File
... – Neurilemma-external covering of schwann cells – Nodes of ranvier-uninsulated gap between schwann cell – Synapse-gap between axon terminals and muscles or other neurons (neuromuscular junction if muscles) © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...
... – Neurilemma-external covering of schwann cells – Nodes of ranvier-uninsulated gap between schwann cell – Synapse-gap between axon terminals and muscles or other neurons (neuromuscular junction if muscles) © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. ...
IBRO 2008
... In the cortical network, accurately timed and located GABA release co-operates with the information-carrying glutamatergic inputs to govern the spike timing of pyramidal cells responsible for representations (refs 1,2). Space and time in the network forms an indivisible unity of evolutionary design. ...
... In the cortical network, accurately timed and located GABA release co-operates with the information-carrying glutamatergic inputs to govern the spike timing of pyramidal cells responsible for representations (refs 1,2). Space and time in the network forms an indivisible unity of evolutionary design. ...
The Early Embryo - University of Aberdeen
... One of the most fascinating processes in biology concerns how a single cell develops into a multicellular embryo with complex body structure and function. Each of us started our individual lives as a single fertilised egg and each generation needs to go through the same fascinating process again. As ...
... One of the most fascinating processes in biology concerns how a single cell develops into a multicellular embryo with complex body structure and function. Each of us started our individual lives as a single fertilised egg and each generation needs to go through the same fascinating process again. As ...
The posterior parietal cortex: Sensorimotor interface for the planning
... leftmost column shows 3 neurons that encode target and hand position separably, in eye coordinates. Each cell is tuned for a target location in the upper visual field but one responds to rightward position (the top cell), another center, and the third leftward (bottom cell). These cells are also tun ...
... leftmost column shows 3 neurons that encode target and hand position separably, in eye coordinates. Each cell is tuned for a target location in the upper visual field but one responds to rightward position (the top cell), another center, and the third leftward (bottom cell). These cells are also tun ...
laboratory manual - Neuroanatomy - University of Illinois at Chicago
... For dissection of the brains, the M-1’s have been formed into groups of six students. M-1 group # will correspond to a brain bucket #. DPT go to rooms 521518. Each brain will be in formalin in a plastic bag which was then floated in a bucket filled with saline. 1. DPT/Grad/Post put your names on the ...
... For dissection of the brains, the M-1’s have been formed into groups of six students. M-1 group # will correspond to a brain bucket #. DPT go to rooms 521518. Each brain will be in formalin in a plastic bag which was then floated in a bucket filled with saline. 1. DPT/Grad/Post put your names on the ...
sympathetic division
... celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric postganglionic fibers accompany these arteries and their branches to ...
... celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric postganglionic fibers accompany these arteries and their branches to ...
How to make an intestine - Development
... the WNT and FGF pathways may have multiple nodes of intersection with RA and BMP signaling during establishment of the posterior axis in embryos. Thus, it seems reasonable to expect a combinatorial role for these pathways in activating the posterior regulatory network in PSC cultures; however, this ...
... the WNT and FGF pathways may have multiple nodes of intersection with RA and BMP signaling during establishment of the posterior axis in embryos. Thus, it seems reasonable to expect a combinatorial role for these pathways in activating the posterior regulatory network in PSC cultures; however, this ...
14. Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
... II. Protection and Support of the Spinal Cord The spinal cord is protected by three layers of tissue, called spinal meninges, that surround the cord (Fig. 14.3): A. The dura mater is the outermost layer, and it forms a tough protective coating. Between the dura mater and the surrounding bone of the ...
... II. Protection and Support of the Spinal Cord The spinal cord is protected by three layers of tissue, called spinal meninges, that surround the cord (Fig. 14.3): A. The dura mater is the outermost layer, and it forms a tough protective coating. Between the dura mater and the surrounding bone of the ...
Article
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
Mesodermal and neuronal retinoids regulate the induction and
... Attempts to define the specific contributions of each retinoid source to LMC subtype specification and LMC maintenance have been stymied by the early lethality of Raldh2 null embryos prior to motor neuron generation (Niederreither et al., 1999). A recent study where Raldh2 expression was genetically ...
... Attempts to define the specific contributions of each retinoid source to LMC subtype specification and LMC maintenance have been stymied by the early lethality of Raldh2 null embryos prior to motor neuron generation (Niederreither et al., 1999). A recent study where Raldh2 expression was genetically ...
Alaskan Husky encephalopathy - UC Davis School of Veterinary
... and occurred in two distribution patterns: (1) bilateral and symmetrical degeneration within the basal nuclei, thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata and (2) multifocally at the base of sulci in the cerebral cortex and in the cortex of the ventral vermis of the cerebellum. In regions where g ...
... and occurred in two distribution patterns: (1) bilateral and symmetrical degeneration within the basal nuclei, thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata and (2) multifocally at the base of sulci in the cerebral cortex and in the cortex of the ventral vermis of the cerebellum. In regions where g ...
