illinois at Urbana
... and excitable cells. It will not, however, shortchange the concept side of things as care has been taken to integrate these tools within the context of the concepts and questions under investigation. In this way, the series is unique in that it not only collects protocols but also includes theoretic ...
... and excitable cells. It will not, however, shortchange the concept side of things as care has been taken to integrate these tools within the context of the concepts and questions under investigation. In this way, the series is unique in that it not only collects protocols but also includes theoretic ...
Action Potential Backpropagation and Somato
... Thalamocortical (TC) neurons of the dorsal thalamus integrate synaptic input from the periphery, neocortex, and brainstem to convey sensory information to the neocortex in an attentionally relevant and state-dependent manner (Steriade and Deschenes, 1984; McCormick, 1992; Steriade et al., 1993; Guid ...
... Thalamocortical (TC) neurons of the dorsal thalamus integrate synaptic input from the periphery, neocortex, and brainstem to convey sensory information to the neocortex in an attentionally relevant and state-dependent manner (Steriade and Deschenes, 1984; McCormick, 1992; Steriade et al., 1993; Guid ...
Lillienfeld: Chapter 3 lecture PowerPoint
... Figure 3.3 The Action Potential. When a neuron is at rest there are positive and negative ions on both sides of the membrane. During an action potential, positive ions rush in and then out of the axon. This process recurs along the axon until the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters. ...
... Figure 3.3 The Action Potential. When a neuron is at rest there are positive and negative ions on both sides of the membrane. During an action potential, positive ions rush in and then out of the axon. This process recurs along the axon until the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters. ...
Review Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward
... cortex, which appears to be a crucial mechanism of drug addiction. In view of these well-established results, several studies investigated neuronal mechanisms of reward by studying the impulse activity of single neurons in the dopamine system and other presumptive reward structures. In particular, w ...
... cortex, which appears to be a crucial mechanism of drug addiction. In view of these well-established results, several studies investigated neuronal mechanisms of reward by studying the impulse activity of single neurons in the dopamine system and other presumptive reward structures. In particular, w ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1) - test bank and solution manual for your
... c) receive messages from neighboring neurons Incorrect. Dendrites, not axons, receive messages. d) insulate against leakage of electrical impulses ANS: a, p. 47, F, LO=2.1, (2) % correct 67 a= 67 b= 2 c= 10 d= 21 r = .41 % correct 80 a= 80 b= 6 c= 13 d= 2 r = .30 APA: LO 1.2 14. _________ receive me ...
... c) receive messages from neighboring neurons Incorrect. Dendrites, not axons, receive messages. d) insulate against leakage of electrical impulses ANS: a, p. 47, F, LO=2.1, (2) % correct 67 a= 67 b= 2 c= 10 d= 21 r = .41 % correct 80 a= 80 b= 6 c= 13 d= 2 r = .30 APA: LO 1.2 14. _________ receive me ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... et al., 2003). Removing parts of the parietal cortex, however, does not seem to affect the learning of new associations or the retention of familiar ones (Pisella et al., 2000; Rushworth, Nixon, & Passingham, 1997). As an example, LIP neurons can become sensitive to colors if they have been arbitrar ...
... et al., 2003). Removing parts of the parietal cortex, however, does not seem to affect the learning of new associations or the retention of familiar ones (Pisella et al., 2000; Rushworth, Nixon, & Passingham, 1997). As an example, LIP neurons can become sensitive to colors if they have been arbitrar ...
2906_lect8
... Nose contains small ridges, olfactory cleft, and olfactory epithelium Olfactory cleft: A narrow space at the back of the nose into which air flows, where the main olfactory epithelium is located Olfactory epithelium: A secretory mucous membrane in the human nose whose primary function is to dete ...
... Nose contains small ridges, olfactory cleft, and olfactory epithelium Olfactory cleft: A narrow space at the back of the nose into which air flows, where the main olfactory epithelium is located Olfactory epithelium: A secretory mucous membrane in the human nose whose primary function is to dete ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... 19. A cell in the human nervous system whose primary function is to provide insulation and structure for neurons on which they may develop and work is called a(n) ________. a) epidermal cell b) adipose cell c) glial cell Correct. Glial cells serve as a structure on which neurons develop and work. d) ...
... 19. A cell in the human nervous system whose primary function is to provide insulation and structure for neurons on which they may develop and work is called a(n) ________. a) epidermal cell b) adipose cell c) glial cell Correct. Glial cells serve as a structure on which neurons develop and work. d) ...
