2. Aim of the thesis
... identified Lymnaea nAChR subunits in Lymnaea stagnalis. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) we show that the LnAChR subunits are predominantly expressed in the CNS. In situ hybridization (ISH) on sections of the Lymnaea CNS demonstrates that the LnAChR subunits are express ...
... identified Lymnaea nAChR subunits in Lymnaea stagnalis. Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) we show that the LnAChR subunits are predominantly expressed in the CNS. In situ hybridization (ISH) on sections of the Lymnaea CNS demonstrates that the LnAChR subunits are express ...
FEATURE ARTICLE Coding of Object Location in
... device (SR-6; Narishige; Japan), which allows free access to the somatosensory brain structures and whiskers. Body temprature was maintained at 37°C during experimental manipulations. A craniotomy was performed over the right thalamic or cortical stations according to known stereotaxic coordinates. ...
... device (SR-6; Narishige; Japan), which allows free access to the somatosensory brain structures and whiskers. Body temprature was maintained at 37°C during experimental manipulations. A craniotomy was performed over the right thalamic or cortical stations according to known stereotaxic coordinates. ...
PDF - Center for Theoretical Neuroscience
... the second messenger systems that underlie At the level of sys? many of these processes. tems the reductionist neuroscience, has led us to attempt to identify approach the neurons in a given behavior involved and to define the connections among them. In both cellular and systems neuroscience, it is ...
... the second messenger systems that underlie At the level of sys? many of these processes. tems the reductionist neuroscience, has led us to attempt to identify approach the neurons in a given behavior involved and to define the connections among them. In both cellular and systems neuroscience, it is ...
Data Visualization Optimization Computational Modeling of Perception
... does not include retinal processing, or even edge pattern recognition using a Gabor-like pattern matching elements, but instead focuses entirely on V1 lateral connections and how contour integration may emerge from them. Li’s model uses a hexagonal array to represent the hypercolumn structure of V1. ...
... does not include retinal processing, or even edge pattern recognition using a Gabor-like pattern matching elements, but instead focuses entirely on V1 lateral connections and how contour integration may emerge from them. Li’s model uses a hexagonal array to represent the hypercolumn structure of V1. ...
PDF
... Neville (1982) gifts of Dr P. A. W. Edwards, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Sutton, U.K.]. IgM w o ° (gift of Dr E. Osserman, Columbia Medical Center, New York), is a Waldenstrom macroglobulin with specificity for the type 1 (Gal/81-3GlcNAc)-based backbone sequence (Kabat, Liao, Shyong & Osse ...
... Neville (1982) gifts of Dr P. A. W. Edwards, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Sutton, U.K.]. IgM w o ° (gift of Dr E. Osserman, Columbia Medical Center, New York), is a Waldenstrom macroglobulin with specificity for the type 1 (Gal/81-3GlcNAc)-based backbone sequence (Kabat, Liao, Shyong & Osse ...
Accelerating axonal growth promotes motor
... Tubb2a, Sprr1a, Fn14, Ndel1, and Trpc4, as well as several regeneration-promoting transcription factors, Atf3, c-Jun, Stat3, and Sox11 (11). Although these proteins individually increase axonal growth, none thus far have been shown to produce functional recovery (Supplemental Table 1; supplemental m ...
... Tubb2a, Sprr1a, Fn14, Ndel1, and Trpc4, as well as several regeneration-promoting transcription factors, Atf3, c-Jun, Stat3, and Sox11 (11). Although these proteins individually increase axonal growth, none thus far have been shown to produce functional recovery (Supplemental Table 1; supplemental m ...
Lab 10 – Nervous Tissue Nervous Tissue
... pia mater is a delicate layer consisting of flattened, impermeable cells and CT fibers; it rests upon a limiting layer of astrocyte foot processes known as the glial limitans (not seen in routine slide preparations) which acts as a barrier between the CNS neural tissue and surrounding non-neural tis ...
... pia mater is a delicate layer consisting of flattened, impermeable cells and CT fibers; it rests upon a limiting layer of astrocyte foot processes known as the glial limitans (not seen in routine slide preparations) which acts as a barrier between the CNS neural tissue and surrounding non-neural tis ...
Neural Compensations After Lesion of the Cerebral Cortex
... One circumstance under which there is a better functional outcome occurs when cortical injury occurs at particular times during development. Perhaps the best known studies on the effects of early brain injury on behavior were those performed by Margaret Kennard in the late 1930s (e.g., Kennard, 1942 ...