Wirth et al., 2009, Neuron
... learning of novel object-place-response associations. Recordings were made throughout the full anterior-posterior extent of the hippocampus, and based on MRI reconstructions, they appeared to include neurons from all hippocampal subdivisions (Figure 1D). We did not attempt to select cells based on t ...
... learning of novel object-place-response associations. Recordings were made throughout the full anterior-posterior extent of the hippocampus, and based on MRI reconstructions, they appeared to include neurons from all hippocampal subdivisions (Figure 1D). We did not attempt to select cells based on t ...
Addressing of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors
... intracellular addressing of these receptors, we have used in vitro systems including Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK II) epithelial cells and primary neuronal cultures. Furthermore, we have extended these studies to examine addressing in vivo in transgenic mice. In epithelial cells, 5HT1A receptors ...
... intracellular addressing of these receptors, we have used in vitro systems including Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK II) epithelial cells and primary neuronal cultures. Furthermore, we have extended these studies to examine addressing in vivo in transgenic mice. In epithelial cells, 5HT1A receptors ...
Motor disorders
... spinocerebellar tract (state of spinal interneurons), brainstem nuclei (vestibular and reticular nuclei), visual signals (pontine nuclei). Output: via fastigius nuclei to bilateral vestibular and reticular nuclei, sparse spinal projections, sparse projections to contralateral cerebral motor areas (v ...
... spinocerebellar tract (state of spinal interneurons), brainstem nuclei (vestibular and reticular nuclei), visual signals (pontine nuclei). Output: via fastigius nuclei to bilateral vestibular and reticular nuclei, sparse spinal projections, sparse projections to contralateral cerebral motor areas (v ...
Multifunctional Laryngeal Premotor Neurons: Their Activities during
... recordings of the intracellular potential of the ELM and extracellular potential of its premotor neuron during fictive coughing in 7 of 10 pairs. SLN stimulation induced two types of fictive coughing. The laryngeal motor pattern of type A coughing consisted of the fictive inspiratory, compressive, e ...
... recordings of the intracellular potential of the ELM and extracellular potential of its premotor neuron during fictive coughing in 7 of 10 pairs. SLN stimulation induced two types of fictive coughing. The laryngeal motor pattern of type A coughing consisted of the fictive inspiratory, compressive, e ...
Hippocampal Formation
... of the brain is the fornix, the white matter pathway connecting the hippocampal formation to various subcortical structures and providing some output to prefrontal cortex. Via this pathway and other routes the hippocampal formation receives modulatory input from dopamine, norepinephrine (adrenaline) ...
... of the brain is the fornix, the white matter pathway connecting the hippocampal formation to various subcortical structures and providing some output to prefrontal cortex. Via this pathway and other routes the hippocampal formation receives modulatory input from dopamine, norepinephrine (adrenaline) ...
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of
... Simulation 1 – Neurophysiological Properties of the Neuron You now have at least a working knowledge of action-potential generation in the squid giant axon. Early investigators of the mammalian brain imagined that the central nervous system (CNS) consisted of a complex interconnected network of neur ...
... Simulation 1 – Neurophysiological Properties of the Neuron You now have at least a working knowledge of action-potential generation in the squid giant axon. Early investigators of the mammalian brain imagined that the central nervous system (CNS) consisted of a complex interconnected network of neur ...
The Spinal Nerve
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
Chapter 15
... – sympathetic fibers also secrete enkephalin, substance P, neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, neurotensin, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone – parasympathetic fibers stimulate endothelial cells to release the gas, nitric oxide – causes vasodilation by inhibiting smooth muscle tone • function is crucial t ...
... – sympathetic fibers also secrete enkephalin, substance P, neuropeptide Y, somatostatin, neurotensin, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone – parasympathetic fibers stimulate endothelial cells to release the gas, nitric oxide – causes vasodilation by inhibiting smooth muscle tone • function is crucial t ...
Embryonic development of the Drosophila brain: formation of
... bridge and the extending pioneering commissural axons reach the midline at the same time. As soon as the first commissural axonal pathway in the brain across the midline is established, it is followed by other fasciculating commissural axons and, during subsequent embryogenesis, this commissural fas ...
... bridge and the extending pioneering commissural axons reach the midline at the same time. As soon as the first commissural axonal pathway in the brain across the midline is established, it is followed by other fasciculating commissural axons and, during subsequent embryogenesis, this commissural fas ...
Movement-Related Neuronal Activity Selectively - Research
... the putamen (Crutcher and DeLong 1984a) and globus pallidus (Mitchell et al. 1987), of primates have been carried out with the use of motor tasks that dissociated the direction of limb movement from the pattern of muscle activity. In both areas the activity of substantial proportions of movement-rel ...
... the putamen (Crutcher and DeLong 1984a) and globus pallidus (Mitchell et al. 1987), of primates have been carried out with the use of motor tasks that dissociated the direction of limb movement from the pattern of muscle activity. In both areas the activity of substantial proportions of movement-rel ...