Physiological origins and functional correlates of EEG rhythmic
... that surrounds the cell and its axonal and dendritic processes. When at rest, current gradients maintain a small electrical potential across the cell membrane. Excitatory impulses reaching the cell release transmitter substances that can reduce, or depolal~ze, this potential. If this depolarization ...
... that surrounds the cell and its axonal and dendritic processes. When at rest, current gradients maintain a small electrical potential across the cell membrane. Excitatory impulses reaching the cell release transmitter substances that can reduce, or depolal~ze, this potential. If this depolarization ...
Essential Roles for GSK-3s and GSK-3
... has been demonstrated as a key downstream regulator in signaling pathways engaged by many extracellular cues including Wnts, NGF, EGF, and hedgehog (Zhou et al., 2004; see reviews by Cohen and Frame [2001]; Doble and Woodgett [2003]; Jope and Johnson [2004]). Genetic studies in Drosophila have confi ...
... has been demonstrated as a key downstream regulator in signaling pathways engaged by many extracellular cues including Wnts, NGF, EGF, and hedgehog (Zhou et al., 2004; see reviews by Cohen and Frame [2001]; Doble and Woodgett [2003]; Jope and Johnson [2004]). Genetic studies in Drosophila have confi ...
basic mechanisms of sleep
... waves can be blocked by cholinergic antagonists (8). A long history of microinjection studies has shown that, at the level of the pons, cholinergic mechanisms at a variety of sites participate in the suppression of muscle tone accompanying REM (for review, see ref. 33). In addition to brainstemmedia ...
... waves can be blocked by cholinergic antagonists (8). A long history of microinjection studies has shown that, at the level of the pons, cholinergic mechanisms at a variety of sites participate in the suppression of muscle tone accompanying REM (for review, see ref. 33). In addition to brainstemmedia ...
Synaptic Distinction of Laminar-specific Prefrontal-temporal Pathways in Primates
... areas, issuing projections both to the middle layers and to layer I, which are anatomically and functionally distinct. Here we addressed the still unanswered question of whether cortical pathways that terminate in different layers are distinct at the synaptic level. We addressed this issue using as ...
... areas, issuing projections both to the middle layers and to layer I, which are anatomically and functionally distinct. Here we addressed the still unanswered question of whether cortical pathways that terminate in different layers are distinct at the synaptic level. We addressed this issue using as ...
The Time Course and Amplitude of EPSPs Evoked at Synapses
... depolarization. Single-fiber EPSPs can also be analyzed for quanta1 fluctuations, thereby separating presynaptic effects from postsynaptic changes during alterations in synaptic strength. These types of analyses have been pursued at the monosynaptic connection formed between a single group Ia axon a ...
... depolarization. Single-fiber EPSPs can also be analyzed for quanta1 fluctuations, thereby separating presynaptic effects from postsynaptic changes during alterations in synaptic strength. These types of analyses have been pursued at the monosynaptic connection formed between a single group Ia axon a ...
CHAPTER TWO - Test Bank 1
... c) receive messages from neighboring neurons Incorrect. Dendrites, not axons, receive messages. d) insulate against leakage of electrical impulses ANS: a, p. 47, F, LO=2.1, (2) % correct 67 a= 67 b= 2 c= 10 d= 21 r = .41 % correct 80 a= 80 b= 6 c= 13 d= 2 r = .30 APA: LO 1.2 14. _________ receive me ...
... c) receive messages from neighboring neurons Incorrect. Dendrites, not axons, receive messages. d) insulate against leakage of electrical impulses ANS: a, p. 47, F, LO=2.1, (2) % correct 67 a= 67 b= 2 c= 10 d= 21 r = .41 % correct 80 a= 80 b= 6 c= 13 d= 2 r = .30 APA: LO 1.2 14. _________ receive me ...
Comparative Study of c-Fos Expression in Rat Dorsal Vagal
... DMV, NTS and AP have complicated neuronal contact and close correlation in function, so that they constitute the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) (4). Thus, DVC and NA are the primary nerve centres that regulate gastric functions. Nevertheless, whether the neurons of DMV, NTS, AP and NA are excited, and c ...
... DMV, NTS and AP have complicated neuronal contact and close correlation in function, so that they constitute the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) (4). Thus, DVC and NA are the primary nerve centres that regulate gastric functions. Nevertheless, whether the neurons of DMV, NTS, AP and NA are excited, and c ...