Placentation
... – Cannot prevent entrance of toxic materials and infectious materials • Alcohol, opium, and other drugs – Birth defects (teratogenic agents) ...
... – Cannot prevent entrance of toxic materials and infectious materials • Alcohol, opium, and other drugs – Birth defects (teratogenic agents) ...
- Orange Coast College
... During forward acceleration, otolithic membrane lags behind hair cells, so hairs pushed backward. ...
... During forward acceleration, otolithic membrane lags behind hair cells, so hairs pushed backward. ...
The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex
... brain or cortical size (4). Given that the cerebral cortex is a columnar structure (2, 5, 6), the most accepted view of cortical expansion proposes that this is achieved through the addition of columnar modules (7, 8). This view is so pervasive that the cortical surface area, rather than cortical vo ...
... brain or cortical size (4). Given that the cerebral cortex is a columnar structure (2, 5, 6), the most accepted view of cortical expansion proposes that this is achieved through the addition of columnar modules (7, 8). This view is so pervasive that the cortical surface area, rather than cortical vo ...
Phylum chordata and protochordates
... flexible cartilaginous rod-like, skeletal structure lies dorsal to the gut tube and ventral to the nerve cord. ...
... flexible cartilaginous rod-like, skeletal structure lies dorsal to the gut tube and ventral to the nerve cord. ...
An Olfactory Sensory Map in the Fly Brain
... is represented in the antennal lobe. However, in the absence of the genes encoding the receptor molecules, it has not been possible to define a physical basis for this spatial map. In this study we have identified the “complete” family of Drosophila odorant receptors (DORs) and employ these genes to ...
... is represented in the antennal lobe. However, in the absence of the genes encoding the receptor molecules, it has not been possible to define a physical basis for this spatial map. In this study we have identified the “complete” family of Drosophila odorant receptors (DORs) and employ these genes to ...
~ Pergamon
... *Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA tDepartment of Health Science, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, #431, Boston MA, 02215, and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, and New England Regional Prima ...
... *Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA tDepartment of Health Science, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Avenue, #431, Boston MA, 02215, and Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, and New England Regional Prima ...
From Thought to Action
... in this membrane potential across the length of the cell through travelling waves called action potentials or spikes. This is due to the dynamics of voltage-sensitive potassium, sodium, and calcium channels. ...
... in this membrane potential across the length of the cell through travelling waves called action potentials or spikes. This is due to the dynamics of voltage-sensitive potassium, sodium, and calcium channels. ...
the superior Olivary complex
... system is often referred to as a cochlear amplifier. Figure 7–2 shows the locations of olivocochlear neurons that were stained by injecting a retrograde tracer, into the left cochlea of a cat (Vetter et al., 1991; Warr et al., 2002). Two populations of neurons can be seen, those located medial and t ...
... system is often referred to as a cochlear amplifier. Figure 7–2 shows the locations of olivocochlear neurons that were stained by injecting a retrograde tracer, into the left cochlea of a cat (Vetter et al., 1991; Warr et al., 2002). Two populations of neurons can be seen, those located medial and t ...
Cortex Brainstem Spinal Cord Thalamus Cerebellum Basal Ganglia
... metabolism and therefore tend to have more of the oxygen-storing pigment myoglobin and more mitochondria. Slow twitch fibers contract more slowly and generate less force. They are, however, resistant to fatigue. Postural muscles such as those of the back or the soleus muscle of the leg are predomina ...
... metabolism and therefore tend to have more of the oxygen-storing pigment myoglobin and more mitochondria. Slow twitch fibers contract more slowly and generate less force. They are, however, resistant to fatigue. Postural muscles such as those of the back or the soleus muscle of the leg are predomina ...
PDF
... and GABAergic striatal interneurons Apostolia Fragkouli1,*, Nicole Verhey van Wijk1, Rita Lopes1, Nicoletta Kessaris2 and Vassilis Pachnis1,† Coordination of voluntary motor activity depends on the generation of the appropriate neuronal subtypes in the basal ganglia and their integration into functi ...
... and GABAergic striatal interneurons Apostolia Fragkouli1,*, Nicole Verhey van Wijk1, Rita Lopes1, Nicoletta Kessaris2 and Vassilis Pachnis1,† Coordination of voluntary motor activity depends on the generation of the appropriate neuronal subtypes in the basal ganglia and their integration into functi ...
Neural Correlates for Perception of 3D Surface Orientation from
... the KASH domain of ANC-1 is localized to the outer nuclear envelope by UNC-84. Digitonin extraction experiments show that human Syne-2 localizes to the outer nuclear envelope (14). ANC-1 would then extend away from the nucleus, where its NH2-terminus binds to the stable actin cytoskeleton. As a resu ...