... One circumstance under which there is a better functional outcome occurs when cortical injury occurs at particular times during development. Perhaps the best known studies on the effects of early brain injury on behavior were those performed by Margaret Kennard in the late 1930s (e.g., Kennard, 1942 ...
A Monosynaptic GABAergic Input from the Inferior Colliculus to the
... GABA-positive projection neurons to the MGB. The central nucleus of the IC had many double-labeled neurons that project to the ipsilateral MGB. The spatial distribution of single- and double-labeled neurons in the IC is seen in Figures 3 and 4. In these diagrams, double-labeled neurons are shown as ...
... GABA-positive projection neurons to the MGB. The central nucleus of the IC had many double-labeled neurons that project to the ipsilateral MGB. The spatial distribution of single- and double-labeled neurons in the IC is seen in Figures 3 and 4. In these diagrams, double-labeled neurons are shown as ...
Gastrointestinal Tract Development Embryonic Gut
... These regions adhere directly to the dorsal body wall Transverse colon does not become fixed ...
... These regions adhere directly to the dorsal body wall Transverse colon does not become fixed ...
Digestive System
... These regions adhere directly to the dorsal body wall Transverse colon does not become fixed ...
... These regions adhere directly to the dorsal body wall Transverse colon does not become fixed ...
Course of spinocerebellar axons in the ventral and lateral funiculi of
... In an earlier study we used a retrograde tracing technique to investigate the location and course of spinocerebellar axons in the spinal cord of the cat following injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-HRP into the anterior lobe, the main area of termination of spi ...
... In an earlier study we used a retrograde tracing technique to investigate the location and course of spinocerebellar axons in the spinal cord of the cat following injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-HRP into the anterior lobe, the main area of termination of spi ...
Biological clock
... • SCN cells in culture: no entrainment of light-dark cycles, but their basic rhythmicity remains just as when being deprived of zeitgebers. • SCN cells communicate their rhythmic message to the rest of the brain through efferent axons, using Aps, and rates of SCN cell firing vary with a circadian rh ...
... • SCN cells in culture: no entrainment of light-dark cycles, but their basic rhythmicity remains just as when being deprived of zeitgebers. • SCN cells communicate their rhythmic message to the rest of the brain through efferent axons, using Aps, and rates of SCN cell firing vary with a circadian rh ...
Biological clock - Science Mission
... • SCN cells in culture: no entrainment of light-dark cycles, but their basic rhythmicity remains just as when being deprived of zeitgebers. • SCN cells communicate their rhythmic message to the rest of the brain through efferent axons, using Aps, and rates of SCN cell firing vary with a circadian rh ...
... • SCN cells in culture: no entrainment of light-dark cycles, but their basic rhythmicity remains just as when being deprived of zeitgebers. • SCN cells communicate their rhythmic message to the rest of the brain through efferent axons, using Aps, and rates of SCN cell firing vary with a circadian rh ...
diencephalon - Loyola University Medical Education Network
... o All thalamic projection neuron axons will pass through and give off collaterals to this reticular nucleus. The cortical (or other areas) which those thalamic projection axons reach, will send projections back to their specific thalamic nuclei (modulate their firing), but also collateral branches t ...
... o All thalamic projection neuron axons will pass through and give off collaterals to this reticular nucleus. The cortical (or other areas) which those thalamic projection axons reach, will send projections back to their specific thalamic nuclei (modulate their firing), but also collateral branches t ...
cytology, embryology and histology
... epitheliocytes are almost invisible due to pale stained cytoplasm. You can observe them while lowering condensor and closing diaphragm. Find cells at amitosis, paying attention to their nucleus shape. When amitosis starts the nucleus elongates and an isthmus appears (eight-like nucleus). Then the is ...
... epitheliocytes are almost invisible due to pale stained cytoplasm. You can observe them while lowering condensor and closing diaphragm. Find cells at amitosis, paying attention to their nucleus shape. When amitosis starts the nucleus elongates and an isthmus appears (eight-like nucleus). Then the is ...
Functional Brain Changes Following Cognitive and Motor Skills
... cortical areas (eg, PFC) and an increase in the recruitment of subcortical striatum as training progresses. Quantitative evidence for more domain-general or global patterns of neural change associated with training was also reported by Chein and Schneider,9 who developed in-house quantitative method ...
