Intracellular study of rat substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons in
... lanzing currents and decreased dunng depolarizing currents (Fig 5A,B) STH stimulation with various Postsyna?UCresponses evoked by STH stimulation intensities revealed that the latency of the earliest It was commonly observed that STH stimulation and second components ~howed shght and graded evoked r ...
... lanzing currents and decreased dunng depolarizing currents (Fig 5A,B) STH stimulation with various Postsyna?UCresponses evoked by STH stimulation intensities revealed that the latency of the earliest It was commonly observed that STH stimulation and second components ~howed shght and graded evoked r ...
Cell migration in the developing rodent olfactory system
... the basal ganglia, and the amygdaloid complex. The diencephalon forms the thalamus and the hypothalamus. Cell migration in the brain may be broadly categorized based on the orientation of the migration trajectory with respect to the ventricular surface [9, 10]. Neurons may migrate either radially ou ...
... the basal ganglia, and the amygdaloid complex. The diencephalon forms the thalamus and the hypothalamus. Cell migration in the brain may be broadly categorized based on the orientation of the migration trajectory with respect to the ventricular surface [9, 10]. Neurons may migrate either radially ou ...
autonomic nervous system
... • The autonomic nervous system contains both autonomic sensory and motor neurons. – Autonomic sensory input is not consciously perceived. • The autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by either increasing (exciting) or decreasing (inhibiting) ongoing activities of cardiac muscle, smooth ...
... • The autonomic nervous system contains both autonomic sensory and motor neurons. – Autonomic sensory input is not consciously perceived. • The autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by either increasing (exciting) or decreasing (inhibiting) ongoing activities of cardiac muscle, smooth ...
The functional organization of the intraparietal sulcus in humans and
... Kanwisher, 2001). These data are supported by studies of patients presenting with lesions of the parietal cortex and neuropsychological deficits such as visuospatial neglect, different forms of apraxia and other visuomotor coordination problems (for reviews see, for example, Marshall & Fink, 2001, 2 ...
... Kanwisher, 2001). These data are supported by studies of patients presenting with lesions of the parietal cortex and neuropsychological deficits such as visuospatial neglect, different forms of apraxia and other visuomotor coordination problems (for reviews see, for example, Marshall & Fink, 2001, 2 ...
Chorion
... yolk sac are well formed. The chorionic villi lie in blood-filled intervillous spaces within the endometrium. The embryo is nourished via the umbilical vessels that connect it (through the umbilical cord) to the placenta. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... yolk sac are well formed. The chorionic villi lie in blood-filled intervillous spaces within the endometrium. The embryo is nourished via the umbilical vessels that connect it (through the umbilical cord) to the placenta. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
extracellular and intracellular signaling for neuronal polarity
... toward the direction of movement, and they then translocate their somata using these processes. After the translocation of the somata, the remaining process at the opposite end will retract. In contrast, migrating neurons during the locomotion mode extend relatively short leading processes. Migratin ...
... toward the direction of movement, and they then translocate their somata using these processes. After the translocation of the somata, the remaining process at the opposite end will retract. In contrast, migrating neurons during the locomotion mode extend relatively short leading processes. Migratin ...
Hes1 and Hes3 regulate maintenance of the isthmic organizer and
... expression is restricted to the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region. The isthmic organizer is indicated by arrowheads. (B) In situ hybridization of Hes1. At E9.5, Hes1 is also expressed in the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region (arrowhead). (C±G) In situ hybridization (C±E) and immunohistochemistry ( ...
... expression is restricted to the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region. The isthmic organizer is indicated by arrowheads. (B) In situ hybridization of Hes1. At E9.5, Hes1 is also expressed in the midbrain±hindbrain boundary region (arrowhead). (C±G) In situ hybridization (C±E) and immunohistochemistry ( ...
The Isotropic Fractionator: A Fast, Reliable Method to Determine
... (Mullen et al., 1992; Gittins and Harrison, 2004). Then, the number of nonneuronal cells can be derived by subtraction. Alternatively, morphological criteria can be used to determine the numbers of readily identifiable nuclear types, such as those of Purkinje cells. The single most important limitat ...