... the KASH domain of ANC-1 is localized to the outer nuclear envelope by UNC-84. Digitonin extraction experiments show that human Syne-2 localizes to the outer nuclear envelope (14). ANC-1 would then extend away from the nucleus, where its NH2-terminus binds to the stable actin cytoskeleton. As a resu ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral
... One circumstance under which there is a better functional outcome occurs when cortical injury occurs at particular times during development. Perhaps the best known studies on the effects of early brain injury on behavior were those performed by Margaret Kennard in the late 1930s (e.g., Kennard, 1942 ...
... One circumstance under which there is a better functional outcome occurs when cortical injury occurs at particular times during development. Perhaps the best known studies on the effects of early brain injury on behavior were those performed by Margaret Kennard in the late 1930s (e.g., Kennard, 1942 ...
Cytoplasmic localization and chordamesoderm induction in the frog
... well-defined regions and to transplant cells from each region into recipient embryos which would otherwise fail to form axial structures. Partial or complete body axis development could then be scored by the use of external criteria or histological methods. Recipients were embryos which had been irr ...
... well-defined regions and to transplant cells from each region into recipient embryos which would otherwise fail to form axial structures. Partial or complete body axis development could then be scored by the use of external criteria or histological methods. Recipients were embryos which had been irr ...
Sonic hedgehog and cerebellum development
... Lee et al., 1997; Ruiz i Altaba, 1998), SHH could thus act in an autocrine manner in early EGL cells. SHH secreted from Purkinje neurons could then act on oEGL cells and in cells within the PL. The distribution of SHH protein and its localization with respect to a variety of cell-specific markers as ...
... Lee et al., 1997; Ruiz i Altaba, 1998), SHH could thus act in an autocrine manner in early EGL cells. SHH secreted from Purkinje neurons could then act on oEGL cells and in cells within the PL. The distribution of SHH protein and its localization with respect to a variety of cell-specific markers as ...
Sonic hedgehog and cerebellum development
... Lee et al., 1997; Ruiz i Altaba, 1998), SHH could thus act in an autocrine manner in early EGL cells. SHH secreted from Purkinje neurons could then act on oEGL cells and in cells within the PL. The distribution of SHH protein and its localization with respect to a variety of cell-specific markers as ...
... Lee et al., 1997; Ruiz i Altaba, 1998), SHH could thus act in an autocrine manner in early EGL cells. SHH secreted from Purkinje neurons could then act on oEGL cells and in cells within the PL. The distribution of SHH protein and its localization with respect to a variety of cell-specific markers as ...
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the mechanism of
... experimental prevention of the enhanced ventral curvature ...
... experimental prevention of the enhanced ventral curvature ...
Vision`s First Steps: Anatomy, Physiology, and Perception in the
... when they receive glutamate [159, 199]. When light hits photoreceptors, they hyperpolarize and release less glutamate. This reduces the inhibition in the bipolar cells that therefore increase their activity. In the dark, photoreceptors depolarize and release more glutamate. Therefore the bipolar cel ...
... when they receive glutamate [159, 199]. When light hits photoreceptors, they hyperpolarize and release less glutamate. This reduces the inhibition in the bipolar cells that therefore increase their activity. In the dark, photoreceptors depolarize and release more glutamate. Therefore the bipolar cel ...
LWW PPT Slide Template Master
... • With threshold stimulus, neuron generates impulse (action potential) – Depolarization – Refractory period – Repolarization Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
... • With threshold stimulus, neuron generates impulse (action potential) – Depolarization – Refractory period – Repolarization Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ...
Kandel ch. 42 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... Mossy fibers originate from nuclei in the spinal cord and brain stem and carry sensory information from the periphery as well as information from the cerebral cortex. They terminate as excitatory synapses on the dendrites of granule cells in the granular layer (Figure 42-4). The axons of the granule ...
... Mossy fibers originate from nuclei in the spinal cord and brain stem and carry sensory information from the periphery as well as information from the cerebral cortex. They terminate as excitatory synapses on the dendrites of granule cells in the granular layer (Figure 42-4). The axons of the granule ...
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... innervation of chemosensory epithelia suggested neuromodulatory regulation of chemosensory pathways by central elements. In the present work, we describe 5-HT immunoreactivity in the CNS of Pleurobranchaea and Tritonia. We undertook this study to identify putative serotonergic neurons in Pleurobranc ...
... innervation of chemosensory epithelia suggested neuromodulatory regulation of chemosensory pathways by central elements. In the present work, we describe 5-HT immunoreactivity in the CNS of Pleurobranchaea and Tritonia. We undertook this study to identify putative serotonergic neurons in Pleurobranc ...