... cortical areas (eg, PFC) and an increase in the recruitment of subcortical striatum as training progresses. Quantitative evidence for more domain-general or global patterns of neural change associated with training was also reported by Chein and Schneider,9 who developed in-house quantitative method ...
Thermosensory processing in the Drosophila brain
... Fig. 3). Moreover, slow and fast cooling elicited similar peak firing rates (Fig. 1e, f). We term these ‘slow-cool-PNs’. Slow-cool-PNs project to the mushroom body, a higher brain region involved in learning and memory16. Slow-cool-PNs were less sensitive than fast-cool-PNs to small cooling steps (F ...
... Fig. 3). Moreover, slow and fast cooling elicited similar peak firing rates (Fig. 1e, f). We term these ‘slow-cool-PNs’. Slow-cool-PNs project to the mushroom body, a higher brain region involved in learning and memory16. Slow-cool-PNs were less sensitive than fast-cool-PNs to small cooling steps (F ...
Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information
... the sensory signals that apprise the brain of the momentary positions of the legs at each fraction of a second during running. At the other extreme, some types of sensory information, such as that depicting prolonged, aching pain, do not need to be transmitted rapidly, so that slowly conducting fibe ...
... the sensory signals that apprise the brain of the momentary positions of the legs at each fraction of a second during running. At the other extreme, some types of sensory information, such as that depicting prolonged, aching pain, do not need to be transmitted rapidly, so that slowly conducting fibe ...
High baseline activity in inferior temporal cortex
... activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the behavior. Furthermore, it is not clear how the “oscillation” and the “level” of the neural baseline activity are related to each ...
... activity was considered noise. However, these human studies do not provide any direct information about the correlation of the baseline activity of single neurons and the behavior. Furthermore, it is not clear how the “oscillation” and the “level” of the neural baseline activity are related to each ...
Early Embryonic Mesoderm Development
... cells. These wings eventually meet in the anterior part of the embryo, thus forming a continuous sheet of mesoderm between the endoderm and the epiblast, which has begun to differentiate as the ectoderm layer of the embryo. At the same time, the node generates the head process, which moves anteriorl ...
... cells. These wings eventually meet in the anterior part of the embryo, thus forming a continuous sheet of mesoderm between the endoderm and the epiblast, which has begun to differentiate as the ectoderm layer of the embryo. At the same time, the node generates the head process, which moves anteriorl ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... biocytin. The threshold for action-potential firing was measured under three different conditions: 1) electrical stimulation of the contralateral cerebral cortex, 2) brief directly applied current pulses, and 3) spontaneous action-potentials occurring during spontaneous episodes of depolarization ( ...
... biocytin. The threshold for action-potential firing was measured under three different conditions: 1) electrical stimulation of the contralateral cerebral cortex, 2) brief directly applied current pulses, and 3) spontaneous action-potentials occurring during spontaneous episodes of depolarization ( ...
Cation-Chloride Cotransporters and Neuronal Function
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
... GABAA and glycine receptors, CCCs also show close interactions with glutamatergic signaling. A crosstalk among CCCs and trophic factors is important in short-term and long-term modification of neuronal properties. CCCs appear to be multifunctional proteins that are also involved in shaping neuronal ...
Regulation of Action-Potential Firing in Spiny Neurons of the Rat
... biocytin. The threshold for action-potential firing was measured under three different conditions: 1) electrical stimulation of the contralateral cerebral cortex, 2) brief directly applied current pulses, and 3) spontaneous action-potentials occurring during spontaneous episodes of depolarization ( ...
... biocytin. The threshold for action-potential firing was measured under three different conditions: 1) electrical stimulation of the contralateral cerebral cortex, 2) brief directly applied current pulses, and 3) spontaneous action-potentials occurring during spontaneous episodes of depolarization ( ...
Cell Type-Specific, Presynaptic LTP of Inhibitory Synapses on Fast
... Properties and plasticity of inhibitory synapses on fast-spiking (FS) GABAergic (FS-GABA) interneurons in layer II/III of the mouse visual cortex were examined in cortical slices by whole-cell recordings of IPSCs or IPSPs evoked by activation of presynaptic FS or non-FS GABAergic interneurons. Unita ...
... Properties and plasticity of inhibitory synapses on fast-spiking (FS) GABAergic (FS-GABA) interneurons in layer II/III of the mouse visual cortex were examined in cortical slices by whole-cell recordings of IPSCs or IPSPs evoked by activation of presynaptic FS or non-FS GABAergic interneurons. Unita ...