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Why Alien Invaders Succeed: Support for the Escape-from
... dynamics of enemy abundance. The positive relationship between population size and enemy diversity within Europe demonstrates that plants in larger populations must contend with greater numbers of predator and pathogen species. In contrast, the low overall attack rate in North America is not related ...
... dynamics of enemy abundance. The positive relationship between population size and enemy diversity within Europe demonstrates that plants in larger populations must contend with greater numbers of predator and pathogen species. In contrast, the low overall attack rate in North America is not related ...
Evolutionary consequences of changes in species` geographical
... (the incipient species) must persist during the time needed to evolve reproductive barriers (35). This takes tens of thousands to millions of years (34, 36, 37), although occurring much faster during adaptive radiations into large underexploited niches, such as in whitefish, sticklebacks (38), and c ...
... (the incipient species) must persist during the time needed to evolve reproductive barriers (35). This takes tens of thousands to millions of years (34, 36, 37), although occurring much faster during adaptive radiations into large underexploited niches, such as in whitefish, sticklebacks (38), and c ...
Name_____________________________________________
... 3) What abiotic factors limit the size of a population? ...
... 3) What abiotic factors limit the size of a population? ...
Chapter 25 Communicaton Ecology 25.1 INTERACTIONS AMONG
... A. often occurs as 1 spc. is to attached to the ohter B. Examples of Commensalism (1) Barnacles on whales, Gain: potection from predation, gamete dispersal,
... A. often occurs as 1 spc. is to attached to the ohter B. Examples of Commensalism (1) Barnacles on whales, Gain: potection from predation, gamete dispersal,
Diversity Increases Indirect Interactions
... have strong theoretical support. For example, models indicate that nontransitive interactions among groups of competitors are a form of indirect facilitation that can promote or sustain coexistence among competitors (Laird and Schamp 2006; Allesina and Levine 2011). Nontransitive interactions may al ...
... have strong theoretical support. For example, models indicate that nontransitive interactions among groups of competitors are a form of indirect facilitation that can promote or sustain coexistence among competitors (Laird and Schamp 2006; Allesina and Levine 2011). Nontransitive interactions may al ...
Full Text - Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
... but their relative importance varies greatly among the models. This theory reinforces recent experimental results and shows that effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning are predicted by well-known ecological processes. Recent studies have shown that several community and ecosystem processes ...
... but their relative importance varies greatly among the models. This theory reinforces recent experimental results and shows that effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning are predicted by well-known ecological processes. Recent studies have shown that several community and ecosystem processes ...
Sinking ships: conservation options for endemic taxa threatened by
... with the same parameter values (Travis et al. 2010), thus predicting the direction of any evolutionary change of dispersal characteristics in response to SLR is difficult. It is generally believed that many species will not move fast enough to track the rapidly changing climate of the future (Thomas ...
... with the same parameter values (Travis et al. 2010), thus predicting the direction of any evolutionary change of dispersal characteristics in response to SLR is difficult. It is generally believed that many species will not move fast enough to track the rapidly changing climate of the future (Thomas ...
PDF - Northern Research Station
... articles. Table 16.1 shows a sampling of individual invasive species that have been the subject of these accounts, from diseases and insects to small and large plant species to small and large mammals. These accounts do not provide sufficient detail for a case-by-case analysis, but in looking across ...
... articles. Table 16.1 shows a sampling of individual invasive species that have been the subject of these accounts, from diseases and insects to small and large plant species to small and large mammals. These accounts do not provide sufficient detail for a case-by-case analysis, but in looking across ...
MEECE Fact Sheet: MSFD Descriptor 2. Non
... How MEECE science can support this descriptor The environmental status of marine waters is traditionally evaluated by taking into account the effects of various forms of chemical pollution, eutrophication, habitat destruction and overfishing. Biopollution in some cases may surpass the impacts of tho ...
... How MEECE science can support this descriptor The environmental status of marine waters is traditionally evaluated by taking into account the effects of various forms of chemical pollution, eutrophication, habitat destruction and overfishing. Biopollution in some cases may surpass the impacts of tho ...
Ecology and ecosystems: the here and now Feedback loops
... broad geographic regions determined by temperature and rainfall, and described by their plant communities ...
... broad geographic regions determined by temperature and rainfall, and described by their plant communities ...
Potamopyrgus antipodarum(Mollusca
... influenced by salinity: the species richness of trematodes, their frequency of occurrence and the number of infected snails and host species decrease with increasing salinity. According to Colburn (1988), the reduced number of species in inland waters as salinity increases could mean less interspeci ...
... influenced by salinity: the species richness of trematodes, their frequency of occurrence and the number of infected snails and host species decrease with increasing salinity. According to Colburn (1988), the reduced number of species in inland waters as salinity increases could mean less interspeci ...
Cynanchum elegans review of information
... There is limited knowledge of the species biology. Cynanchum elegans is clonal and there is uncertainty in defining a plant. One population could consist of only one plant, or, if there are clumps of stems, it may be assumed that a clump is a single plant. From years of monitoring the plants in the ...
... There is limited knowledge of the species biology. Cynanchum elegans is clonal and there is uncertainty in defining a plant. One population could consist of only one plant, or, if there are clumps of stems, it may be assumed that a clump is a single plant. From years of monitoring the plants in the ...