... (Mullen et al., 1992; Gittins and Harrison, 2004). Then, the number of nonneuronal cells can be derived by subtraction. Alternatively, morphological criteria can be used to determine the numbers of readily identifiable nuclear types, such as those of Purkinje cells. The single most important limitat ...
Starosta, S., Güntürkün, O., Stüttgen, M.C., Stimulus
... progressively dissimilar to S+; thereby, response rates provided a behavioral index of reward expectancy. We found that many NCL neurons’ responses were modulated in the stimulus discrimination phase, the outcome phase, or both. A substantial fraction of neurons increased firing for cues predicting ...
... progressively dissimilar to S+; thereby, response rates provided a behavioral index of reward expectancy. We found that many NCL neurons’ responses were modulated in the stimulus discrimination phase, the outcome phase, or both. A substantial fraction of neurons increased firing for cues predicting ...
Mesodermal Derivatives And Limb Formation
... mesoderm forms the serous membrane ensheathing visceral organs. The cavity formed by the splitting of these two layers becomes the intraembryonic coelom which gives rise to the definitive pleural, pericardial and peritoneal cavities. Notochordal process - The notochordal process is one of the first ...
... mesoderm forms the serous membrane ensheathing visceral organs. The cavity formed by the splitting of these two layers becomes the intraembryonic coelom which gives rise to the definitive pleural, pericardial and peritoneal cavities. Notochordal process - The notochordal process is one of the first ...
How Reliably Does a Neuron in the Visual Motion Pathway of fhe Fly
... How reliably neurons convey information depends on the extent to which their activity is affected by stochastic processes which are omnipresent in the nervous system. The functional consequences of neuronal noise can only be assessed if the latter is related to the response components that are induc ...
... How reliably neurons convey information depends on the extent to which their activity is affected by stochastic processes which are omnipresent in the nervous system. The functional consequences of neuronal noise can only be assessed if the latter is related to the response components that are induc ...
Maruska & Tricas 2011
... In birds and frogs that rely on auditory signals for reproduction, there is evidence for an auditory-endocrine circuit that involves the GnRH1 system (Burmeister and Wilczynski, 2000; Cheng et al., 1998; Maney et al., 2007). For example, auditory stimuli from a mating chorus increase the number of h ...
... In birds and frogs that rely on auditory signals for reproduction, there is evidence for an auditory-endocrine circuit that involves the GnRH1 system (Burmeister and Wilczynski, 2000; Cheng et al., 1998; Maney et al., 2007). For example, auditory stimuli from a mating chorus increase the number of h ...
Neural representation of object orientation: A dissociation between
... each condition the same number of times (each time in a different orientation). To maintain participants' attention, three additional (non-analyzed) trials with images of toy vehicles were included in each run, and participants pressed a button when they detected a vehicle. Localizers and regions of ...
... each condition the same number of times (each time in a different orientation). To maintain participants' attention, three additional (non-analyzed) trials with images of toy vehicles were included in each run, and participants pressed a button when they detected a vehicle. Localizers and regions of ...
Nervous Tissue
... Long, thin, cylindrical projection that often joins the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the axon hillock (= small hill). The part of the axon closest to the hillock is the initial segment. The junction between the axon hillock and the initial segment is the trigger zone (nerve impu ...
... Long, thin, cylindrical projection that often joins the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the axon hillock (= small hill). The part of the axon closest to the hillock is the initial segment. The junction between the axon hillock and the initial segment is the trigger zone (nerve impu ...
Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant model organism for
... and glycine synergistically control ligand-mediated gating of calcium and hypocotyl elongation in plants. Transient increases in cytosolic calcium and hypocotyl elongation were ...
... and glycine synergistically control ligand-mediated gating of calcium and hypocotyl elongation in plants. Transient increases in cytosolic calcium and hypocotyl elongation were ...
