Evolution and the latitudinal diversity gradient
... hypotheses for the origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient. The time and area hypothesis holds that tropical climates are older and historically larger, allowing more opportunity for diversification. This hypothesis is supported by observations that temperate taxa are often younger than, and ne ...
... hypotheses for the origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient. The time and area hypothesis holds that tropical climates are older and historically larger, allowing more opportunity for diversification. This hypothesis is supported by observations that temperate taxa are often younger than, and ne ...
INTERIM RECOVERY PLAN NO - Department of Parks and Wildlife
... Social and economic impact: The implementation of this recovery plan may have some social and economic impact as one Dryandra fuscobractea subpopulation occurs on private land. Where plants are located on private land, recovery actions refer to continued liaison between stakeholders with regards to ...
... Social and economic impact: The implementation of this recovery plan may have some social and economic impact as one Dryandra fuscobractea subpopulation occurs on private land. Where plants are located on private land, recovery actions refer to continued liaison between stakeholders with regards to ...
Darwin`s Finches
... Seeds of Tribulus cistoides (principal food of G. magnirostris) are contained in a fruit consisting of five mericarps. Mericarp: One segment of a fruit that breaks at maturity into units derived from the individual carpels. ...
... Seeds of Tribulus cistoides (principal food of G. magnirostris) are contained in a fruit consisting of five mericarps. Mericarp: One segment of a fruit that breaks at maturity into units derived from the individual carpels. ...
Marzluff__Rodewald_formatted _Nov 18-2
... consequences of the ability of certain species to colonize the habitat as well as the likelihood that populations of various species will persist or go locally extinct. In this respect, urbanization affects animal communities in at least two integrated ways (Fig. 1). First, some populations persist ...
... consequences of the ability of certain species to colonize the habitat as well as the likelihood that populations of various species will persist or go locally extinct. In this respect, urbanization affects animal communities in at least two integrated ways (Fig. 1). First, some populations persist ...
Molecular Ecology, 10, 2569–2576
... John Avise and coworkers coined the term ‘phylogeography’ in 1987 when presenting their ideas on the potential of combining intraspecific gene trees based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with geographical information to infer historical processess. Phylogeography has since become an influential field o ...
... John Avise and coworkers coined the term ‘phylogeography’ in 1987 when presenting their ideas on the potential of combining intraspecific gene trees based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with geographical information to infer historical processess. Phylogeography has since become an influential field o ...
Succession an Unfinished Revolution
... return to the climax or stable stage, relatively long times between disturbances were assumed. This was usually considered to be thousands of years. If disturbances became too frequent then the whole idea of a stable final stage where certain assemblages of species stay relatively constant was diffi ...
... return to the climax or stable stage, relatively long times between disturbances were assumed. This was usually considered to be thousands of years. If disturbances became too frequent then the whole idea of a stable final stage where certain assemblages of species stay relatively constant was diffi ...
Ant community structure on a small Pacific island: only one native
... small Pacific island (Surprise Island, New Caledonia) and how this structure could be affected by competition or abiotic environment (temperature). The previous history of ant communities on Surprise Island is unknown, and we aimed to capture an ecological snapshot of these communities. Surprise Isl ...
... small Pacific island (Surprise Island, New Caledonia) and how this structure could be affected by competition or abiotic environment (temperature). The previous history of ant communities on Surprise Island is unknown, and we aimed to capture an ecological snapshot of these communities. Surprise Isl ...
Conserving European biodiversity in the context of climate
... Models used to predict the eventual distribution of communities generally rely on identifying the climate-space occupied by the contemporary community, and then identifying where the community's climate-space will occur under the various scenarios of climate change. It is much more difficult to iden ...
... Models used to predict the eventual distribution of communities generally rely on identifying the climate-space occupied by the contemporary community, and then identifying where the community's climate-space will occur under the various scenarios of climate change. It is much more difficult to iden ...
CV - Northern Arizona University
... Honors Thesis Title: An overview of biological invasions and an analysis of the impacts of alien house mice in a native Hawaiian ecosystem CURRENT APPOINT MENT Northern Arizona University 2015-present Assistant Professor Research Focus: Global biodiversity implications of mutualism disruption and ...