About AquaMaps: Creating standardized range maps of marine
... The AquaMaps solution: incorporation of non-point data about habitat usage The AquaMaps approach was developed specifically to deal with the problems encountered when attempting to map large-scale species distributions based on existing but fragmented and potentially non-representative occurrence da ...
... The AquaMaps solution: incorporation of non-point data about habitat usage The AquaMaps approach was developed specifically to deal with the problems encountered when attempting to map large-scale species distributions based on existing but fragmented and potentially non-representative occurrence da ...
Today`s topics Why insects become pests? The aims of IPM
... their accidental (or international) introduction to areas outside their native range, where they escape from the controlling influence of their natural enemies. • An insect may be harmless until it becomes a vector of a plant or animal pathogen. • Native insect may became pests if they move from nat ...
... their accidental (or international) introduction to areas outside their native range, where they escape from the controlling influence of their natural enemies. • An insect may be harmless until it becomes a vector of a plant or animal pathogen. • Native insect may became pests if they move from nat ...
AP Ecology HW 2012 current
... 3. Explain how age structure, generation time, and sex structure of populations can affect population growth (especially human populations- demographic transition & natality, immigration, emigration and death rates) 4. Describe the characteristics of populations which exhibit Type I, Type II, and Ty ...
... 3. Explain how age structure, generation time, and sex structure of populations can affect population growth (especially human populations- demographic transition & natality, immigration, emigration and death rates) 4. Describe the characteristics of populations which exhibit Type I, Type II, and Ty ...
Ecology - Zanichelli online
... In parasitism, a population receives benefits at another’s expense. It occurs when individuals of a species consume only part of the tissues of individuals of another species, usually without killing them. Monotropa uniflora, also known as the ghost plant, does not contain chlorophyll. Instead of ge ...
... In parasitism, a population receives benefits at another’s expense. It occurs when individuals of a species consume only part of the tissues of individuals of another species, usually without killing them. Monotropa uniflora, also known as the ghost plant, does not contain chlorophyll. Instead of ge ...
Patterns of Biodiversity III
... forest, while the tropics add rain forest, cloud forest. These differences explain variation and diversity at a landscape scale, however, in terms of beta and gamma diversity. Why, though, might a single forest in the tropics have more diversity than a forest in the temperate zone? The structural di ...
... forest, while the tropics add rain forest, cloud forest. These differences explain variation and diversity at a landscape scale, however, in terms of beta and gamma diversity. Why, though, might a single forest in the tropics have more diversity than a forest in the temperate zone? The structural di ...
Dear Colleague
... 106. How do we establish if jellyfish are taking over perturbed marine systems ? 107. Can we infer process from pattern? One of the fundamental issues in ecology is that the dynamics generally operate over time-scale that are much longer than grant income, or even academic careers. Therefore the typ ...
... 106. How do we establish if jellyfish are taking over perturbed marine systems ? 107. Can we infer process from pattern? One of the fundamental issues in ecology is that the dynamics generally operate over time-scale that are much longer than grant income, or even academic careers. Therefore the typ ...
2014 Bee Niche and N..
... temporal redundancy. Temperature was not a key factor in the determination of niche overlap, suggesting that environmental factors do not likely have a primary role in determining high redundancy in the temporal use of floral resources. Rather, temporal overlap is likely associated with the timing o ...
... temporal redundancy. Temperature was not a key factor in the determination of niche overlap, suggesting that environmental factors do not likely have a primary role in determining high redundancy in the temporal use of floral resources. Rather, temporal overlap is likely associated with the timing o ...
Proc for pdf making - Invasive Species Specialist Group
... Table 1 include these 12, the increase largely caused by a re-evaluation of the threat posed by certain species (four species listed by Mauchamp 1997 as potential invaders are included in Table 1), as well as a few recently-added species. There have been few rigorous studies of the effects of the in ...
... Table 1 include these 12, the increase largely caused by a re-evaluation of the threat posed by certain species (four species listed by Mauchamp 1997 as potential invaders are included in Table 1), as well as a few recently-added species. There have been few rigorous studies of the effects of the in ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
Evenness drives consistent diversity effects in intensive grassland
... number and the contribution of individual interactions. The number of interactions depends on species richness. The contribution of a particular interaction depends on the strength of the interaction and the relative abundances of the species involved (Sheehan et al. 2006). One would not expect a la ...
... number and the contribution of individual interactions. The number of interactions depends on species richness. The contribution of a particular interaction depends on the strength of the interaction and the relative abundances of the species involved (Sheehan et al. 2006). One would not expect a la ...
Disentangling the effects of water and nutrients for studying the
... authors have highlighted the importance of the strategy developed by both the benefactor and the beneficiary species (Liancourt et al. 2005a; Gomez-Aparicio et al. 2008; Maestre et al. 2009; Forey et al. 2010), the type of mechanism involved in the interaction (i.e. resource vs nonresource factors; ...
... authors have highlighted the importance of the strategy developed by both the benefactor and the beneficiary species (Liancourt et al. 2005a; Gomez-Aparicio et al. 2008; Maestre et al. 2009; Forey et al. 2010), the type of mechanism involved in the interaction (i.e. resource vs nonresource factors; ...
Ecological fitting
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colorado_potato_beetle.jpg?width=300)
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.