Proceedings of 2014 BMI the Third International Conference on
... On one hand neuroscience is rich in data and poor in theory. On the other hand, many computer scientists are busy with engineering inspired methods, not motivated by brain in ...
... On one hand neuroscience is rich in data and poor in theory. On the other hand, many computer scientists are busy with engineering inspired methods, not motivated by brain in ...
The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Gets Split: Why Does Cortisol
... dual control of glucocorticoid rhythms. A previous study by de la Iglesia et al. (20) showed that lateralization of SCN activity drives sided differences in neuroendocrine output. Split female hamsters show two LH surges, one preceding each bout of locomotion (9). To determine the hypothalamic basis ...
... dual control of glucocorticoid rhythms. A previous study by de la Iglesia et al. (20) showed that lateralization of SCN activity drives sided differences in neuroendocrine output. Split female hamsters show two LH surges, one preceding each bout of locomotion (9). To determine the hypothalamic basis ...
Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Model for Embryonic Patterning: From
... and shape of these gradients, the way in which they determine cell fate and how they relate to the size and shape of the embryo. It is also unclear whether findings from model systems such as the mouse can be applied to human development, or, more generally, which aspects of mammalian development ar ...
... and shape of these gradients, the way in which they determine cell fate and how they relate to the size and shape of the embryo. It is also unclear whether findings from model systems such as the mouse can be applied to human development, or, more generally, which aspects of mammalian development ar ...
Coding of movement
... Scope of the model To properly ascertain the contribution of neural activities to movement control, it is necessary to consider neural and movement data simultaneously. An appropriate animal (monkey) model of this situation is obtained using a mechanical exoskeleton that puts constraints on the degr ...
... Scope of the model To properly ascertain the contribution of neural activities to movement control, it is necessary to consider neural and movement data simultaneously. An appropriate animal (monkey) model of this situation is obtained using a mechanical exoskeleton that puts constraints on the degr ...
Inhibitory Neurotransmitters are the nervous system`s “off switches
... Aspartic Acid, also known as aspartate, is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brainstem and spinal cord. Aspartic acid is the excitatory counterpart to glycine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Low levels have been linked to feelings of fatigue and low mood, whereas high levels have been linked t ...
... Aspartic Acid, also known as aspartate, is an excitatory neurotransmitter in the brainstem and spinal cord. Aspartic acid is the excitatory counterpart to glycine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Low levels have been linked to feelings of fatigue and low mood, whereas high levels have been linked t ...
Cell lineage analysis of pattern formation in the Tubifex embryo. II
... using intracellular lineage tracers, we characterized the morphogenetic processes that give rise to formation of these ectodermal segments. The formation of ectodermal segments began with formation of fissures, first on the ventral side and then on the dorsal side of the GB; the unification of these ...
... using intracellular lineage tracers, we characterized the morphogenetic processes that give rise to formation of these ectodermal segments. The formation of ectodermal segments began with formation of fissures, first on the ventral side and then on the dorsal side of the GB; the unification of these ...
2016 Research Grant Directory
... improve recovery of brain function after injury. We still know too little about how brain activity changes in response to the initial injury and how these changes cause lasting detrimental effects on mental function and behavior. Research has shown that large brain networks are affected by injury, e ...
... improve recovery of brain function after injury. We still know too little about how brain activity changes in response to the initial injury and how these changes cause lasting detrimental effects on mental function and behavior. Research has shown that large brain networks are affected by injury, e ...
Cognition without a Neural Code: How a Folded Electromagnetic Fields
... There is simply no known mechanism by which axonal messaging and synaptic modulation can go that fast, even if we allow for functional rather than structural changes. The nervous system contains both electrical and chemical synapses: the former devoted to rapid reflexes, the latter to slower, more m ...
... There is simply no known mechanism by which axonal messaging and synaptic modulation can go that fast, even if we allow for functional rather than structural changes. The nervous system contains both electrical and chemical synapses: the former devoted to rapid reflexes, the latter to slower, more m ...