... Honors Thesis Title: An overview of biological invasions and an analysis of the impacts of alien house mice in a native Hawaiian ecosystem CURRENT APPOINT MENT Northern Arizona University 2015-present Assistant Professor Research Focus: Global biodiversity implications of mutualism disruption and ...
Root Dynamics of Cultivar and NonCultivar Population
... Dominance of warm-season grasses modulates tallgrass prairie ecosystem structure and function. Reintroduction of these grasses is a widespread practice to conserve soil and restore prairie ecosystems degraded from human land use changes. Seed sources for reintroduction of dominant prairie grass spec ...
... Dominance of warm-season grasses modulates tallgrass prairie ecosystem structure and function. Reintroduction of these grasses is a widespread practice to conserve soil and restore prairie ecosystems degraded from human land use changes. Seed sources for reintroduction of dominant prairie grass spec ...
Plant Species Diversity and Management of Temperate Forage and
... measurements incorporate both species richness (S, the number of plant species in a community) and species evenness (J, an estimate of species distribution within a community). A community is perfectly “even” if all the species in the community have an equal number of individuals and are all the sam ...
... measurements incorporate both species richness (S, the number of plant species in a community) and species evenness (J, an estimate of species distribution within a community). A community is perfectly “even” if all the species in the community have an equal number of individuals and are all the sam ...
The ecology of recovery
... dynamics of populations, but the reverse is also true: population dynamics can crucially determine important life-history traits, since many traits are density-dependent. For example, populations recovering from previous exploitation will contain individuals of smaller size-at-age than when exploite ...
... dynamics of populations, but the reverse is also true: population dynamics can crucially determine important life-history traits, since many traits are density-dependent. For example, populations recovering from previous exploitation will contain individuals of smaller size-at-age than when exploite ...
1 - Shepway District Council
... 1.1. My name is Richard Moyse. I am the Head of Conservation and Policy for the Kent Wildlife Trust (KWT). I am appearing on behalf of KWT at this inquiry. 1.2. I was awarded an honours degree in Botany by the University of Wales in 1984 and have subsequently acquired 26 years professional experienc ...
... 1.1. My name is Richard Moyse. I am the Head of Conservation and Policy for the Kent Wildlife Trust (KWT). I am appearing on behalf of KWT at this inquiry. 1.2. I was awarded an honours degree in Botany by the University of Wales in 1984 and have subsequently acquired 26 years professional experienc ...
CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF TERRITORY AND HABITAT OVERLAP IN WOOD- by
... Therefore we may expect coexisting species to initially occupy distinct habitats to avoid fitness costs of spatial overlap, and gradually diverge over evolutionary time with respect to other ecological traits such as foraging behaviour, nest placement, and morphology (Richman and Price 1992). I want ...
... Therefore we may expect coexisting species to initially occupy distinct habitats to avoid fitness costs of spatial overlap, and gradually diverge over evolutionary time with respect to other ecological traits such as foraging behaviour, nest placement, and morphology (Richman and Price 1992). I want ...
1 - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... plant communities comprise persisting populations of several species. Populations may increase or ...
... plant communities comprise persisting populations of several species. Populations may increase or ...
Ecological impacts of invasive cane toads
... Simplistic predictions on the ecological impact of cane toads in Australia have not been supported by field studies - indirect impacts of toads often outweigh direct effects. For example, the abundance of native frogs appears to be unaffected by cane toads, because negative impacts (e.g. frogs being ...
... Simplistic predictions on the ecological impact of cane toads in Australia have not been supported by field studies - indirect impacts of toads often outweigh direct effects. For example, the abundance of native frogs appears to be unaffected by cane toads, because negative impacts (e.g. frogs being ...
Competition Within and Between Species of Parasitoid Wasps
... Directly or indirectly, the populations of all species in a habitat associate with one another as a community. The structure of this assemblage, in turn, is shaped by many different factors, such as interactions between climate and topography, and the kinds and amounts of food available. A major inf ...
... Directly or indirectly, the populations of all species in a habitat associate with one another as a community. The structure of this assemblage, in turn, is shaped by many different factors, such as interactions between climate and topography, and the kinds and amounts of food available. A major inf ...
Distinguishing between direct and indirect effects of predators in
... of consumers are highly variable, probably determined by the unique natural history of each species and may also vary in different environmental contexts (Boyer, Kertesz & Bruno 2009; O’Connor & Bruno 2009). The effects of consumer species are difficult to predict because they depend on many indirec ...
... of consumers are highly variable, probably determined by the unique natural history of each species and may also vary in different environmental contexts (Boyer, Kertesz & Bruno 2009; O’Connor & Bruno 2009). The effects of consumer species are difficult to predict because they depend on many indirec ...
140818 PPR Redef of Anthroposphere R7.1
... omnivores and top predators, and we are 100% dependent on it to live. Our continued existence depends on a wide range of species located throughout the tropic web, from the bacteria in the soil that fix nitrogen, to the worms that aerate the soil, to the great variety of plants and animals that we u ...
... omnivores and top predators, and we are 100% dependent on it to live. Our continued existence depends on a wide range of species located throughout the tropic web, from the bacteria in the soil that fix nitrogen, to the worms that aerate the soil, to the great variety of plants and animals that we u ...
Johnson and Thieltges 2010
... community structure and parasite transmission is extensive (for a review, see Thieltges et al., 2008b). Thus, one of our priorities is to unite the disparate and independently evolving disciplines of parasitology and disease ecology to explore how they mutually enhance our understanding of the diver ...
... community structure and parasite transmission is extensive (for a review, see Thieltges et al., 2008b). Thus, one of our priorities is to unite the disparate and independently evolving disciplines of parasitology and disease ecology to explore how they mutually enhance our understanding of the diver ...
A survey of seed and seedling characters in 1744 Australian
... strength of bivariate character associations was quantified at species level (‘crossspecies’ correlations and regressions; SPSS for Windows v. 8.0). Thirdly, phylogenetic information was incorporated into analyses using a technique known as phylogenetic regression (Grafen, 1989, 1992; described belo ...
... strength of bivariate character associations was quantified at species level (‘crossspecies’ correlations and regressions; SPSS for Windows v. 8.0). Thirdly, phylogenetic information was incorporated into analyses using a technique known as phylogenetic regression (Grafen, 1989, 1992; described belo ...
Does functional redundancy exist?
... their monoculture yields or when functional complementarity is detected by the RYT approach. These conclusions, however, apply to equilibrium coexistence in Lotka-Volterra systems. How robust are they likely to be to departures from the assumptions underlying the model and the equilibrium analysis? ...
... their monoculture yields or when functional complementarity is detected by the RYT approach. These conclusions, however, apply to equilibrium coexistence in Lotka-Volterra systems. How robust are they likely to be to departures from the assumptions underlying the model and the equilibrium analysis? ...
Biodiversity in intensive grasslands
... reseeding will not be considered in this paper devoted to intensive permanent grasslands, but it is clear that they significantly modify plant and even other species ...
... reseeding will not be considered in this paper devoted to intensive permanent grasslands, but it is clear that they significantly modify plant and even other species ...
Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A
... increases in richness could be offset, resulting in a dramatically changed species composition without a change in species number. If extinction rates increase enough (e.g., if invading species cause a cascade of extinction events), then richness could be reduced well below historic levels. However, ...
... increases in richness could be offset, resulting in a dramatically changed species composition without a change in species number. If extinction rates increase enough (e.g., if invading species cause a cascade of extinction events), then richness could be reduced well below historic levels. However, ...
Alien plants in checklists and floras: towards better communication
... 1998; Lonsdale, 1999). Some of these studies have provided substantial new insights in our understanding of general patterns of plant invasions or in correcting generally accepted views (Rejmánek, 1996; Lonsdale, 1999). These papers show the value of including a clearly thought-out list of alien tax ...
... 1998; Lonsdale, 1999). Some of these studies have provided substantial new insights in our understanding of general patterns of plant invasions or in correcting generally accepted views (Rejmánek, 1996; Lonsdale, 1999). These papers show the value of including a clearly thought-out list of alien tax ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.